Your search found 5 records
1 Abou El Hassan, W. H. 2018. Irrigation management assessment from land fragmentation perspective in the Nile Delta. Irrigation and Drainage, 67(3):354-362. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2213]
Irrigation management ; Land fragmentation ; Small scale farming ; Water management ; Irrigation canals ; Pumping ; Farmers ; Farm area ; Crops ; Deltas / Egypt / Nile Delta
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048830)
(0.64 MB)
Sustainable increases in water productivity and water use efficiency at different levels can be achieved by optimizing water uses that are suitable for local farmers, especially those who own small-scale farms. There has been continuous land fragmentation mainly due to land inheritance over generations. A historical assessment of land fragmentation (1994–2013) was evaluated in relation to water management such as pump operation hours. In the Nile Delta, 90% of farm areas are less than 2.1 ha and 59% of these are small-scale areas, =0.42 ha. Those small-scale farmers decide on crop patterns and are mainly dependent on the rice crop, which yields the highest net profit income. As a result of land fragmentation, the total number of irrigation events in 2013 was higher than in 2006 and is higher than the number of irrigation events of 1994. Therefore, the total water applied for irrigating crops in 2013 was higher than 2006 (+10.5%) and 1994 (+12.6%). Currently, farmers tend to irrigate their fields for longer periods due to land fragmentation. It is suggested that irrigation improvement as well as a farm contracting system could be the best countermeasures to mitigate the impact of land fragmentation and decrease water losses.
2 Leder, S.; Sugden, F.; Raut, Manita; Ray, D.; Saikia, P. 2019. Ambivalences of collective farming: feminist political ecologies from eastern India and Nepal. International Journal of the Commons, 13(1):105-129. (Special issue: Feminist Political Ecologies of the Commons and Commoning) [doi: https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.917]
Collective farming ; Collective action ; Resource management ; Gender relations ; Women ; Political ecology ; Tenant farmers ; Land fragmentation ; Land management ; Commons ; Water management ; Dry season ; Social aspects ; Labour ; Case studies ; Villages / India / Nepal / Eastern Gangetic Plains / West Bengal / Madhubani / Cooch Behar / Alipurduar / Saptari
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049381)
https://www.thecommonsjournal.org/articles/10.18352/ijc.917/galley/919/download/
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049381.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049381.pdf
(0.60 MB) (616 KB)
Collective farming has been suggested as a potentially useful approach for reducing inequality and transforming peasant agriculture. In collectives, farmers pool land, labor, irrigation infrastructure, agricultural inputs and harvest to overcome resource constraints and to increase their bargaining power. Employing a feminist political ecology lens, we reflect on the extent to which collective farming enables marginalized groups to engage in smallholder agriculture. We examine the establishment of 18 farmer collectives by an action research project in the Eastern Gangetic Plains, a region characterised by fragmented and small landholdings and a high rate of marginalised and landless farmers. We analyze ambivalances of collective farming practices with regard to (1) social relations across scales, (2) intersectionality and (3) emotional attachment. Our results in Saptari/ Eastern Terai in Nepal, Madhubani/Bihar, and Cooch Behar/West Bengal in India demonstrate how intra-household, group and community relations and emotional attachments to the family and neighbors mediate the redistribution of labor, land, produce and capital. We find that unequal gender relations, intersected by class, age, ethnicity and caste, are reproduced in collective action, land tenure and water management, and argue that a critical feminist perspective can support a more reflective and relational understanding of collective farming processes. Our analysis demonstrates that feminist political ecology can complement commons studies by providing meaningful insights on ambivalences around approaches such as collective farming.
3 Wei, Y.; Lu, M.; Wu, W.; Ru, Y. 2020. Multiple factors influence the consistency of cropland datasets in Africa. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 89:102087. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2020.102087]
Farmland ; Datasets ; Land fragmentation ; Remote sensing ; Land cover mapping ; Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer ; Irrigated land ; Vegetation ; Precipitation ; Food security / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049971)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243419310463/pdfft?md5=0684753fd3e8666ecb686aa90c95632d&pid=1-s2.0-S0303243419310463-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049971.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049971.pdf
(4.01 MB) (4.01 MB)
Accurate geo-information of cropland is critical for food security strategy development and grain production management, especially in Africa continent where most countries are food-insecure. Over the past decades, a series of African cropland maps have been derived from remotely-sensed data, existing comparison studies have shown that inconsistencies with statistics and discrepancies among these products are considerable. Yet, there is a knowledge gap about the factors that influence their consistency. The aim of this study is thus to estimate the consistency of five widely-used cropland datasets (MODIS Collection 5, GlobCover 2009, GlobeLand30, CCI-LC 2010, and Unified Cropland Layer) in Africa, and to explore the effects of several limiting factors (landscape fragmentation, climate and agricultural management) on spatial consistency. The results show that total cropland area for Africa derived from GlobeLand30 has the best fitness with FAO statistics, followed by MODIS Collection 5. GlobCover 2009, CCI-LC 2010, and Unified Cropland Layer have poor performances as indicated by larger deviations from statistics. In terms of spatial consistency, disagreement is about 37.9 % at continental scale, and the disparate proportion even exceeds 50 % in approximately 1/3 of the countries at national scale. We further found that there is a strong and significant correlation between spatial agreement and cropland fragmentation, suggesting that regions with higher landscape fragmentation generally have larger disparities. It is also noticed that places with better consistency are mainly distributed in regions with favorable natural environments and sufficient agricultural management such as well-developed irrigated technology. Proportions of complete agreement are thus located in favorable climate zones including Hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa), Subtropical highland climate (Cwb), and Temperate Mediterranean climate (Csb). The level of complete agreement keeps rising as the proportion of irrigated cropland increases. Spatial agreement among these datasets has the most significant relationship with cropland fragmentation, and a relatively small association with irrigation area, followed by climate conditions. These results can provide some insights into understanding how different factors influence the consistency of cropland datasets, and making an appropriate selection when using these datasets in different regions. We suggest that future cropland mapping activities should put more effort in those regions with significant disagreement in Sub-Saharan Africa.
4 Antwi-Agyei, P.; Wiafe, E. A.; Amanor, K.; Baffour-Ata, F.; Codjoe, S. N. A. 2021. Determinants of choice of climate change adaptation practices by smallholder pineapple farmers in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 12:100140. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2021.100140]
Climate change adaptation ; Strategies ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Nonfarm income ; Forests ; Awareness ; Livelihoods ; Land fragmentation ; Land ownership ; Soil conservation ; Institutions ; Nongovernmental organizations ; Socioeconomic aspects / Ghana / Nsawam Adoagyiri
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050820)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972721000416/pdfft?md5=5f862ffcc12a0a452cd0dd452a4fde9c&pid=1-s2.0-S2665972721000416-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050820.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050820.pdf
(1.60 MB) (1.60 MB)
This paper explored the extent to which the awareness of climate change affects the choice of climate change adaptation practice by smallholder pineapple farmers. This study used a cross-sectional data collected from 150 farmers in the Nsawam Adoagyiri Municipality, Ghana. We applied the Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to identify sub-population of pineapple farmers based on their awareness levels of climate change and socioeconomic characteristics. We then used a multinomial logistic regression to examine the extent to which differences in climate change awareness influence adaptation choices. Results indicated that, smallholder pineapple farmers are well aware of climate change and perceived changes in rainfall and temperature patterns. Further, the findings revealed that smallholder pineapple farmers are implementing a host of on-farm and off-farm climate change adaptation practices including irrigation, adjusting planting time, land fragmentation, the use of agro-ecological knowledge, and seasonal migration. The LCA identified three subgroups of smallholder pineapple farmers based on their level of awareness of climate change – strong climate change awareness group (n = 111; 74%), moderate climate change awareness group (n = 18; 12%) and poor climate change awareness group (n = 21; 14%). Results showed marginal differences in the adoption rate of adaptation practices across the observed subgroups of farmers. We identified that institutional factors including the quality of climate information, quality of extension services, access to credit, education and access to extension services have a stronger effect on climate change awareness and the choice of adaptation practice compared to individual factors such as gender, marital status and farmers' age.
5 Sharofiddinov, H.; Islam, M.; Kotani, K. 2023. How does the number of water users in a land reform matter for water availability in agriculture? Agricultural Water Management, 293:108677. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108677]
Agricultural production ; Water availability ; Water allocation ; Water demand ; Land fragmentation ; Land reform ; Policies ; Water users ; Irrigation water ; Pumps ; Infrastructure ; Surface irrigation ; Food security ; Economic growth / Tajikistan / Sughd
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052610)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742400012X/pdfft?md5=b2cc7579573f6571f4273a2bf12fd7a8&pid=1-s2.0-S037837742400012X-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052610.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052610.pdf
(3.64 MB) (3.64 MB)
Land reforms have been reported to impact agriculture, economic performances and indicators of countries along with water users and allocations. However, little is known about how land fragmentation (consolidation) in land-reform processes affects water availability. This research investigates the question of “how the number of water users is related to irrigation water allocations in land reforms,” hypothesizing that an increase in the number of water users through land fragmentation poses negative threats to water allocations through the mediation of irrigation types. We conduct empirical analyses for irrigation water demand and availability, utilizing panel data for 25 years of the post-Soviet land-reform processes from 13 regions in Sughd province, Tajikistan. Two main results are obtained: First, the irrigated areas are the main drivers that increase irrigation water demand in comparison to other factors, and the impact by pump-irrigated areas is approximately 1.6 times as large as that by gravity-irrigated areas. Second, the increasing number of water users under land fragmentation in Tajikistan tends to reduce irrigation water availability, and the magnitude of reduction under pump irrigation is more significant than that under gravity irrigation. Overall, this research establishes that irrigations and the number of water users through land reforms matter for a change in water allocations, and the interactions pose particularly idiosyncratic threats to irrigation water availability. Thus, it is advisable to reassess ongoing land-reform policies incorporating the possible negative externality of land fragmentation as well as irrigation for food security and water sustainability in agriculture.
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