Your search found 32 records
1 Cai, C. 2014. Women's role in sustainable agriculture in Asia and the Pacific. Palawija Newsletter, 31(3):6-8.
Sustainable agriculture ; Gender ; Role of women ; Female labor ; Rural development ; Empowerment ; Policy / Asia / Pacific Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8156 Record No: H046973)
(0.76 MB) (1.46 MB)
2 Stulina, G. V. 2015. Role of women in the irrigated agriculture sector in the Fergana Valley: findings of field surveys. Irrigation and Drainage, 64(4):491-500. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1919]
Irrigated farming ; Gender ; Role of women ; Agricultural sector ; Women farmers ; Water management ; Water user associations ; Rural population ; Households ; Socioeconomic environment ; Surveys ; Training / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Kyrgyzstan / Tajikistan / Fergana Valley
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047436)
(4.00 MB)
Since 2008 the Scientific-Information Centre of the Interstate Coordination Water Commission of Central Asia (SIC ICWC) has been actively attempting to draw greater attention to the role of women in water management and irrigated farming, taking into consideration the specificity of current demographic and ecological conditions in the rural areas. In the past and at present, women’s labour is widely used in the irrigated agriculture sector, especially for cultivating crops on household plots where they perform heavy manual work, particularly during harvesting. At the same time the current stratification of the rural population and the significant migration of men outside Central Asian countries as temporary wage workers have additionally increased the burden on women’s shoulders of having full responsibility for maintaining their families and for childcare. In the process of its researches related to gender mainstreaming, the SIC ICWC uses direct working with women associated with enhancing their awareness and aimed at their involvement in the Women’s Movement Network and special training for women engaged in the water management sector or irrigated farming. This paper presents the findings of such researches conducted in the Fergana Valley in the framework of different pilot projects.
3 de Silva, A. 2014. Recall of malaria incidents as a measure of health attentiveness of women and men in rural Sri Lanka. Modern Sri Lanka Studies, 5(1-2),43-68.
Malaria ; Public health ; Waterborne diseases ; Rural areas ; Households ; Gender ; Role of women ; Men ; Disease control ; Social aspects / Sri Lanka / Kataragama
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047616)
(1.31 MB)
This paper reports on findings from a survey in Kataragama, Sri Lanka of the recalling of incidences of malaria. The survey was conducted in 1994, when the disease was endemic in the area. The findings were that females were better than males in recalling malaria incidents that had occurred during the previous three months. This paper argues that male/female differences in recalling malaria incidence are a consequence of the social construction of gender, particularly in relation to disease perception, caring for children, treatment seeking and preventive behaviours at the household level. The findings of this study have implications for malaria control programs, particularly at community and household levels. The paper concludes that the principal female in the household, who typically displays a high degree of attentiveness to health issues, could be effectively used for community and household disease control programs aimed at reducing the gap between the onset of the disease and treatment seeking as a means to contain the parasite reservoir of patients.
4 Sullivan, A.; Odonkor, E.; de Haan, Nicoline. 2016. Poverty, vulnerability and livelihoods in the Volta Basin: a gendered analysis. In Williams, Timothy O.; Mul, Marloes L.; Biney, C. A.; Smakhtin, Vladimir (Eds.). The Volta River Basin: water for food, economic growth and environment. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.95-107.
Poverty ; Living standards ; River basins ; Gender ; Role of women ; Rural communities ; Households ; Cropping systems ; Food security ; Labour / West Africa / Benin / Burkina Faso / Ivory Coast / Ghana / Mali / Togo / Volta River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047727)
5 Swaminathan, M. S. 2015. Combating hunger and achieving food security. New Delhi, India: Cambridge University Press. 167p.
Food security ; Nutrition ; Right to food ; Food wastes ; Hunger ; Famine ; Agricultural development ; Alternative agriculture ; Heritability ; Ecology ; Biodiversity conservation ; Biofuels ; Agricultural production ; Crop yield ; Rice ; Wheat ; Agricultural research ; Livestock production ; Aquaculture ; Monsoon climate ; Sustainability ; Agrarian reform ; Role of women ; Social security ; Child care ; Youth ; Financial institutions ; Inflation / India / Bengal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.80954 G635 SWA Record No: H047806)
(0.28 MB)
6 Balasubramanya, Soumya; Buisson, Marie-Charlotte; Saikia, Panchali; MacDonald, K.; Aslamy, Sohrob; Horbulyk, Theodore; Hannah, C.; Yakubov, Murat; Platonov, Alexander. 2016. Impact of water-user associations on water and land productivity, equity, and food security in Tajikistan. Baseline Technical Report. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 131p.
Water user associations ; Water productivity ; Water management ; Water governance ; Watercourses ; Water supply ; Waterlogging ; Land productivity ; Equity ; Food security ; Gender ; Role of women ; Women's participation ; Agricultural sector ; Cotton industry ; Impact assessment ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation water ; Infrastructure ; Canals ; Financing ; Crop yield ; Cultivated land ; Farm area ; Private farms ; Living standards / Tajikistan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047847)
(1.81 MB)
7 Buisson, Marie-Charlotte; MacDonald, K.; Saikia, Panchali; Balasubramanya, Soumya; Aslamy, Sohrob; Horbulyk, Theodore. 2016. Impact of water users associations on water and land productivity, equity and food security in Tajikistan. Mid-term Technical Report. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 102p.
Water user associations ; Water productivity ; Water governance ; Water management ; Water availability ; Water supply ; Water rates ; Land productivity ; Equity ; Food security ; Household food security ; Role of women ; Women's participation ; Female labour ; Farmers ; Irrigation water ; Irrigation management ; Small scale farming ; Agriculture ; Cultivated land ; Private farm ; Field preparation ; Decision making ; Community organizations ; Crops ; Labour / Tajikistan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047854)
(3.57 MB)
8 Leder, Stephanie; Das, Dipika; Reckers, Andrew; Karki, Emma. 2016. Participatory gender training for community groups: a manual for critical discussions on gender norms, roles and relations. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE); International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 50p.
Participatory management ; Gender ; Rural communities ; Community management ; Community involvement ; Households ; Role of women ; Social participation ; Social structure ; Farmer participation ; Empowerment ; Water management ; Agriculture / India / Nepal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047950)
9 Flato, M.; Muttarak, R.; Pelser, A. 2017. Women, weather, and woes: the triangular dynamics of female-headed households, economic vulnerability, and climate variability in South Africa. World Development, 90:41-62. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.08.015]
Gender ; Role of women ; Women's participation ; Men ; Equity ; Households ; Climate change ; Weather ; Rain ; Labor ; Agriculture ; Economic situation ; Income ; Poverty ; Socioeconomic environment ; Demography ; Regression analysis / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048003)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X16304430/pdfft?md5=6fdbdaeee17ef39e45995508f2550461&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X16304430-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048003.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048003.pdf
(0.96 MB) (976 KB)
Existing gender inequality is believed to be heightened as a result of weather events and climate-related disasters that are likely to become more common in the future. We show that an already marginalized group—female-headed households in South Africa—is differentially affected by relatively modest levels of variation in rainfall, which households experience on a year-to-year basis. Data from three waves of the National Income Dynamics Survey in South Africa allow us to follow incomes of 4,162 households from 2006 to 2012. By observing how household income is affected by variation in rainfall relative to what is normally experienced during the rainy season in each district, our study employs a series of naturally occurring experiments that allow us to identify causal effects. We find that households where a single head can be identified based on residency or work status are more vulnerable to climate variability than households headed by two adults. Single male-headed households are more vulnerable because of lower initial earnings and, to a lesser extent, other household characteristics that contribute to economic disadvantages. However, this can only explain some of the differential vulnerability of female-headed households. This suggests that there are traits specific to female-headed households, such as limited access to protective social networks or other coping strategies, which makes this an important dimension of marginalization to consider for further research and policy in South Africa and other national contexts. Households headed by widows, never-married women, and women with a non-resident spouse (e.g., ‘‘left-behind” migrant households) are particularly vulnerable. We find vulnerable households only in districts where rainfall has a large effect on agricultural yields, and female-headed households remain vulnerable when accounting for dynamic impacts of rainfall on income.
10 Leder, Stephanie; Clement, Floriane; Karki, Emma. 2017. Reframing women’s empowerment in water security programmes in western Nepal. Gender and Development, 25(2):235-251. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2017.1335452]
Water security ; Gender ; Role of women ; Empowerment ; Multiple use ; Feminization ; Development programmes ; Domestic water ; Water use ; Water quality ; Water resources ; Communities ; Households ; Farmers ; Case studies / Nepal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048204)
Water security has become the new buzzword for water and development programmes in the rural South. The concept has potential to focus policymakers and practitioners on the inequalities and injustices that lie behind lack of access to affordable, safe, and clean water. The concept of women’s empowerment also provides an opportunity to do this. However, the vast majority of water security interventions using the term are apolitically and technically framed and fail to understand complex intersectional inequalities. We suspect that many of these interventions have been implemented following a business-as-usual approach with the risk of reproducing and even exacerbating existing gendered inequalities in access to and control over water. This article explores these concerns in the context of four villages in Western Nepal, where two internationally funded programmes aimed to empower women by improving access to water for both domestic and productive uses. They hoped to transform women into rural entrepreneurs and grassroots leaders. However, differences between women – such as age, marital status, caste, remittance flow, and land ownership – led to some women benefiting more than others. Water programmes must recognise and address difference between women if the poorest and most disadvantaged women are to benefit. Gender mainstreaming in the water sector needs to update its understanding of women’s empowerment in line with current feminist understandings of it as a processual, relational, and multi-dimensional concept. This means focusing on inter-household relations within communities, as well as intra-household relations. In addition, we recommend that water security programmes rely on more nuanced and context-specific understandings of women’s empowerment that go beyond enhanced access to resources and opportunities to develop agency to include social networks, critical consciousness, and values.
11 Lee, Y. J. 2017. Informing women and improving sanitation: evidence from rural India. Journal of Rural Studies, 55:203-215. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.07.012]
Sanitation ; Gender ; Role of women ; Public health ; Health hazards ; Latrines ; Access to information ; Mass media ; Rural areas ; Households ; Socioeconomic environment ; Models / India / Uttar Pradesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048317)
(0.49 MB)
A lack of access to sanitation not only has negative effects on the health outcomes of women, it adversely affects their physical security and threatens the lives of children, who are most susceptible to water-borne diseases. This paper explores the underlying conditions that improve access to basic sanitation services for women, with a particular focus on the role information has on the ownership of household latrines. Drawing from nationwide household-level panel data between 2004 and 2011 in rural India, I find that households in which women have regular access to mass media and accurate health knowledge are more likely to have latrines. I also find that women's decision-making power in the household makes a difference, but to a lesser degree. Extending this analysis with district-level data from India's sanitation campaign, the study also demonstrates that different mass media channels have distinct influences on the rural poor and non-poor. For the rural poor, where the consequences of a lack of sanitation are most acute for women, increasing latrine provision is more strongly associated with changes in radio ownership; for the non-poor television ownership has a stronger relationship. By highlighting the role of mass media in latrine ownership, and differentiating by gender, this study identifies an important mechanism that has been given less consideration in the study of women and access to basic services.
12 CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 2018. Gender-equitable pathways to achieving sustainable agricultural intensification. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 12p. (Towards Sustainable Intensification: Insights and Solutions Brief 5) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.204]
Gender equity ; Sustainable agriculture ; Agricultural training ; Intensification ; Role of women ; Women’s participation ; Smallholders ; Land resources ; Land access ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Market access ; Socioeconomic environment ; Participatory approaches ; Decision making ; Nongovernmental organizations ; Food production ; Income ; Ecosystem services ; Labour allocation ; Living standards
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048504)
(2 MB)
Women play an increasingly greater role in agriculture. Ensuring that they have opportunities—equal to those of men—to participate in transforming agriculture is a prerequisite for sustainable intensification. Increased gender equity in agriculture is both a practical and a social justice issue: practical because women are responsible for much of the production by smallholders; and social justice because in many cases they currently do not have rights over land and water resources, nor full access to markets, and often they do not even control the crops they produce. Strategies to promote gender equity must be tailored carefully to the social and economic context.
13 Joshi, N. M.; Subedee, S.; Pandey, D. R. (Eds.) 2017. Proceedings of the Seventh International Seminar on Irrigation in Local Adaptation and Resilience, Kathmandu, Nepal, 11-12 April 2017. Kathmandu, Nepal: Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems Promotion Trust. 348p.
Irrigation systems ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation practices ; Drip irrigation ; Farmer managed irrigation systems ; Climate change ; Climatic factors ; Small scale systems ; Water management ; Water availability ; Water distribution ; Water resources ; Water security ; Water governance ; Economic impact ; Multiple use ; Financing ; Highlands ; Sustainability ; Solar energy ; Economic aspects ; Cost benefit analysis ; Rural areas ; Food security ; Municipal authorities ; Socioeconomic environment ; Gender ; Women's participation ; Role of women ; Equity ; Decentralization ; Planning ; Case studies / Nepal / Nawalparasi District / Chiang Mai / Kapilavastu / Mae Rim District / Dhikurpokhari / Kaski / Andhikhola River Basin / Chapakot Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.913 G000 JOS Record No: H048568)
14 Nigussie, Likimyelesh; Barron, Jennie; Haile, Alemseged Tamiru; Lefore, Nicole; Gowing, J. 2018. Gender dimensions of community-based groundwater governance in Ethiopia: using citizen science as an entry point. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 24p. (IWMI Working Paper 184) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.222]
Gender ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater development ; Water governance ; Water security ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water availability ; Water use ; Community involvement ; Citizen participation ; Participatory approaches ; Monitoring ; Role of women ; Women’s participation ; Equity ; Empowerment ; Sustainability ; Decision making ; Natural resources management ; Wells / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048928)
(1 MB)
Understanding the gender dimensions of community-based groundwater governance is important because men and women differ in their need for and having access to groundwater, and their participation in the development, management and monitoring of the resource. The leading role played by women in obtaining and safeguarding water is not usually reflected in the institutional arrangements for water management. Addressing this gender inequality could lead to the equal participation of men and women in monitoring and sustainable management of groundwater, and women’s empowerment. This paper explores gender aspects of community-based groundwater governance in Dangeshta and Farawocha kebeles in Dangila and Boloso Bombe woredas, respectively, in Ethiopia. The findings suggest that women place a high value on groundwater and could be motivated to play a greater role in governance of the resource. However, the constraints they face in participating in groundwater development and management, particularly exclusion from decision-making, suggest that their effective participation and leadership could be significantly curtailed without specific interventions. Indeed, this is reflected in women’s willingness to participate in groundwater monitoring, as well as men’s reluctance to allow their wives to participate. This is in contrast to a high number of men willing to participate. Citizen science as an entry point for community-based groundwater governance relies on (i) the active involvement of myriad actors (including men and women citizens) whose actions interact with the hydrological processes; and (ii) volunteer interest (i.e., willingness to participate). A gender-sensitive approach to programs, gender awareness training, and partnerships with organizations working for women’s empowerment, natural resource management and adult literacy are recommended to support a citizen science approach to groundwater monitoring.
15 Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.) 2018. Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 96p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.226]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Bioenergy ; Gender ; Role of women ; Equity ; Poverty ; Energy generation ; Energy demand ; Energy resources ; Renewable energy ; Cooking ; Heating ; Waste management ; Human wastes ; Excreta ; Fuels ; Briquettes ; Business enterprises ; Marketing ; Sanitation ; Urban areas ; Households ; Refugees ; Supply chain ; Production factors ; Health hazards ; Economic impact ; Biogas ; Biochar ; Biomass ; Investment ; Empowerment ; Living standards ; Farmers organizations ; Biodigesters ; Gasifiers ; Community involvement ; Research and development ; Case studies / Africa South of Sahara / Uganda / Ghana / Kenya
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048999)
(3 MB)
There is a strong link between gender and energy in view of food preparation and the acquisition of fuel, especially in rural areas. This is demonstrated in a range of case studies from East and West Africa, where biochar, human waste and other waste resources have been used to produce briquettes or biogas as additional high-quality fuel sources. The synthesis of the cases concludes that resource recovery and reuse for energy offers an alternative to conventional centralized grid projects which, while attractive to investors and large-scale enterprises, do not necessarily provide job opportunities for marginalized communities. Reusing locally available waste materials for energy production and as soil ameliorant (in the case of biochar) in small enterprises allows women and youth who lack business capital to begin modest, locally viable businesses. The case studies offer concrete examples of small-scale solutions to energy poverty that can make a significant difference to the lives of women and their communities.
16 Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Amewu, S.; Njenga, M. 2018. Adoption and economic impact of briquettes as cooking fuel: the case of women fish smokers in Ghana. In Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.). Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.25-31. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue)
Economic impact ; Briquettes ; Cooking ; Heating ; Energy sources ; Fuels ; Role of women ; Food processing ; Food preservation ; Fish ; Fuelwood ; Charcoal ; Biomass ; Rural areas ; Socioeconomic environment ; Household consumption ; Local communities ; Health hazards ; Climate change ; Policy making ; Case studies / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049000)
(468 KB)
17 Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Taron, A.; Odero, J.; Njenga, M. 2018. An assessment of the business environment for waste-to-energy enterprises and how it affects women entrepreneurs in Kenya. In Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.). Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.41-47. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue)
Business enterprises ; Business management ; Waste management ; Energy management ; Gender ; Entrepreneurs ; Role of women ; Resource recovery ; Investment ; Infrastructure ; Financing ; Loans / Kenya
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049001)
(404 KB)
18 Okello, G.; Tumwesige, V.; Angura, R.; Nasige, D.; Kyomugisha, D.; Njenga, M. 2018. The impact of gendered roles in the briquette production and supply chain: lessons learned from Green Heat Ltd, Uganda. In Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.). Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.17-22. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue)
Gender ; Role of women ; Supply chain ; Briquettes ; Raw materials ; Health hazards ; Enterprises ; Household consumption ; Income / Uganda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049004)
(406 KB)
19 Libaisi, J.; Njenga, M. 2018. Biogas as a smart investment for women’s empowerment and livelihood enhancement. In Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.). Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.33-38. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue)
Role of women ; Empowerment ; Living standards ; Biogas ; Investment ; Cooking ; Fuel consumption ; Biodigesters ; Farmers organizations ; Households ; Fuelwood
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049005)
(406 KB)
20 Gitau, J. K.; Mendum, R.; Njenga, M. 2018. Gender and improvement of cooking systems with biochar-producing gasifier stoves. In Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.). Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.49-57. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue)
Energy generation ; Gender ; Cooking ; Biochar ; Gasifiers ; Stoves ; Biomass ; Charcoal ; Fuelwood ; Household consumption ; Role of women ; Learning ; Byproducts
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049006)
(544 KB)
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