Your search found 180 records
1 Alemayehu, T.; McCartney, Matthew; Kebede, S. 2010. The water resource implications of planned development in the Lake Tana catchment, Ethiopia. Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology, 10(2-4):211-222. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10104-011-0023-6]
Water resources development ; Lakes ; Catchment areas ; Water levels ; Models ; Water demand / Ethiopia / Lake Tana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044018)
(0.61 MB)
The water resources of the Lake Tana catchment are largely untapped. Currently,water resource development is being promoted to stimulate economic growth. This study utilized the WEAP model to determine the likely impact of a number of possible development scenarios on lake water levels. For each scenario, the model was used to simulate water demand in three sectors (i.e. irrigation, hydropower and downstream environmental flows) over a 36-year period of varying flow and rainfall. The simulation results revealed that if all the planned development occurs on average 2198 GWhy-1 power could be generated and 677 Mm3 y-1 of water supplied to irrigation schemes. However, the mean annual water level of the lake would be lowered by 0.44 meters. As well as adverse ecological impacts this would have significant implications for shipping and the livelihoods of local people.
2 Raz, E. 2009. The future of the Dead Sea: is the Red Sea-Dead Sea conduit the right solution? In Lipchin, C.; Sandler, D.; Cushman, E. (Eds.). The Jordan River and Dead Sea Basin: cooperation amid conflict. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.189-212. (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series - C: Environmental Security)
Water balance ; Canals ; Environmental effects ; Social aspects ; Water levels / Israel / Jordan / Red Sea / Dead Sea
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.9162 G698 LIP Record No: H044182)
3 McCartney, Matthew P.; Reis, J.; Kibret, S.; Lautze, Jonathan; Culver, T. 2011. Manipulating dam operation for malaria control: an investigation of the Koka dam, Ethiopia. Paper presented at the HYDRO 2011 Conference, Prague, Czech Republic, 17-19 October 2011. 8p.
Dam construction ; Reservoirs ; Waterborne diseases ; Malaria ; Anopheles ; Water levels / Africa / Ethiopia / Koka dam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044456)
4 Xiao, B.; Wan, F.; Wu, C.; Zhang, K. 2006. River cross-section surveying using RTK technology: the Yangtze River Project case study [China]. Coordinates, 11(12):12-17.
Rivers ; Case studies ; Technology ; Global positioning systems ; Surveys ; Flooding ; Water levels / China / Yangtze River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044777)
http://mycoordinates.org/river-cross-section-surveying-using-rtk-technology/all/1/
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044777.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044777.pdf
(1.03 MB)
5 Elsheikh, A. E. M.; Zeinelabdein, K. A. E.; Elobeid, S. A. 2011. Groundwater budget for the upper and middle parts of the River Gash Basin Eastern Sudan. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 4(3-4):567-574. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-010-0184-4]
Groundwater ; River basins ; Alluvial aquifers ; Water resources ; Meteorological data ; Surface water ; Water levels / Eastern Sudan / Gash River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044942)
(0.33 MB)
The River Gash Basin is filled by the Quaternary alluvial deposits, unconformably overlying the basement rocks. The alluvial deposits are composed mainly of unconsolidated layers of gravel, sand, silt, and clays. The aquifer is unconfined and is laterally bounded by the impermeable Neogene clays. The methods used in this study include the carry out of pumping tests and the analysis of well inventory data in addition to the river discharge rates and other meteorological data. The average annual discharge of the River Gash is estimated to be 1,056 × 106 m3 at El Gera gage station (upstream) and 587 × 106 m3 at Salam-Alikum gage station (downstream). The annual loss mounts up to 40% of the total discharge. The water loss is attributed to infiltration and evapotranspiration. The present study proofs that the hydraulic conductivity ranges from 36 to 105 m/day, whereas the transmissivity ranges from 328 to 1,677 m2/day. The monitoring of groundwater level measurements indicates that the water table rises during the rainy season by 9 m in the upstream and 6 m in the midstream areas. The storage capacity of the upper and middle parts of the River Gash Basin is calculated as 502 × 106 m3. The groundwater input reach 386.11 × 106 m3/year, while the groundwater output is calculated as 365.98 × 106 m3/year. The estimated difference between the input and output water quantities in the upper and middle parts of the River Gash Basin demonstrates a positive groundwater budget by about 20 × 106 m3/year
6 Chemin, Yann; Phupak, S. 2012. Spatio-temporal patterns of rice submergence in north-eastern Thailand with TERRA-MODIS. Paper presented at the 33rd Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, Pattaya, Thailand, 26-30 November 2012. 8p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045584)
Rice submergence is the condition by which the water level rises above the rice crop canopy. In general,rice plant response to submergence is to elongate its shoots above the rising water level. This costs in energy andeventually has a direct impact in terms of reducing yields. A specific gene, called Sub1, when introgressed intopopular rice varieties by Marker Assisted Back-crossing, nearly stops the natural elongation process and permits agiven local rice variety to sustain submerged conditions for a generally recognized period of about 2 weeks. Plantbreeders now look for well-identified and location-accurate submergence areas in order to disseminate suchimproved local rice varieties. Remote sensing is proposed to provide surface water maps at high temporalresolution, determining a percentage of occurrences of surface water for a given pixel. Occurrence is defined as thecount of days of identified surface water within a given period, returned in a percentage on that period. Rice areamaps and knowledge of crop calendars are proposed to add to the assessment of submergence prone areas in theNortheastern Thailand.
7 Forkuor, Gerald; Pavelic, Paul; Asare, E.; Obuobie, E. 2013. Modelling potential areas of groundwater development for agriculture in northern Ghana using GIS/RS. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58(2):437-451. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2012.754101]
Groundwater development ; Water availability ; Water levels ; Agriculture ; GIS ; Remote sensing ; Models ; Sedimentary materials ; Recharge ; Aquifers ; Hydrogeology ; Maps / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045707)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02626667.2012.754101
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045707.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045707.pdf
(2.32 MB) (2.31MB)
Groundwater development potential in northern Ghana (108 671 km2) has been assessed by combining spatial layers for five critical factors—recharge rate, regolith thickness, transmissivity, borehole success rate and static water level—through a multi-criteria analysis approach to rank development potential from the viewpoint of groundwater availability and accessibility at a resolution of 1 km2. The results indicate a high potential for development in the study area, as about 70% of the area was found to have high to moderate groundwater availability, while 83% has high to medium groundwater accessibility. Comparing the two main hydrogeological environments, the Precambrian Basement rocks (PCB) area was found to generally have a higher groundwater development potential than the Voltaian Sedimentary rocks (VSB). More detailed investigation revealed that the VSB can produce a small proportion of exceptionally high-yielding boreholes that can support large-scale irrigation. A test of the reliability of results showed that generally, the majority of high- and low-yielding boreholes fall in areas predicted by the model as having high and low groundwater availability, respectively.
8 Muddu, S.; Javeed, Y.; Bandyopadhyay, S.; Mangiarotti, S.; Mazzega, P. 2011. Groundwater management practices and emerging challenges: lessons from a case study in the Karnataka state of South India. In Findikakis, A. N.; Sato, K. Groundwater management practices. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press - Balkema. pp.57-81. (IAHR Monograph)
Groundwater management ; Aquifers ; Water policy ; Environmental effects ; Social aspects ; River basins ; Irrigated farming ; Water levels ; Watersheds ; Rain ; Land use ; Case studies / South India / Karnataka State / Kabini River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 FIN Record No: H045648)
9 Li, J.; Sheng, Z. 2011. Geological hazards due to groundwater pumping and/or artificial recharge. In Findikakis, A. N.; Sato, K. Groundwater management practices. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press - Balkema. pp.237-281. (IAHR Monograph)
Groundwater recharge ; Artificial recharge ; Groundwater extraction ; Pumping ; Aquifers ; Geology ; Hazards ; Subsidence ; Environmental effects ; Flow discharge ; Recharge ; Coastal area ; Salt water intrusion ; Economic aspects ; Social aspects ; Water levels / USA / Las Vegas / Nevada / Texas / Florida / California
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 FIN Record No: H045660)
10 Sophocleous, M. 2011. Groundwater legal framework and management practices in the high plains aquifer, USA. In Findikakis, A. N.; Sato, K. Groundwater management practices. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press - Balkema. pp.325-366. (IAHR Monograph)
Groundwater management ; Groundwater extraction ; Aquifers ; Plains ; Legal aspects ; Water rights ; Water levels ; Water allocation ; Models ; Climate change ; Government departments / USA / Texas / Oklahoma / Colorado / New Mexico / Kansas / Nebraska
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 FIN Record No: H045664)
11 Lacombe, Guillaume; Pierret, A. 2013. Hydrological impact of war-induced deforestation in the Mekong Basin. Ecohydrology, 6(5):901-903. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1395]
Deforestation ; Hydrological factors ; River basins ; Data ; Water levels ; Flow discharge ; Rain ; Land cover / South East Asia / Mekong River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045860)
(1.13 MB)
The Vietnam War played a decisive role in the pre-1990s deforestation of the lower Mekong Basin, which in turn likely influenced regional broad-scale hydrology. This note presents and discusses new analyses that strengthen this thesis. Although concurrent overestimation of discharge and underestimation of rainfall, a couple of years after bombing climaxed in the early 1970s, could theoretically explain the sharp rise in water yield previously attributed to bomb-induced deforestation, new observations suggest that bombing has durably modified the landscape: by 2002, degraded forests still largely overlapped with areas heavily bombed 30 years earlier. This corroborates observed long-term hydrological changes and suggests that warfare-induced deforestation has more profound and durable hydrological effects than previously thought.
12 Ochoa, C. G.; Fernald, A. G.; Guldan, S. J. 2011. Deep percolation from surface irrigation: measurement and modelling Using the RZWQM [Root Zone Water Quality Model] In Shukla, M. K. (Ed.) Soil hydrology, land use and agriculture: measurement and modelling. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.231-252.
Surface irrigation ; Percolation ; Soil water ; Irrigation water ; Models ; Rhizosphere ; Measurement ; Water balance ; Water levels ; Water quality ; Water levels ; Meteorological stations
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H045782)
13 Bloschl, G.; Sivapalan, M.; Wagener, T.; Viglione, A.; Savenije, H. (Eds.) 2013. Runoff prediction in ungauged basins: synthesis across processes, places and scales. New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. 462p.
River basins ; Runoff ; Data ; Frameworks ; Hydrology ; Forecasting ; Assessment ; Catchment areas ; Water storage ; Water levels ; Water balance ; Flow discharge ; Water power ; Precipitation ; Evaporation ; Soil moisture ; Remote sensing ; Land cover ; Land use ; Geology ; Environmental flows ; Rain ; Floods ; Reservoirs ; Case studies ; Models / South East Asia / India / China / Russia / Canada / South Africa / Lesotho / USA / Italy / Austria / Chile / France / Zambia / Ghana / Zimbabwe / Australia / Sweden / Krishna Basin / Huangshui River Basin / Siberian Catchment / Andean Catchment / Luangwa Basin / Mekong River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.488 G000 BLO Record No: H046226)
(0.54 MB)
14 Sene, K. 2010. Hydrometeorology: forecasting and applications. London, UK: Springer. 355p.
Hydrometeorology ; Hydrology ; Weather forecasting ; Radar satellite ; Meteorological stations ; Climate change ; Rain ; Runoff ; Water levels ; Water quality ; Water supply ; Water power ; Water demand ; Rivers ; Flow discharge ; Catchment areas ; Monitoring ; Models ; Energy generation ; Decision support systems ; Flooding ; Drought ; Snowmelt ; Reservoirs ; Dams ; Drainage systems ; Environmental impact ; Lakes ; Risk management ; Early warning systems
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.57 G000 SEN Record No: H046312)
(0.35 MB)
15 Werner, A. D.; Dang, L. D. 2013. Three-dimensional seawater intrusion modelling of Uley South Basin, South Australia. In Wetzelhuetter, C. (Ed.). Groundwater in the coastal zones of Asia-Pacific. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.177-203. (Coastal Research Library Volume 7)
Groundwater ; Salt water intrusion ; Models ; Calibration ; Aquifers ; Water supply ; Water levels ; Pumping ; Wells ; River basins ; Climate change / Australia / Uley Basin / Eyre Peninsula
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.457 G570 WET Record No: H046333)
Groundwater in the Uley South basin is a vital source of water supply in the Eyre Peninsula, providing approximately 70 % of the region’s reticulated water. The groundwater resources are at risk of seawater intrusion given that the aquifer is in direct contact with the sea, and that a general lowering of hydraulic heads has occurred over the past two decades. Seawater intrusion has not been investigated thoroughly in Uley South basin; a similar situation for many of Australia’s coastal aquifers. This study develops a three-dimensional seawater intrusion model of Uley South basin using the code MODHMS. The modelling simulates for the first time the current extent of seawater in the aquifer, the temporal salinity variability, and the susceptibility of the aquifer to seawater intrusion, and as such, the model is a significant step forward beyond previous modelling attempts, providing important insights into salinity distributions and salinity mobility. While it is limited by the available information at the time, comparisons with alternative attempts at salinity measurements (e.g. an AEM survey) show a relatively close match between simulated and observed salinities; an encouraging result given well-documented uncertainties in seawater intrusion modelling. Simulations explore the effects of alternative pumping regimes, reduced recharge, and seasonality and other temporal variability effects on seawater intrusion that cannot be assessed using other methods. The impacts of pumping and recharge changes under climate variability are distinguished; both forms of aquifer stress potentially impact on heads and salinities to somewhat similar extents. The ability of the system to recover from long-term pumping is also assessed. At the basin scale, historical changes in the position of the freshwater-seawater interface are mostly localised due to the shape of the aquifer near the coastline (i.e. basement sloping towards the sea). However, the model predicts that some near-coastal piezometers may show increasing salinity trends in the future if current pumping practices continue, and in particular if recharge diminishes under climate change. A comparison between highly dynamic and averaged-stress conditions demonstrates that seasonality is a minor controlling factor in seawater intrusion trends. Aquifer recovery times exceed the periods during which the pumping stresses that induce seawater intrusion are applied. This occurs because cycles of pumping and recovery widen the transition zone between freshwater and seawater, and a large mass of salt remains in the aquifer even after an extensive recovery period.
16 Morgan, L. K.; Werner, A. D.; Morris, M. J.; Teubner, M. D. 2013. Application of a rapid-assessment method for seawater intrusion vulnerability: Willunga Basin, South Australia. In Wetzelhuetter, C. (Ed.). Groundwater in the coastal zones of Asia-Pacific. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.205-225. (Coastal Research Library Volume 7)
Salt water intrusion ; Water quality ; Water security ; Water levels ; Coastal area ; Aquifers ; Sea level ; Irrigated farming ; Hydrogeology ; Indicators / Australia / Willunga Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.457 G570 WET Record No: H046334)
Seawater intrusion (SWI) causes degradation of water quality and loss of water security in coastal aquifers. Although the threat of SWI has been reported in all of the Australian states and the Northern Territory, comprehensive investigations of SWI are relatively uncommon because SWI is a complex process that can be difficult and expensive to characterise. The current study involves the application of a first-order method developed recently by Werner et al. (Ground Water 50(1):48–58, 2012) for rapidly assessing SWI vulnerability. The method improves on previous approaches for the rapid assessment of large-scale SWI vulnerability, because it is theoretically based and requires limited data, although it has not been widely applied. In this study, the Werner et al. (Ground Water 50(1):48–58, 2012) method is applied to the Willunga Basin, South Australia to explore SWI vulnerability arising from extraction, recharge change and sea-level rise (SLR). The Willunga Basin is a multi-aquifer system comprising the unconfined Quaternary (Qa) aquifer, confined Port Willunga Formation (PWF) aquifer and confined Maslin Sands (MS) aquifer. Groundwater is extracted from the PWF and MS aquifers for irrigated agriculture. In the Qa aquifer, the extent of SWI under current conditions was found to be small and SWI vulnerability, in general, was relatively low. For the PWF, SWI extent was found to be large and SWI is likely to be active due to change in heads since pre-development. Anecdotal evidence from recent drilling in the PWF suggests a seawater wedge at least 2 km from the coast. A relatively high vulnerability to future stresses was determined for the PWF, with key SWI drivers being SLR (under head-controlled conditions, which occur when pumping controls aquifer heads) and changes in flows at the inland boundary (as might occur if extraction increases). The MS aquifer was found to be highly vulnerable because it has unstable interface conditions, with active SWI likely. Limitations of the vulnerability indicators method, associated with the sharp-interface and steady-state assumptions, are addressed using numerical modelling to explore transient, dispersive SWI caused by SLR of 0.88 m. Both instantaneous and gradual (linear rise over 90 years) SLR impacts are evaluated for the Qa and PWF aquifers. A maximum change in wedge toe of 50 m occurred within 40 years (for instantaneous SLR) and 100 years (for gradual SLR) in the Qa. In the PWF, change in wedge toe was about 410 and 230 m after 100 years, for instantaneous and gradual SLR, respectively. Steady state had not been reached after 450 years in the PWF. Analysis of SLR in the MS was not possible due to unstable interface conditions. In general, results of this study highlight the need for further detailed investigation of SWI in the PWF and MS aquifers. Establishing the extent of SWI under current conditions is the main priority for both the PWF and MS aquifers. An important element of this involves research into the offshore extent of these aquifers. Further, predictions of SWI in the PWF should consider future extraction and SLR scenarios in the first instance. A field-based investigation of the Willunga aquifer is ongoing, and the current study provides guidance for well installation and for future data collection.
17 Sheriff, M.; Almulla, M.; Shetty, A. 2013. Seawater intrusion assessment and mitigation in the coastal aquifer of Wadi Ham. In Wetzelhuetter, C. (Ed.). Groundwater in the coastal zones of Asia-Pacific. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.271-294. (Coastal Research Library Volume 7)
Salt water intrusion ; Assessment ; Coastal area ; Aquifers ; Groundwater ; Water levels ; Models ; Calibration ; Hydrogeology ; Geology ; Pumping ; Artificial recharge ; Wells / United Arab Emirates / Wadi Ham Aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.457 G570 WET Record No: H046337)
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) typifies an arid environment with limited freshwater resources and harsh climatic conditions. Rainfall is scarce, random and can be regarded as an integral element of the water resources at UAE. Groundwater resources, although non-renewable, contribute by more than 50 % of the total water demand in the country. Due to the excessive pumping of groundwater to meet the agriculture demands, groundwater levels have declined in the coastal aquifer of Wadi Ham and the quality of the water has deteriorated due to the seawater intrusion problem. In this study, MODFLOW and MT3D are employed to simulate the groundwater flow and assess the seawater intrusion problem in Wadi Ham and possible mitigation measures. The flow model was calibrated and validated through comparisons with two independent sets of data collected over periods of 5 and 11 years, respectively. The results of the transport model were calibrated against available groundwater concentrations at some locations. The developed model is then used to study the effects of pumping and artificial recharge on seawater intrusion. Results indicated that reducing the pumping from Khalba well field will retard the seawater intrusion in the southeastern part of the aquifer. Applying artificial recharge through a surface basin of 100 × 100 m at a rate of 1 m/day will cause equi-concentration contour line 10,000 mg/l to retreat about 1.25 km towards the coast within a period of 12 years.
18 Mikunthan, T.; Vithanage, M.; Pathmarajah, S.; Arasalingam, Sutharsiny; Ariyaratne, Ranjith; Manthrithilake, Herath. 2013. Hydrogeochemical characterization of Jaffna’s aquifer systems in Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 69p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2014.001]
Hydrology ; Geochemistry ; Aquifers ; Groundwater recharge ; Water quality ; Water levels ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Contamination ; Drinking water ; Evapotranspiration ; Wells ; Soils ; Land use ; Rainfall patterns / Sri Lanka / Jaffna Peninsula / Chunnakam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046389)
(7 MB)
19 Prathapar, Sanmugam A.; Bawain, A. A. 2014. Impact of sedimentation on groundwater recharge at Sahalanowt Dam, Salalah, Oman. Technical note. Water International, 39(3):381-393. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/02508060.2014.895889]
Groundwater recharge ; Sedimentation ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Dams ; Reservoirs ; Infiltration ; Models ; Water levels ; Flooding / Oman / Salalah / Sahalanowt Dam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046392)
(0.37 MB)
Recharge dams in Oman detain floods to recharge groundwater. The impact of sedimentation on recharge at Wadi Sahalanowt Recharge Dam, in Salalah, Oman, was evaluated using field data and numerical modelling. Analysis of the thickness of sediments after flood events shows that maximum depositions were at the same locations after each event, coinciding with the lowest positions in the wadi. Numerical modelling suggests that the current practice of periodic removal of sediments will restore the storage capacity of the reservoir, but that ploughing or raking of the underlying native sedimentary rocks could be required to significantly improve infiltration rates.
20 Shah, Tushaar. 2013. Groundwater governance in Sri Lanka: lessons from around the world. Keynote address. In International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Proceedings of the National Seminar on Groundwater Governance in Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 15 August 2013. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.9-20.
Groundwater irrigation ; Water governance ; Water use ; Water levels ; Wells ; Arid zones / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046399)
(0.4 MB)
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