Your search found 7 records
1 Uiterweer, N. C. P.; Zwarteveen, M. Z.; Veldwisch, G. J.; van Koppen, Barbara. 2006. Redressing inequities through domestic water supply: a 'poor' example from Sekhukhune, South Africa. In Perret, S.; Farolfi, S.; Hassan, R. (Eds.). Water governance for sustainable development. London, UK: Earthscan. pp.55-74.
Domestic water ; Water supply ; Villages ; Local government ; Water policy ; Water rates / South Africa / Sekhukhune District / Ga-Mashishi / Limpopo Province
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 PER Record No: H042552)
(1.59 MB)
2 Mollinga, P. P.; Veldwisch, G. J.. 2016. Ruling by canal: governance and system-level design characteristics of large-scale irrigation infrastructure in India and Uzbekistan. Water Alternatives, 9(2):222-249. (Special issue: Water, Infrastructure and Political Rule).
Irrigation systems ; Large scale systems ; Irrigation canals ; Infrastructure ; Governance ; Water management ; Water distribution ; Water use ; Agricultural development ; Technological changes ; Economic impact ; Political aspects ; Social aspects ; State intervention ; Case studies / India / Uzbekistan / USSR / Khorezm Irrigation System / Kurnool-Cuddapah Canal / Tungabhadra Left Bank Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047680)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/314-a9-2-4/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047680.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047680.pdf
(1.52 MB) (1.52 MB)
This paper explores the relationship between governance regime and large-scale irrigation system design by investigating three cases: 1) protective irrigation design in post-independent South India; 2) canal irrigation system design in Khorezm Province, Uzbekistan, as implemented in the USSR period, and 3) canal design by the Madras Irrigation and Canal Company, as part of an experiment to do canal irrigation development in colonial India on commercial terms in the 1850s-1860s. The mutual shaping of irrigation infrastructure design characteristics on the one hand and management requirements and conditions on the other has been documented primarily at lower, within-system levels of the irrigation systems, notably at the level of division structures. Taking a 'social construction of technology' perspective, the paper analyses the relationship between technological structures and management and governance arrangements at irrigation system level. The paper finds qualitative differences in the infrastructural configuration of the three irrigation systems expressing and facilitating particular forms of governance and rule, differences that matter for management and use, and their effects and impacts.
3 de Bont, C.; Liebrand, J.; Veldwisch, G. J.; Woodhouse, P. 2019. Modernisation and African farmer-led irrigation development: ideology, policies and practices. Water Alternatives, 12(1):107-128. (Special issue: Farmer-led Irrigation Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Investment, Policy Engagements and Agrarian Transformation).
Farmer managed irrigation systems ; Modernization ; Irrigation management ; Policies ; Irrigation practices ; Initiatives ; State intervention ; Agricultural sector ; Irrigated farming ; Households ; Case studies / Africa South of Sahara / Mozambique / Tanzania
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049113)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/volume-12/v12issue1/481-a12-1-7/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049113.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049113.pdf
(1.06 MB) (1.06 MB)
In both Mozambique and Tanzania, farmer-led development of irrigation is widespread, yet it is little recognised in irrigation policies and is under-supported by the government. This paper explores how this situation is exacerbated by modernisation ideas in irrigation policy and professional thinking. By means of a historical review, we trace modernisation thinking in irrigation development from the colonial period onwards, and analyse how this thinking continues to play out in contemporary irrigation policies in both countries. We then examine the relationship between modernisation thinking and practices of farmer-led irrigation development, drawing on policy documents, field studies, and interviews in both countries. Based on this analysis, we argue that the nature of farmer-led development of irrigation is consistent with many of the goals identified by state agricultural modernisation programmes, but not with the means by which government and state policies envisage their achievement. As a consequence, policies and state officials tend to screen out farmers’ irrigation initiatives as not relevant to development until they are brought within state-sanctioned processes of technical design and administration.
4 Wessels, M.; Veldwisch, G. J.; Kujawa, K.; Delcarme, B. 2019. Upsetting the apple cart?: export fruit production, water pollution and social unrest in the Elgin Valley, South Africa. Water International, 44(2):188-205. (Special issue: Rural-urban Water Struggles: Urbanizing Hydrosocial Territories and Evolving Connections, Discourses and Identities). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2019.1586092]
Water pollution ; Fruit products ; Apples ; Exports ; Farmers ; Equity ; Social unrest ; Water user associations ; Water quality ; Reforms ; Rural urban relations ; Political aspects ; Economic aspects ; Poverty / South Africa / Elgin Valley / Grabouw
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049165)
(1.66 MB)
This article explores the encounter between two contrasting visions of how the hydrosocial territory of the Elgin Valley of South Africa is, and should be, constituted and the conflicts over water pollution this gives rise to. It studies how poor urban dwellers try to upset the status quo of unequal access to land and water, which is linked to broader, historically entrenched, inequalities. White commercial farmers have succeeded in upholding the dominant hydro-territorial order by emphasizing the economic importance of their sector, by reducing complex political issues to technical challenges, and by capturing ‘democratic’ water institutions.
5 de Bont, C.; Komakech, H. C.; Veldwisch, G. J.. 2019. Neither modern nor traditional: farmer-led irrigation development in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. World Development, 116:15-27. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.11.018]
Farmer managed irrigation systems ; Groundwater irrigation ; Initiatives ; Traditional methods ; Modernization ; Irrigated farming ; Wells ; Food crops ; Cash crops ; Markets ; Agrarian structure ; Smallholders ; Land access ; State intervention / Africa South of Sahara / United Republic of Tanzania / Kilimanjaro / Kahe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049169)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X18304248/pdfft?md5=b48636491a19a986bdbfb32de90fda20&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X18304248-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049169.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049169.pdf
(0.91 MB) (932 KB)
The debate around what kind of irrigation, large- or small-scale, modern or traditional, best contributes to food security and rural development continues to shape irrigation policies and development in the Global South. In Tanzania, the irrigation categories of ‘modern’ and ‘traditional’ are dominating irrigation policies and are shaping interventions. In this paper, we explore what these concepts really entail in the Tanzanian context and how they relate to a case of farmer-led groundwater irrigation development in Kahe ward, Kilimanjaro Region. For our analysis, we rely on three months of qualitative fieldwork in 2016, a household questionnaire, secondary data such as policy documents and the results of a mapping exercise in 2014–2015. In the early 2000s, smallholders in Kahe started developing groundwater. This has led to a new, differentiated landscape in which different forms of agricultural production co-exist. The same set of groundwater irrigation technologies has facilitated the emergence of different classes of farmers, ranging from those engaging with subsistence farming to those doing capitalist farming. The level of inputs and integration with markets vary, as does crop choice. As such, some farms emulate the ‘modern’ ideal of commercial farming promoted by the government, while others do not, or to a lesser extent. We also find that national policy discourses on irrigation are not necessarily repeated at the local level, where interventions are strongly driven by prioritization based on conflict and funding. We conclude that the policy concepts of traditional and modern irrigation do not do justice to the complexity of actual irrigation development in the Kahe case, and obfuscate its contribution to rural development and food security. We argue that a single irrigation technology does not lead to a single agricultural mode of production, and that irrigation policies and interventions should take into account the differentiation among irrigators.
6 Veldwisch, G. J.; Woodhouse, P. 2022. Formal and informal contract farming in Mozambique: socially embedded relations of agricultural intensification. Journal of Agrarian Change, 22(1):162-178. (Special issue: The Political Economy of Contract Farming: Emerging Insights and Changing Dynamics) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/joac.12461]
Contract farming ; Agreements ; Agricultural production ; Intensification ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Small-scale farming ; Markets ; Social aspects ; Households ; Case studies / Africa South of Sahara / Mozambique / Vanduzi / Messica
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051341)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joac.12461
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051341.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051341.pdf
(6.60 MB) (6.60 MB)
This paper explores the role of contract farming arrangements in agricultural intensification in sub-Saharan Africa, combining secondary literature and original case material from Mozambique. The paper extends the scope of “contract farming” beyond the formal contracts between large companies and small-scale producers to include less formal credit agreements between farmers and traders. It argues that such informal contract arrangements are evidence of farmers' agency in “real markets.” In the studied cases, farmers use contract farming opportunities to intensify agricultural production by investing in irrigation and inputs. While informal contracts typically concern locally consumed crops, thus with more possibilities for side selling than formal contracts for export crops with company-controlled markets, informal contract compliance reflects closely knit social ties between the contracting parties. In both formal and informal contracts, purchasers tend to seek out producers who are already irrigating, thus obtaining gains from farmers' earlier investments. This also implies contract farming as a mechanism for accelerating social differentiation arising from unequal access to irrigation. The paper argues that the significance of informal contracts in the studied cases raises the possibility that informal contract farming by local traders plays a more important role in agrarian transformation in Africa than formal contract farming by large companies.
7 Weitkamp, T.; Veldwisch, G. J.; Karimi, P.; de Fraiture, C. 2023. Mapping irrigated agriculture in fragmented landscapes of Sub-Saharan Africa: an examination of algorithm and composite length effectiveness. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 122:103418. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2023.103418]
Irrigated farming ; Irrigation schemes ; Landscape ; Farmland ; Neural networks ; Remote sensing ; Smallholders ; Vegetation ; Machine learning ; Dry season / Africa South of Sahara / Mozambique
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052203)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156984322300242X/pdfft?md5=b946334370bd2d782115718f81a74172&pid=1-s2.0-S156984322300242X-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052203.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052203.pdf
(70.70 MB) (70.7 MB)
Accurately identifying irrigated areas is crucial for sustainable development, food security, and effective land and water resource management. However, incomplete or outdated national estimates of irrigated areas underestimate the extent of it, particularly among smallholders. This study aimed to address this issue by investigating the impact of different algorithms and composite lengths on predicting irrigated agriculture in four study areas in Mozambique. The study found that the choice of algorithm and composite length notably impacted the accuracy of identifying irrigation. Shorter composite lengths, such as 2-monthly or 3-monthly composites, were more effective in identifying irrigation in fragmented and dynamic landscapes, while longer composite lengths were better suited to stable classes and homogeneous landscapes. Artificial neural networks, support vector machines, and random forests were all effective algorithms for classifying irrigation. However, the study emphasised the importance of considering hotspots and agreement maps when identifying irrigation. Agreement maps combine the classification results of multiple models, providing better insights into the core areas of irrigated agriculture and allowing for a better understanding of irrigation dynamics and policy decision-making, particularly among smallholder systems. This research provides valuable insights for those working on remote sensing-based irrigation mapping and monitoring in sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on identifying smallholder irrigation with greater certainty.
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