Your search found 23 records
1 Cook, Simon E.; Fisher, M. J.; Andersson, M. S.; Rubiano, J.; Giordano, Mark. 2009. Water, food and livelihoods in river basins. Water International, 34(1):13-29. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060802673860]
Poverty ; Water use ; River basins ; Water stress ; Water scarcity ; Irrigated farming ; Water productivity ; Food production ; Food shortages ; Food security ; Land degradation / Central Asia / West Africa / Mekong River Basin / Aral Sea / Sao Francisco River Basin / Volta River Basin / Karkheh River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042309)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02508060802673860
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042309.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042309.pdf
(2.20 MB) (2.20MB)
Conflicting demands for food and water, exacerbated by increasing population, increase the risks of food insecurity, poverty and environmental damage in major river systems. Agriculture remains the predominant water user, but the linkage between water, agriculture and livelihoods is more complex than “water scarcity increases poverty”. The response of both agricultural and non-agricultural systems to increased pressure will affect livelihoods. Development will be constrained in closed basins if increased demand for irrigation deprives other users or if existing agricultural use constrains non-agricultural activities and in open basins if agriculture cannot feed an expanding or changing population or if the river system loses capacity due to degradation or over-exploitation.
2 Cribb, J. 2010. The coming famine: the global food crisis and what we can do to avoid it. Berkeley, CA, USA: University of California Press. 248p.
Food supply ; Food shortages ; Trade ; Famine ; Sustainable agriculture ; Water requirements ; Soils ; Climate change ; Population growth ; Farmers
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.8 G000 CRI Record No: H043116)
(0.25 MB)
3 Headey, D.; Fan, S. 2010. Reflections on the global food crisis: how did it happen? how has it hurt? and how can we prevent the next one? Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 122p. (IFPRI Research Monograph 165) [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.2499/9780896291782RM165]
Food security ; Food shortages ; Food production ; Food prices ; Biofuels ; Maize ; Models ; Poverty / USA
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.19 G000 HEA Record No: H043935)
http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/rr165.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043935.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043935.pdf
(1.86 MB) (1.85MB)
4 Gebregziabher, Gebrehaweria; Holden, S. T. 2011. Distress rentals and the land rental market as a safety net: contract choice evidence from Tigray, Ethiopia. Agricultural Economics, 42(Supplement):675-690. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1574-0862.2011.00551.x]
Food shortages ; Households ; Income ; Models ; Agricultural production ; Sharecropping ; Crop production ; Shock ; Risks ; Rent / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044264)
(0.64 MB)
Rural households in the semiarid Northern Ethiopian highlands are net buyers of food. Crop failure due to erratic and unpredictable rainfall occurs frequently and leads to food shortages and income shocks. The renting out of land may be one of the coping responses of households exposed to shocks.We developed a theoretical household model for poor landlord households capturing their contract choice response to downside production shocks. We tested econometrically whether contract choice may depend on poverty, capital constraints, production risk and random shocks. The multinomial logit model estimates show that poor households experiencing random shocks are more likely to choose fixed-rent contracts as a distress response to shocks, suggesting that fixed-rent contracts may be used to meet immediate needs, but at the expense of future incomes. We also found that fixed-rent contracts are preferred when ex ante production risk is low, while sharecropping is more likely where production risk is high. Finally, we found an indication that the choice of a fixed-rent contract as a coping response to shocks comes as a last resort after all other means of coping are exhausted.
5 Gebregziabher, Gebrehaweria; Holden, S. 2011. Does irrigation enhance and food deficits discourage fertilizer adoption in a risky environment? Evidence from Tigray, Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 3(10):514-528.
Food shortages ; Agricultural production ; Fertilizers ; Drought ; Risks ; Investment ; Income ; Poverty ; Rain ; Households ; Analysis ; Environmental effects / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044348)
http://www.academicjournals.org/jdae/PDF/Pdf2011/Sept/26%20Sept/Gebregziabher%20and%20Holden.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044348.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044348.pdf
(0.32 MB) (370.46KB)
The northern Ethiopian highland in general and the Tigray region in particular is a drought prone area where agricultural production risk is prevalent. Moisture stress is a limiting factor for improved agricultural input mainly fertilizer use. Lack of capital and consumption smoothing mechanisms limits households’ investment in production enhancing agricultural inputs, possibly leading into poverty trap. Using a Cragg (Double Hurdle) model, we analyzed how rainfall risks, access to irrigation and food deficits affect the probability that farm households’ use fertilizer and given that the probability is positive and significant, the amount (intensity) of fertilizer use. Accordingly, we found that households were more likely to use fertilizer and that they used significantly higher amounts of fertilizer on their irrigated plots than on rain-fed plots. Furthermore, households with access to irrigation were more likely to use fertilizer, but the intensity (amount) of fertilizer they used was not significantly different from those households without access to irrigation. In investigating the effect of rainfall risk on fertilizer use, we found that fertilizer use was significantly higher in areas with higher average rainfall and in areas with lower rainfall variability. In general, irrigation was found significantly important for fertilizer adoption mainly in areas with low rainfall and high rainfall variability. Finally, we investigate the effect of food deficit on fertilizer adoption and found that both food self-sufficient and food deficit households were less likely to use fertilizer as coping mechanism. However, among those who decided to adopt, the food deficit households used higher amount of fertilizer than the food self-sufficient.
6 Griffiths, P. 2003. The economist’s tale: a consultant encounters hunger and the World Bank. London, UK: Zed Books. 249p.
International organizations ; World Bank ; Development aid ; Development banks ; Economic situation ; Social aspects ; Political aspects ; Agricultural society ; Hunger ; Poverty ; Food supply ; Food shortages ; Decision making / Sierra Leone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 330.072 G000 GRI Record No: H044394)
(0.33 MB)
7 Gebregziabher, G. G. 2008. Risk and irrigation investment in a semi-arid economy. Thesis submitted to the Department of Economics and Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 207p.
Irrigation programs ; Investment ; Risks ; Markets ; Institutions ; Households ; Stress ; Income ; Agricultural production ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming ; Rain ; Models ; Statistics ; Statistical methods ; Analytical methods ; Highlands ; Policy ; Food shortages ; Food security ; Fertilizers ; Farmers ; Poverty / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044820)
(1.33 MB)
8 Woertz, E. 2012. The global food crisis and the Gulf's quest for Africa's agricultural potential. In Allan, T.; Keulertz, M.; Sojamo, S.; Warner, J. (Eds.). Handbook of land and water grabs in Africa: foreign direct investment and food and water security. London, UK: Routledge. pp.104-119.
Food shortages ; Food production ; Agricultural development ; Imports ; Foreign investment ; Land acquisitions / Africa / Sudan / Ethiopia / Gulf Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ALL, e-copy SF Record No: H045673)
9 Custodis, J. 2012. Keep calm and carry on: what we can learn from the three food price crises of the 1940s, 1970s and 2007/2008. In Allan, T.; Keulertz, M.; Sojamo, S.; Warner, J. (Eds.). Handbook of land and water grabs in Africa: foreign direct investment and food and water security. London, UK: Routledge. pp.299-310.
Land acquisitions ; Investment ; Food production ; Food shortages ; Food prices ; Oils ; Biofuels ; Organizations / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 ALL Record No: H045686)
10 Brown, L. R. 2012. Full planet, empty plates: the new geopolitics of food scarcity. New York, NY, USA: W. W. Norton. 144p.
Food shortages ; Population growth ; Grain ; Yields ; Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Biofuels ; Erosion ; Climate change ; Land acquisitions ; Institutes ; Water supply ; River basins ; Irrigation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.1 G00BRO Record No: H046003)
(0.26 MB)
11 Simons, L. 2015. Changing the food game: market transformation strategies for sustainable agriculture. Sheffield, UK: Greenleaf Publishing. 248p.
Sustainable agriculture ; Food production ; Food industry ; Food shortages ; Market structure ; Economic aspects ; Agricultural sector ; Palm oils ; Coffee industry ; Cocoa industry ; Standards ; Institution building ; State intervention ; Non governmental organizations ; Farmers ; Population growth ; Land use ; Biodiversity ; Climate change ; Subsidies ; Poverty / aFRICA / Guatemala
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.1 G000 SIM Record No: H047235)
(0.47 MB)
12 Wiskerke, J. S. C. 2015. Urban food systems. In de Zeeuw, H.; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Cities and agriculture: developing resilient urban food systems. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.1-25.
Urbanization ; Food consumption ; Food policy ; Food supply ; Food security ; Food shortages ; Feeding preferences ; Population growth ; Livestock products ; Nutrition ; Climate change ; Public health
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047254)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Books/PDF/cities_and_agriculture-developing_resilient_urban_food_systems.pdf
http://www.ruaf.org/sites/default/files/1.%20Urban%20food%20systems.compressed.pdf
http://www.ruaf.org/sites/default/files/1.%20Urban%20food%20systems.compressed.pdf
(50.6 MB)
13 Sok, S.; Yu, X. 2015. Adaptation, resilience and sustainable livelihoods in the communities of the Lower Mekong Basin, Cambodia. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 31(4):575-588. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1012659]
Community development ; Sustainability ; Living standards ; Rural poverty ; Food shortages ; Natural disasters ; Adaptation ; Resilience ; Households ; Assets ; Social aspects ; Natural resources ; Financial situation ; Agricultural production ; Villages / Cambodia / Lower Mekong Basin / Stung Treng / Kompong Cham / Prey Veng / Ou Svay / Ro’ang / Kaoh Roka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047560)
(0.59 MB)
This paper analyses key contributors to sustainable livelihoods in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB), Cambodia, by focusing upon villagers’ access to assets, adaptation to shock and stress, and their degree of resilience to declines in natural resources. The study reveals that their access to the five assets for sustainable livelihoods is limited; that their capacity to adapt to shock and stress is low due to floods, drought and high food prices; and that their resilience to declines in natural resources is weak. Improvement in their capacity to adapt and in their resilience will be influenced by the degree to which they can access human, physical and social assets.
14 Shein, H. A. 2016. Agricultural marketing and management in Myanmar. In Kywe, M.; Ngwe, K.; Oo, A. N. (Eds.). Proceedings of the Ninth Agricultural Research Conference, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, 12-13 January 2016. Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar: Yezin Agricultural University. pp.13-18.
Agricultural economics ; Marketing ; Agricultural production ; Rice ; Seasonal cropping ; Exports ; International trade ; Supply chain ; Food quality ; Food surplus ; Food shortages ; Public-private cooperation / Myanmar
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047593)
(0.36 MB)
Geographically, Myanmar enjoys a key strategic position in South-east Asia, sharing its border with five neighboring countries, namely China, India, Bangladesh, Loa POR and Thailand. The main economic sector in Myanmar is agriculture, in which rice is the most important commodity, feeding a growing population and obtaining foreign exchange through the export of rice surplus. In 2013-14, total multiple crops sown area was 21.37 million hectare. The area planted to paddy amounted to 7.28 million or 34 % of total multiple crops hectares followed by that of pulses and oilseed crops which accounted for 4.53 and 10.1 million acres, respectively. The country's population in 2014-2015 was estimated at 51.41 million with an annual growth rate of 1 percent. At this rate, total population is estimated at 62.22 million in 2019-2020. The new sub-chain is also exported to develop with future plan to produce and export special quality rice in near future.
15 Papaioannou, K. J.; de Haas, M. 2017. Weather shocks and agricultural commercialization in colonial tropical Africa: did cash crops alleviate social distress? World Development, 94:346-365. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.01.019]
Weather hazards ; Climate change ; Rain ; Drought ; Agriculture ; Commercialization ; Crop production ; Cash crops ; Harvesting ; Exports ; Food shortages ; Economic aspects ; Social aspects ; Colonialism ; Models / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048149)
(0.91 MB)
A rapidly growing body of research examines the ways in which climatic variability influences economic and societal outcomes. This study investigates how weather shocks triggered social distress in British colonial Africa. Further, it intervenes in a long-standing and unsettled debate concerning the effects of agricultural commercialization on the abilities of rural communities to cope with exogenous shocks. We collect qualitative evidence from annual administrative records to explore the mechanisms linking weather extremes to harvest failures and social distress. We also conduct econometric testing on a novel panel dataset of 143 administrative districts across west, south-central, and east Africa in the Interwar Era (1920–39). Our findings are twofold. First, we find robust evidence that rainfall anomalies (both drought and excessive precipitation) are associated with spikes in imprisonment (our proxy for social distress). We argue that the key causal pathway is the loss of agricultural income, which results in higher imprisonment for theft, unrest, debt, and tax default. Second, we find that the impact of weather shocks on distress is partially mitigated by the cultivation of export crops. Our findings suggest that, even in the British colonial context, smallholder export crop cultivation led to higher private incomes as well as greater public investment. Our findings speak to a topic of considerable urgency today as the process of global climate change accelerates, generating more severe and unpredictable climatic extremes. An increased understanding and identification of adaptive and mitigating factors would assist in targeting policy interventions and designing adaptive institutions to support vulnerable rural societies.
16 Wicaksono, A.; Jeong, G.; Kang, D. 2017. Water, energy, and food nexus: review of global implementation and simulation model development. Water Policy, 19(3):440-462. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.214]
Water footprint ; Food production ; Energy consumption ; Water scarcity ; Food supply ; Food shortages ; Climate change ; Water allocation ; Simulation models ; Sustainable development ; Stakeholders ; Policy making ; Environmental effects ; Greenhouse gases ; Emission / Africa / Europe / USA / Australia / Sri Lanka / Indonesia / Qatar
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048186)
(0.38 MB)
Water, energy, and food (WEF) have complex interconnections. Water is required to produce energy, while energy is needed for water extraction, treatment, and distribution. The food sector requires water and energy to produce food products, while fertilizer and pesticide from farmland have a negative impact on water quality; however, biomass is a potential alternative energy source. Understanding these interconnections will help determine the developmental framework that connects all of the elements. Some global regions have implemented a variety of sustainable management concepts to manage the natural resources, however, mainly for an individual resource. Furthermore, various computer models have been developed to estimate the interdependency of each resource and to quantify future requirements of WEF; the limitations of current models have opened opportunities for development through the addition of components and features such as feedback analysis, optimization, and visualization. We reviewed the literature to determine the present state of the WEF nexus, especially its global implementation and simulation model. We concluded that the involvement of stakeholders, integration of policies, and development of a nexus simulation model are required for successful implementation of the WEF nexus, which is an emerging issue for a sustainable resources’ management.
17 Clement, Floriane; Buisson, Marie-Charlotte; Leder, Stephanie; Balasubramanya, Soumya; Saikia, Panchali; Bastakoti, Ram; Karki, Emma; van Koppen, Barbara. 2019. From women's empowerment to food security: revisiting global discourses through a cross-country analysis. Global Food Security, 23:160-172. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2019.05.003]
Food security ; Gender ; Women farmers ; Empowerment ; Food supply ; Food access ; Food shortages ; Malnutrition ; Indicators ; Household consumption ; Socioeconomic environment ; Social structure ; Decision making ; Strategies / Bangladesh / Nepal / Tajikistan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049254)
(0.48 MB)
Global discourses have advocated women's empowerment as a means to enhance food security. Our objective was to critically review the causal linkages between women's empowerment and food availability and access. We relied on mixed methods and a cross-country analysis, using household survey data from Bangladesh, Nepal and Tajikistan and qualitative data from Nepal. The quantitative analysis highlights the diversity of patterns linking empowerment and food security indicators and the roles socio-economic determinants play in shaping these patterns across countries. The qualitative analysis further stresses the need for a truly intersectional approach in food security programmes that supports challenging the structural barriers that keep marginalised men and women food insecure. Lastly, our findings call for informing standardised measures of empowerment with an assessment of local meanings and values.
18 Matchaya, Greenwell; Nhlengethwa, Sibusiso; Greffiths, Jacob; Fakudze, Bhekiwe. 2020. Maize grain price trends in food surplus and deficit areas of Mozambique under Covid-19. AKADEMIYA2063: Covid-19 Bulletin, 7:1-4.
Food prices ; Economic trends ; Food surplus ; Food shortages ; Maize ; Grain ; COVID-19 ; Domestic markets ; Forecasting / Mozambique
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050019)
https://akademiya2063.org/uploads/Covid-19-Bulletin-007.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050019.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050019.pdf
(0.84 MB) (857 KB)
This bulletin presents an overview of maize price movements in Mozambique with the view of investigating whether there may be a relationship between the incidence of Covid-19 and maize price changes in local markets.
19 Matchaya, Greenwell; Fakudze, Bhekiwe; Nhlengethwa, Sibusiso; Greffiths, Ikhothatseng. 2020. Maize grain price trends in food surplus and deficit areas of Malawi under Covid-19. AKADEMIYA2063: Covid-19 Bulletin, 11:1-5.
Food prices ; Economic trends ; Food surplus ; Food shortages ; Maize ; Grain ; COVID-19 ; Domestic markets ; Urban areas ; Rural areas ; Forecasting ; Models / Malawi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050047)
https://www.akademiya2063.org/uploads/Covid-19-Bulletin-011.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050047.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050047.pdf
(0.85 MB) (866 KB)
Understanding staple food price dynamics is important for planning and targeting of interventions to protect livelihoods among the poor and vulnerable in time of crisis.
20 Beshir, H. A.; Maystadt, J.-F. 2020. In utero seasonal food insecurity and cognitive development: evidence on gender imbalances from Ethiopia. Journal of African Economies, 29(4):412-431. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jafeco/ejz028]
Gender analysis ; Cognitive development ; Food insecurity ; Food security ; Human capital ; Child development ; Food shortages ; Nutrition ; Education ; Investment ; Mortality ; Public health ; Households ; Communities / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050001)
(0.32 MB)
Food insecurity is pervasive and highly seasonal in Ethiopia. In this study, we investigate the effect of seasonal food insecurity on child development. Exploiting the Young Lives Ethiopia dataset, we study the gender-specific impact of in utero exposure to seasonal food insecurity on cognitive development and the probability of being on the expected grade for children of age 8 up to 12. We find that at age 8, in utero exposure to food insecurity negatively affects cognitive development, only for boys. At age 12, such exposure significantly reduces cognitive development for all children, but with a significantly higher magnitude for boys. The impact is almost three times bigger compared to the one estimated for girls. Corroborated with other outcomes, we explain such gender imbalances by the accumulative nature of the scarring effect rather than the culling effect or gender differences in parental investment.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
