Your search found 10 records
1 Gunawardena, J.; Muthuwatta, Lal; Fernando, M. J. J.; Rathnayake, S.; Rodrigo, T. M. A. S. K.; Gunawardena, A. (Eds.) 2015. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Environment Management and Planning, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka, 23-24 February 2015. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Central Environmental Authority (CEA). 55p.
Environmental management ; Forest plantations ; Drug plants ; Tea ; Rubber industry ; Agroforestry ; Biodiversity ; Wildlife ; Freshwater ; Water quality ; Groundwater pollution ; Water deficit ; Land use ; Paddy fields ; Constructed wetlands ; Carbon ; Meteorology ; Models ; Satellite surveys ; GIS ; Remote sensing ; Maps ; Soil salinity ; Erosion ; Sand ; Solar radiation ; Watersheds ; Aquifers ; River basins ; Tanks ; Energy generation ; Bioremediation ; Waste management ; Performance evaluation ; Toxic substances ; Pollutant load ; Noise pollution ; Denitrification ; Leachates ; Biofertilizers ; Aquatic insects ; Food production ; Fishing ; Farmers ; Vegetable growing ; Vermicomposting ; Health hazards ; Malaria ; Case studies ; Arid zones ; Coastal area ; Coral reefs / Sri Lanka / India / Tangalle / Vavuniya / Jaffna / Killinochchi / Mullaitivu / Mannar / Kalpitiya / Colombo / Kalutara / Matara / Weligama / Badulla / Upper Mahaweli Catchment / Paraviwella Reef / Vairavapuliyankulam Tank / Kelani River / Himalayan Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046899)
(1.32 MB)
2 Almuktar, S. A. A. A. N.; Scholz, M.; Al-Isawi, R. H. K.; Sani, A. 2015. Recycling of domestic wastewater treated by vertical-flow wetlands for irrigating chillies and sweet peppers. Agricultural Water Management, 149:1-22. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.10.025]
Water reuse ; Domestic water ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water quality ; Contamination ; Vegetable growing ; Chillies ; Sweet peppers ; Growing media ; Organic matter ; Composts ; Nutrient deficiencies ; Constructed wetlands ; Crop yield / UK / Manchester
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047501)
(1.13 MB)
Due to water scarcity in many arid countries, there is considerable interest in recycling various wastewater streams such as treated urban wastewater for irrigation in the agricultural sector. The aim was therefore to assess if domestic wastewater treated by different wetlands can be successfully recycled to water commercially grown crops. The objectives were to assess variables and boundary conditions impacting on the growth of two different types of peppers fed by domestic wastewater pre-treated by diverse mature constructed treatment wetlands. The growth of both Sweet Pepper (California Wonder; cultivar of Capsicum annuum Linnaeus Grossum Group) and Chilli (De Cayenne; C. annuum (Linnaeus) Longum Group ‘De Cayenne’) fed with different treated and untreated wastewater types were assessed. A few plants suffered from either a shortage and/or excess of some nutrients and trace minerals. The overall growth development of Sweet Peppers was poor due to the high concentrations of nutrients and trace minerals. In contrast, Chilies did reasonably well, but the growth of foliage was excessive and the harvest was delayed. High yields were associated with tap water and an organic growth medium, and a wetland with a high aggregate size, leaving sufficient space for biomass. Low fruit numbers correlated well with inorganic growth media and irrigation water contaminated by hydrocarbons. Findings indicate that nutrient concentrations supplied to the Chillies by a combination of compost and treated waste water are usually too high to produce a good harvest. However, as the compost is depleted of nutrients after about eight months, the harvest increased for pots that received pre-treated wastewater. The project contributes to ecological sanitation understanding by closing the loop in the food and water chain. Findings will lead to a better understanding of the effects of different wetland treatment processes on the recycling potential of their outflow waters.
3 Arceivala, S. J.; Asolekar, S. R. 2007. Wastewater treatment for pollution control and reuse. 3rd ed. New Delhi, India: McGraw-Hill Education. 518p.
Wastewater Management ; Waste water treatment plants ; Pollution control ; Ecosystem approaches ; Waste disposal ; Environmental impact assessment ; Urban wastes ; Solid wastes ; Slums ; Sewerage ; Sanitation ; Mechanical methods ; Aerobic treatment ; Bioreactors ; Biological treatment of pollutants ; Sludge treatment ; Anaerobic treatment ; Physicochemical treatment ; Membrane processes ; Aerated lagoons ; Stabilization ponds ; Fish ponds ; Hyacinthus ; Duckweed ; Constructed wetlands ; Vermiculture ; Algal growth ; Oxygen requirement ; Phosphorus removal ; Nitrification ; Denitrification ; Wastewater irrigation ; Irrigation systems ; Soil properties ; Agriculture ; Water reuse ; Industrial uses ; Water conservation ; Groundwater recharge ; Water supply ; Public distribution system ; Resource recovery ; Sustainability ; Planning ; Guidelines / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 628.3 G000 ARC Record No: H047990)
(0.67 MB)
4 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Albers, J. 2018. On-farm and off-farm responses. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Zadeh, S. M.; Turral, H. (Eds.). More people, more food, worse water?: a global review of water pollution from agriculture. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.179-203.
Water pollution ; On-farm research ; Good agricultural practices ; Water management ; Erosion control ; Resource recovery ; Organic fertilizers ; Nutrient management ; Livestock farms ; Grazing systems ; Pesticides ; Aquaculture ; Constructed wetlands ; Riparian zones
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048864)
(692 KB)
5 Abunaser, S. G.; Abdelhay, A. 2020. Performance of a novel vertical flow constructed wetland for greywater treatment in rural areas in Jordan. Environmental Technology, 29p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2020.1841832]
Waste management ; Wastewater treatment ; Constructed wetlands ; Rural areas ; Water reuse ; Wastewater irrigation ; Chemicophysical properties ; Water quality ; Biological properties ; Pollutant load ; Total suspended solids ; Turbidity ; Heavy metals ; Households / Jordan / Zarqaa / Irbid / Dulail / Berein / Bani Obaid / Taibeh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050022)
(1.31 MB)
Jordan is facing severe challenges in terms of water scarcity and wastewater management. Thus, there is a growing need for adopting innovative approaches to overcome these challenges. Within the framework of this study, a pilot project was implemented to treat household greywater in rural areas in Jordan with a purpose of reuse for irrigation. The project consists of designing and developing four vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) systems located in different sites and integrating them in a decentralized treatment system. The project work aims particularly to present a model of an innovative, compact and effective modified VFCW system. The performance of the systems was assessed by analyzing the quality of the influent and effluent streams through testing 19 water quality parameters. The results revealed that the design was adequate and efficient in treating greywater as exemplified by removal efficiencies of 90%, 90% and 92% for BOD, COD and TSS respectively. Moreover, the other physico-chemical parameters (T-N, T-P, N-NO3-, Turbidity, Ca, Mg, SO4-, and heavy metals) measured in the effluent streams complied all with the Jordanian standards for unrestricted irrigation. Therefore, the outcomes of the current study can be invested to support the use of constructed wetlands in Jordan as a sustainable technology to improve the wastewater management practices and reinforce the decentralized wastewater treatment approach in rural areas.
6 ter Borg, R. N.; Barron, J. 2021. Development of constructed wetlands in agricultural landscapes using remote sensing techniques. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science, 17p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2021.1993993]
Constructed wetlands ; Agricultural landscape ; Remote sensing ; Techniques ; Hygroscopicity ; Reservoirs ; Land use ; Satellite imagery ; Landsat / Sweden / Gotland Lan / Kalmar Lan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050743)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09064710.2021.1993993?needAccess=true
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050743.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050743.pdf
(5.43 MB) (5.43 MB)
In Sweden, drainage and the construction of water infrastructure have influenced agriculture in the last few centuries both positively and negatively. Recently, a trend has set in where wetlands are constructed to retain water, retain and reduce nutrients and to enhance the biodiversity. This study aimed to use remote sensing techniques to study landscape water retention over time. In this pilot study, water retention structures in Gotland (57°28'35.0''N18°29' 13.9''E) and Kalmar Län (56°39'41''N16°21'46''E) for 2000/2001 and 2020 were identified and analyzed using Landsat data. In this study, it was found that the number of water retention structures (>0.8 ha) increased from 44 to 101 for Gotland Län and from 44 to 127 for Kalmar Län. Most water retention structures were <4 ha and were located in mid- and downstream areas. A comparison of the remote sensed results with the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) database showed a disagreement of the spatial coordinates of the wetlands in the database with the water retention structures. This pilot study has shown that remote sensed data can be used to identify water retention structures, although higher resolution imagery would be highly advisable in these kinds of studies.
7 Msaki, G. L.; Njau, K. N.; Treydte, A. C.; Lyimo, T. 2022. Social knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions on wastewater treatment, technologies, and reuse in Tanzania. Water Reuse, 12(2):223-241. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2022.096]
Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Recycling ; Technology ; Social aspects ; Attitudes ; Health hazards ; Constructed wetlands ; Irrigation ; Water supply ; Economic activities ; Households ; Multivariate analysis / United Republic of Tanzania / Kilimanjaro / Arusha / Iringa / Dar es Salaam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051259)
https://iwaponline.com/jwrd/article-pdf/12/2/223/1067484/jwrd0120223.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051259.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051259.pdf
(0.75 MB) (764 KB)
This study assessed the social knowledge, attitude, and perceptions (KAPs) on wastewater treatment, the technologies involved, and its reuse across different wastewater treatment areas in four regions of Tanzania. We used both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods in a household-level questionnaire (n=327) with structured and semi-structured questions, which involved face-to-face interviews and observation. Our results show that social KAPs surrounding wastewater treatment and reuse were sufficient based on KAP scores achieved from asked questions. However, the general knowledge on treatment technologies, processes, and reuse risks was still low. Of the respondents, over 50% approved using treated wastewater in various applications, while the majority (93%) were reluctant if the application involved direct contact with the water. Furthermore, over 90% of interviewees did not know the technologies used to treat wastewater and the potential health risks associated with its use (59%). Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences (P<0.05) in the KAPs on treated wastewater across different studied demographic variables, i.e., age, sex, and education level. Therefore, we recommend that more effort be spent on providing public education about the potential of wastewater treatment and existing technologies in order to facilitate their adoption for the community's and environment's benefit.
8 Siddique, M.; Sanjrani, M. A.; Rani, K. 2023. Green technology for water scarcity: an entrepreneurial business may bring transformation in water management practices. Irrigation and Drainage, 16p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2832]
Water scarcity ; Entrepreneurship ; Business models ; Water management ; Environmental sustainability ; Policy making ; Water treatment ; Water supply ; Rainwater harvesting ; Constructed wetlands
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051850)
(4.87 MB)
Despite the contributions of modern business practices to environmentally sustainable transformation, there is not enough information on different types of green technologies and their applications. Therefore, it is essential to identify and classify business models that focus on the management practices of green technology. While the literature on green technology business models has received increasing attention over the last decade, interdisciplinary research into this growing phenomenon is still in its infancy and fragmented. The study focuses on the need for green technology for water management worldwide. Such management practices for green technology represent a research gap in the study area because no one has worked in this field before. There should be research to address people's management practices of green entrepreneurial business. The literature highlights that the issue of water crises may be minimized with the management practices of green entrepreneurial business and by applying global green water treatment techniques. The authors believe that this study would be very beneficial for future research on policymaking based on management practices of green technology that promote environmental sustainability through a green business environment.
9 Nilsson, J. E.; Weisner, S. E. B.; Liess, A. 2023. Wetland nitrogen removal from agricultural runoff in a changing climate. Science of The Total Environment, 892:164336. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164336]
Agricultural runoff ; Nitrogen retention ; Constructed wetlands ; Changing climate ; Eutrophication ; Denitrification ; Drought ; Vegetation ; Organic matter ; Precipitation / Sweden
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051993)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723029571/pdfft?md5=8b605451b679bf02fb88be90f871c782&pid=1-s2.0-S0048969723029571-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051993.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051993.pdf
(1.99 MB) (1.99 MB)
Wetlands in agricultural areas mitigate eutrophication by intercepting nutrient transports from land to sea. The role of wetlands for nutrient removal may become even more important in the future because of the expected increase in agricultural runoff due to climate change. Because denitrification is temperature dependent, wetland nitrogen (N) removal usually peaks during the warm summer. However, climate change scenarios for the northern temperate zone predict decreased summer and increased winter flows. Future wetlands may therefore shift towards lower hydraulic loading rate and N load during summer. We hypothesised that low summer N loads would decrease annual wetland N removal and tested this by examining 1.5–3 years of continuous N removal data from created agricultural wetlands in two regions in southern Sweden (East and West) during different periods. West wetlands showed relatively stable hydraulic loads throughout the year, whereas East wetlands had pronounced no-flow periods during summer. We compared East and West wetlands and tested the effects of several variables (e.g., N concentration, N load, hydraulic load, depth, vegetation cover, hydraulic shape) on annual absolute and relative N removal. We found no difference in annual N removal between East and West wetlands, even though summer N loads were lower in East than in West wetlands. A possible explanation is that stagnant water conditions in East wetlands suppressed decomposition of organic matter during summer, making more organic matter available for denitrification during winter. Absolute N removal in all wetlands was best explained by N load and hydraulic shape, whereas relative N removal was best explained by emergent vegetation cover and hydraulic shape. This study highlights the importance of design and location of agricultural wetlands for high N removal, and we conclude that wetlands in a future climate may remove N from agricultural runoff as efficiently as today.
10 Hazra, Moushumi; Watts, J. E. M.; Williams, J. B.; Joshi, H. 2024. An evaluation of conventional and nature-based technologies for controlling antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes in wastewater treatment plants. Science of the Total Environment, 917:170433. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170433]
Wastewater treatment plants ; Resistance to antibiotics ; Nature-based solutions ; Disinfection ; Constructed wetlands
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052689)
(3.39 MB)
Antibiotic resistance is a globally recognized health concern which leads to longer hospital stays, increased morbidity, increased mortality, and higher medical costs. Understanding how antibiotic resistance persists and exchanges in environmental systems like soil, water, and wastewater are critically important for understanding the emergence of pathogens with new resistance profiles and the subsequent exposure of people who indirectly/ directly come in contact with these pathogens. There are concerns about the widespread application of prophylactic antibiotics in the clinical and agriculture sectors, as well as chemicals/detergents used in food and manufacturing industries, especially the quaternary ammonium compounds which have been found responsible for the generation of resistant genes in water and soil. The rates of horizontal gene transfer increase where there is a lack of proper water/wastewater infrastructure, high antibiotic manufacturing industries, or endpoint users – such as hospitals and intensive agriculture. Conventional wastewater treatment technologies are often inefficient in the reduction of ARB/ARGs and provide the perfect combination of conditions for the development of antibiotic resistance. The wastewater discharged from municipal facilities may therefore be enriched with bacterial communities/pathogens and provide a suitable environment (due to the presence of nutrients and other pollutants) to enhance the transfer of antibiotic resistance. However, facilities with tertiary treatment (either traditional/emerging technologies) provide higher rates of reduction. This review provides a synthesis of the current understanding of wastewater treatment and antibiotic resistance, examining the drivers that may accelerate their possible transmission to a different environment, and highlighting the need for tertiary technologies used in treatment plants for the reduction of resistant bacteria/genes.
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