Your search found 12 records
1 Bhattacharya, P.; Chatterjee, D.; Jacks, G. 1997. Occurrence of arsenic-contaminated groundwater in alluvial aquifers from delta plains, Eastern India: Options for safe drinking water supply. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 13(1):79-92.
Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Water quality ; Tube wells ; Sedimentary materials ; Water supply ; Hydrology ; Geology / India / Eastern India / Bengal Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H020376)
Arsenic contamination in groundwater used for drinking purposes has been envisaged as a problem of global concern. Exploitation of groundwater contaminated with arsenic within the delta plains in West Bengal has caused adverse health effects among the population within a span of 8-10 years. The sources of arsenic in natural water are a function of the local geology, hydrology and geochemical characteristics of the aquifers. The retention and mobility of different arsenic species are sensitive to varying redox conditions. The delta plains in West Bengal are characterized by a series of meander belts formed by the fluvial processes comprising different cycles of complete or truncated fining upward sequences (sand-silt-clay). The arseniferous groundwater belts are mainly located in the upper delta plain and in abandoned meander channels. Mineralogical investigations have established that arsenic in the silty clay as well as in the sandy layers occurs as coatings on mineral grains. Clayey sediments intercalated with sandy aquifers at depths between 20 and 80 m are reported as a major source of arsenic in groundwater. Integrated knowledge on geological, hydrological and geochemical characteristics of the multi-level aquifer system of the upper delta plain is therefore necessary in predicting the origin, occurrence and mobility of arsenic in groundwater in West Bengal. This would also provide a basis for developing suitable low-cost techniques for safe drinking water supply in the region.
2 Bangladesh. Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives. Department of Public Health Engineering; UK. Department for International Development. 1999. Groundwater studies for arsenic contamination in Bangladesh: Phase 1 - Rapid investigation phase. Final report: Main report. Bangladesh; UK: The Department of Public Health Engineering; British Geological Survey and Mott MacDonald, for DFID. v.p.
Surveys ; Maps ; Water pollution ; Groundwater ; Water quality ; Geomorphology ; Hydrology ; Rain ; Climate ; Geology ; Aquifers ; Irrigation systems ; Small scale systems ; Groundwater extraction ; Wells / Bangladesh / Bengal Basin / Sylhet Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.3 G584 BAN Record No: H024233)
3 Bangladesh. Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives. Department of Public Health Engineering; UK. Department for International Development. 1999. Groundwater studies for arsenic contamination in Bangladesh: Phase 1 - Rapid investigation phase. Final report - Volume S5: Arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh: A review. Bangladesh: Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, for British Geological Survey and Mott MacConald Ltd (UK) vii, 54p.
Groundwater ; Water quality ; Water pollution ; Minerals ; Sedimentary materials ; Surveys ; Maps ; Field tests ; Air pollution ; Soil degradation ; Geology ; Aquifers ; Deep tube wells ; Public health ; Policy ; Development aid ; Institutions / Bangladesh / Argentina / Chile / Mexico / USA / India / Thailand / Taiwan / China / Hungary / UK / Ghana / West Bengal / Bengal Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.3 G584 BAN Record No: H025807)
4 Shivanna, K.; Sinha, U. K.; Joseph, T. B.; Sharma, J. S.; Navada, S. V. 2000. Isotope hydrological investigation in arsenic infested areas of West Bengal, India. In Mehrotra, R.; Soni, B.; Bhatia, K. K. S. (Eds.), Integrated water resources management for sustainable development - Volume 1. Roorkee, India: National Institute of Hydrology. pp.490-500.
Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Surface water ; Water quality ; Water pollution ; Precipitation ; Sedimentation ; Public health ; Diseases ; Geology / India / West Bengal / Bengal Basin / Murshidabad / Nadia
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 MEH Record No: H028070)
5 Islam, R.; Salminen, R.; Lahermo, P. W. 2000. Arsenic and other toxic elemental contamination of groundwater, surface water and soil in Bangladesh and its possible effects on human health. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 22:33-53.
Groundwater ; Surface water ; Water pollution ; Climate ; Soil properties ; Analysis ; Public health / Bangladesh / Bengal Basin / Rajarampur / Shamta
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 5792 Record No: H028600)
6 Burgess, W.; Ahmed, K. M. 2006. Arsenic in aquifers of the Bengal Basin: From sediment source to tube-wells used for domestic water supply and irrigation. In Naidu, R.; Smith, E.; Owens, G.; Bhattacharya, P.; Nadebaum, P. (Eds.), Managing arsenic in the environment: From soil to human health. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO. pp.31-56.
Arsenic ; Aquifers ; Groundwater management ; Public health ; Risks ; Water pollution ; Tube wells ; Pumping ; Water supply ; Domestic water ; Irrigation water ; Models / India / Bangladesh / West Bengal / Bengal Basin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 615.925715 G000 NAI Record No: H038356)
7 Sanyal, S. K.; Banik, G. C.; Ghosh, K. 2007. Arsenic contamination in groundwater of the Bengal basin and its influence on agricultural production systems. In Aggarwal, P. K.; Ladha, J. K.; Singh, R. K.; Devakumar, C.; Hardy, B. (Eds.). Science, technology, and trade for peace and prosperity. New Delhi, India: Macmillan. pp.343-352.
Groundwater irrigation ; Arsenic ; Water pollution ; Soil degradation ; Rice ; Crops ; Detoxification ; Agricultural production ; Shallow tube wells ; Ponds / India / West Bengal / Bengal basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044354)
(0.59 MB)
8 Ghosal, U.; Sikdar, P. K.; McArthur, J. M. 2015. Palaeosol control of arsenic pollution: the Bengal Basin in West Bengal, India. Groundwater, 53(4):588-599. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12251]
Groundwater ; Arsenic ; Contamination ; Water pollution ; Water quality ; Palaeosols ; Sand ; Clay ; Aquifers ; Manganese ; Health hazards ; Hydrogeology ; Models ; Wells ; Drilling / India / West Bengal / Bengal Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047963)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gwat.12251/epdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047963.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047963.pdf
(2.35 MB) (2.35 MB)
Groundwater in the Bengal Basin is badly polluted by arsenic (As) which adversely affects human health. To provide low-As groundwater for As mitigation, it was sought across 235 km2 of central West Bengal, in the western part of the basin. By drilling 76 boreholes and chemical analysis of 535 water wells, groundwater with <10 µg/L As in shallow aquifers was found under one-third of a study area. The groundwater is in late Pleistocene palaeo-interfluvial aquifers of weathered brown sand that are capped by a palaeosol of red clay. The aquifers form two N-S trending lineaments that are bounded on the east by an As-polluted deep palaeo-channel aquifer and separated by a shallower palaeo-channel aquifer. The depth to the top of the palaeo-interfluvial aquifers is mostly between 35 and 38 m below ground level (mbgl). The palaeo-interfluvial aquifers are overlain by shallow palaeo-channel aquifers of gray sand in which groundwater is usually As-polluted. The palaeosol now protects the palaeo-interfluvial aquifers from downward migration of As-polluted groundwater in overlying shallow palaeo-channel aquifers. The depth to the palaeo-interfluvial aquifers of 35 to 38 mbgl makes the cost of their exploitation affordable to most of the rural poor of West Bengal, who can install a well cheaply to depths up to 60 mbgl. The protection against pollution afforded by the palaeosol means that the palaeo-interfluvial aquifers will provide a long-term source of low-As groundwater to mitigate As pollution of groundwater in the shallower, heavily used, palaeo-channel aquifers. This option for mitigation is cheap to employ and instantly available.
9 McArthur, J. M. 2018. Arsenic in groundwater. In Sikdar, P. K. (Ed.). Groundwater development and management: issues and challenges in South Asia. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing; New Delhi, India: Capital Publishing Company. pp.279-308. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75115-3_12]
Groundwater ; Arsenic ; Contamination ; Water pollution ; Drinking water ; Water quality ; Toxicity ; Aquifers ; Sediment ; Wells ; Pumping ; Anthropogenic factors ; Iron ; Population ; Public health ; Models / India / Pakistan / Bangladesh / Nepal / Bengal Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049268)
(1.38 MB)
10 Mukherjee, A. (Ed.) 2018. Groundwater of South Asia. Singapore: Springer. 799p. (Springer Hydrogeology) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3889-1]
Groundwater management ; Water resources ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater irrigation ; Water availability ; Water quality ; Freshwater ; Water governance ; Climate change ; Water storage ; Aquifers ; Hydrology ; Geology ; Water pollution ; Contamination ; Arsenic compounds ; Fluorides ; Coastal areas ; Salinity ; Arid zones ; Legal frameworks ; Surface water ; Water security ; Forecasting ; Investment ; Smallholders ; Socioeconomic impact / South Asia / Afghanistan / Bangladesh / Bhutan / India / Myanmar / Nepal / Pakistan / Sri Lanka / West Bengal / Bay of Bengal / Delhi / Kerala / Kashmir / Nadia / Khulna / Satkhira / Sundarbans / Bengal Basin / Kabul River Basin / Gangetic Basin / Ganges River Basin / Meghna River Basin / Indus River Basin / Brahmaputra River Basin / Farakka Barrage
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H049987)
11 Mishra, D.; Das, B. S.; Sinha, T.; Hoque, J. M.; Reynolds, C.; Islam, M. R.; Hossain, M.; Sar, P.; Menon, M. 2021. Living with arsenic in the environment: an examination of current awareness of farmers in the Bengal Basin using hybrid feature selection and machine learning. Environment International, 153:106529. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106529]
Drinking water ; Arsenic ; Contamination ; Awareness ; Farmers ; Farming systems ; Communities ; Socioeconomic environment ; Water supply ; Irrigation ; Public health ; Policies ; Machine learning ; Models / Bangladesh / India / Bengal Basin / West Bengal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050292)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021001549/pdfft?md5=3520f677cef94fd26d81d0009caa2d29&pid=1-s2.0-S0160412021001549-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050292.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050292.pdf
(2.07 MB) (2.07 MB)
High levels of arsenic in drinking water and food materials continue to pose a global health challenge. Over 127 million people alone in Bangladesh (BD) and West Bengal (WB) state of India are exposed to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water. Despite decades of research and outreach, arsenic awareness in communities continue to be low. Specifically, very few studies reported arsenic awareness among low-income farming communities. A comprehensive approach to assess arsenic awareness is a key step in identifying research and development priorities so that appropriate stakeholder engagement may be designed to tackle arsenic menace. In this study, we developed a comprehensive arsenic awareness index (CAAI) and identified key awareness drivers (KADs) of arsenic to help evaluate farmers’ preferences in dealing with arsenic in the environment. The CAAI and KADs were developed using a questionnaire survey in conjunction with ten machine learning (ML) models coupled with a hybrid feature selection approach. Two questionnaire surveys comprising of 73 questions covering health, water and community, and food were conducted in arsenic-affected areas of WB and BD. Comparison of CAAIs showed that the BD farmers were generally more arsenic-aware (CAAI = 7.7) than WB farmers (CAAI = 6.8). Interestingly, the reverse was true for the awareness linked to arsenic in the food chain. Application of hybrid feature selection identified 15 KADs, which included factors related to stakeholder interventions and cropping practices instead of commonly perceived factors such as age, gender and income. Among ML algorithms, classification and regression trees and single C5.0 tree could estimate CAAIs with an average accuracy of 84%. Both communities agreed on policy changes on water testing and clean water supply. The CAAI and KADs combination revealed a contrasting arsenic awareness between the two farming communities, albeit their cultural similarities. Specifically, our study shows the need for increasing awareness of risks through the food chain in BD, whereas awareness campaigns should be strengthened to raise overall awareness in WB possibly through media channels as deemed effective in BD.
12 Mukherji, Aditi. 2022. The “water machine” of Bengal: a data-driven and policy-supported strategic use of aquifers for irrigation is needed to maximize their benefits. Science, 377(6612):1258-1259. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ade0393]
Groundwater irrigation ; Water use ; Aquifers ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater table ; Shallow water ; Irrigated farming ; Pumps ; Policies ; Farmers / Bangladesh / Bengal Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051429)
(5.79 MB)
For decades, millions of farmers in Bangladesh have been capturing more water than even the world’s largest dams. They did so simply by irrigating intensively in the summer dry season using water from shallow wells. The ability to use groundwater to irrigate rice paddies during the dry seasons (January to May) helped Bangladesh become food self-sufficient by the 1990s, which was no small feat for one of the most densely populated countries in the world. Researchers proposed that lowering of the groundwater table as a result of intensive irrigation practices in the dry season created conditions for recharge from monsoon rains (June to September), which then replenishes the groundwater (1). On page 1315 of this issue, Shamsudduha et al. (2) present a quantitative analysis of this depletion-replenish process and show that this recharge has indeed been happening at a large scale, in a process they call the Bengal Water Machine (BWM).
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