Your search found 14 records
1 Gwang-Man, L.; Seid, M.; Yimer, Y. 1999. Small scale area-based water harvesting approach for agricultural activities in highlands of Ethiopia. ICID Journal, 48(1):71-85.
Water harvesting ; Drought ; Water storage ; Watershed management ; Irrigation water ; Simulation models ; Mathematical models ; Irrigation practices / Ethiopia / Amhara Region
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H024957)
2 Wondimkun, Y.; Tefera, M. 2006. Household water harvesting and small scale irrigation schemes in Amhara Region. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Menker, M.; Abesha, D.; Atnafe, T.; Wondimkun, Y. (Eds.). Best practices and technologies for small scale agricultural water management in Ethiopia. Proceedings of a MoARD /MoWR /USAID / IWMI Symposium and Exhibition held at Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 7-9 March, 2006. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI. pp.11-17.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.1 G136 AWU Record No: H039815)
3 Abedin, M. Z.; Adgo, E.; Tefera, M.; Wondimkun, Y. 2006. Recent achievements and priorities in irrigation water management research in Ethiopia with particular reference to Amhara region. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Menker, M.; Abesha, D.; Atnafe, T.; Wondimkun, Y. (Eds.). Best practices and technologies for small scale agricultural water management in Ethiopia. Proceedings of a MoARD /MoWR /USAID / IWMI Symposium and Exhibition held at Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 7-9 March, 2006. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI. pp.121-128.
Irrigation management ; Water potential ; Villages ; Participatory management ; Social participation / Ethiopia / Amhara Region
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.1 G136 AWU Record No: H039825)
4 Checkol, G.; Alamirew, T. 2008. Technical and institutional evaluation of Geray Irrigation Scheme in West Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Loulseged, Makonnen; Yilma, Aster Denekew (Comps.). Impact of irrigation on poverty and environment in Ethiopia: draft proceedings of the symposium and exhibition, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 27-29 November 2007. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.342-353.
Irrigation schemes ; Canals ; Performance evaluation / Ethiopia / West Gojjam Zone / Amhara Region / Geray Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044100)
(0.27 MB)
The technical and institutional performance evaluation of Geray Irrigation Scheme was made in order to identify management practices for implementation to improve the system operation and the general health of the irrigation system. The evaluation was made by looking into the selected performance indicators such as conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, water delivery performance, and maintenance indicators. The availability of institutional and support services were also investigated through a questionnaire administered to beneficiary farmers and other stakeholders. The results obtained showed that the main and tertiary canal conveyance efficiencies were 92 and 82 percents respectively. Many of the secondary and tertiary canals are poorly maintained and many of the structures are dysfunctional. Application efficiency monitored on three farmers’ plot located at different ends of a given secondary canal ranges from 44 to 57 percent. Water delivery performance was only 71 percent showing a very substantial reduction from the design of the canal capacity. Maintenance indicator evaluated in terms of water level change (31.9%) and effectiveness of the infrastructures showed that the scheme management was in a very poor shape. Dependability of the scheme evaluated in terms of duration and irrigation interval showed that the scheme is performing below the intended level. The 47 percent of the land initially planned for development is currently under irrigation while there is no change in the water supply indicating that the sustainability of the scheme is in doubt. The cooperative support services that had been rendered to the beneficiaries in the past four years were found to be minimal. Moreover, there were few indicators that show the production was market oriented. The evaluation clearly revealed the fact that conflict resolution remains to be the duty of the Kebele authorities and WUA has no legal right to enforce its bylaws. In conclusion, the overall technical adequacy of the scheme is rated very poor requiring tremendous mobilization of the community to sustainably manage it. Proper institutional setup needs to be in place, and WUA needs to be empowered more in order to enforce its by-laws.
5 Abtew, W.; Melesse, A. M. (Eds.) 2008. Proceedings of the workshop on Hydrology and Ecology of the Nile River Basin under Extreme Conditions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 16-19 June 2008. Sandy, UT, USA: Aardvark Global Publishing. 368p. + 1CD.
Water resources ; Water management ; Hydrology ; Ecology ; River basin management ; Lakes ; Climate change ; International waters ; Water security ; Land use ; Environmental flows ; Downstream ; Weirs ; Simulation models ; Water balance ; Water use ; Water availability ; Watersheds ; Water productivity ; Water policy ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Rain ; GIS ; Remote sensing ; Evaporation ; Water power ; Investment ; Irrigation schemes ; Flooding ; Risks / Africa / Ethiopia / Kenya / Tanzania / Nile River Basin / Mara River / Lake Victoria Catchment / Gilgel Abbay Catchment / Lake Tana Basin / Chara Chara Weir / Rift Valley Lakes / Fogera Woreda / Geray Irrigation scheme / West Gojjam Zone / Amhara Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.48 G136 ABT Record No: H044302)
(0.46 MB)
6 Abtew, W.; Melesse, A. M. (Eds.) 2008. Proceedings of the workshop on Hydrology and Ecology of the Nile River Basin under Extreme Conditions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 16-19 June 2008. Sandy, UT, USA: Aardvark Global Publishing. 368p. + 1CD.
Water resources ; Water management ; Hydrology ; Ecology ; River basin management ; Lakes ; Climate change ; International waters ; Water security ; Land use ; Environmental flows ; Downstream ; Weirs ; Simulation models ; Water balance ; Water use ; Water availability ; Watersheds ; Water productivity ; Water policy ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Rain ; GIS ; Remote sensing ; Evaporation ; Water power ; Investment ; Irrigation schemes ; Flooding ; Risks / Africa / Ethiopia / Kenya / Tanzania / Nile River Basin / Mara River / Lake Victoria Catchment / Gilgel Abbay Catchment / Lake Tana Basin / Chara Chara Weir / Rift Valley Lakes / Fogera Woreda / Geray Irrigation scheme / West Gojjam Zone / Amhara Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.48 G136 ABT c2 Record No: H044337)
7 Mapedza, Everisto; Hagos, Fitsum; Deneke, T.; van Koppen, Barbara; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Denekew, Aster. 2011. The political economy of irrigation in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. [Abstract only]. In International Association for the Study of the Commons (IASC). 13th IASC Biennial International Conference on Sustaining Commons: Sustaining Our Future, Hyderabad, India, 10 - 14 January 2011. Book of abstracts. Mexico City, DF, Mexico: International Association for the Study of the Commons (IASC); Gujarat, India: Foundation for Ecological Security (FES). pp.138.
Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation systems ; Poverty ; Institutions ; Gender ; Energy sources ; Developing countries / Ethiopia / Amhara Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044573)
(0.10 MB) (2.09MB)
Why do irrigation schemes designed to alleviate poverty fail? Globally, there have been several attempts to design sustainable irrigation systems as a means of alleviating poverty in developing countries. Years after the initial investment, most of the irrigation schemes are no longer operational or operate well below full potential. This paper is an attempt to draw lessons of experience on the institutional design of irrigation schemes which are more likely to contribute to sustainable irrigation schemes. This paper argues that sound irrigation systems have to be based on good irrigation engineering which further needs to be complemented by good institutional arrangements to manage the irrigation scheme sustainably. The role of a good understanding between hydraulic engineering and a deeper social and institutional understanding is often misunderstood or ignored. Schemes addressing the two components in irrigation are more likely to result in poverty alleviation in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. The paper further argues that whilst the neat bureaucratic irrigation planning never materializes, there is a need to consider power inequities, gender and the broader political economy of irrigation.
8 Haile, Alemseged Tamiru; Gebregziabher, Gebrehaweria. 2014. Shallow groundwater irrigation in Dangilaworeda of Amhara region in Ethiopia: situation analysis and area of concern [Abstract only] In Arba Minch University. A base for building climate resilient green economy: proceedings of the 14th Symposium on Sustainable Water Resources Development, Arba Minch, Ethiopia, 27-28 June 2014. Arba Minch, Ethiopia: Arba Minch University. pp.12-13.
Groundwater irrigation ; Wells ; Irrigation water ; Households ; Water demand / Ethiopia / Amhara Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046871)
9 Zegeye, B.; Lijalem, D.; Kassie, A. 2014. Transition from traditional to modern spate irrigation: the case in Kobo-Girana Valley, Amhara region [Ethiopia] In Erkossa, Teklu; Hagos, Fitsum; Lefore, Nicole. (Eds.). Proceedings of the Workshop on Flood-based Farming for Food Security and Adaption to Climate Change in Ethiopia: Potential and Challenges, Adama, Ethiopia, 30-31 October 2013. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.123-135.
Irrigation development ; Spate irrigation ; Traditional farming ; Irrigation practices ; Flood irrigation ; Irrigation programs ; Farmers ; Rivers ; Valleys / Ethiopia / Amhara Region / Kobo Girana Valley / Golina River / Golina Spate Irrigation Project / Gobu-I Spate Irrigation Project / Gobu-II Spate Irrigation Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046944)
(304 KB)
In Ethiopia spate irrigation is on the increase due to public interest as well as farmer’s initiative. Though there are newly introduced areas, there are some spate irrigation practices that have been in use for several generations. The technology is in increasing the arid parts of the country. Kobo-Girana Valley is one of the historically practiced areas, having ample potential for spate irrigation. A potential assessment made by Amhara Design and Supervision Works Enterprise showed that an area of 51,668 ha has been identified as a potential for spate irrigation in the Kobo-Girana Valley. In order to reduce the challenges in the traditional system the newly introduced modern spate irrigation also has some limitations that require further research and design considerations. The main problem in the traditional system is frequent damage of structures and labor-intensive mismanagement of silt and water. In similar ways, the modern schemes are also underutilized due to mismanagement of the schemes and absence of proper openings for removing silt and excess water.
10 Clarke, N.; Bizimana, J.-C.; Dile, Y.; Worqlul, A.; Osorio, J.; Herbst, B.; Richardson, J. W.; Srinivasan, R.; Gerik, T. J.; Williams, J.; Jones, C. A.; Jeong, J. 2017. Evaluation of new farming technologies in Ethiopia using the Integrated Decision Support System (IDSS). Agricultural Water Management, 180(Part B):267-279. (Special issue: Agricultural Water and Nonpoint Source Pollution Management at a Watershed Scale Part II Overseen by: Dr. Brent Clothier). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.07.023]
Farming systems ; Decision support systems ; Technological changes ; Evaluation ; Water management ; Small scale systems ; Models ; Nutrition ; Energy consumption ; Cropping systems ; Farm income ; Socioeconomic environment ; Watersheds ; Environmental sustainability ; Villages / Ethiopia / Amhara Region / Fogera Woreda / Weg-Arba Amba Kebele / Shena Kebele / Lake Tana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047957)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377416302694/pdfft?md5=7548f347c9ff8e0db60dca03902b7abe&pid=1-s2.0-S0378377416302694-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047957.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047957.pdf
(3.19 MB) (3.19 MB)
This study investigates multi-dimensional impacts of adopting new technology in agriculture at the farm/village and watershed scale in sub-Saharan Africa using the Integrated Decision Support System (IDSS). Application of IDSS as an integrated modeling tool helps solve complex issues in agricultural systems by simultaneously assessing production, environmental, economic, and nutritional consequences of adopting agricultural technologies for sustainable increases in food production and use of scarce natural resources. The IDSS approach was applied to the Amhara region of Ethiopia, where the scarcity of resources and agro-environmental consequences are critical to agricultural productivity of small farm, to analyze the impacts of alternative agricultural technology interventions. Results show significant improvements in family income and nutrition, achieved through the adoption of irrigation technologies, proper use of fertilizer, and improved seed varieties while preserving environmental indicators in terms of soil erosion and sediment loadings. These pilot studies demonstrate the usefulness of the IDSS approach as a tool that can be used to predict and evaluate the economic and environmental consequences of adopting new agricultural technologies that aim to improve the livelihoods of subsistence farmers.
11 Stevenson, E. G. J.; Ambelu, A.; Caruso, B. A.; Tesfaye, Y.; Freeman, M. C. 2016. Community water improvement, household water insecurity, and women’s psychological distress: an intervention and control study in Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 11(4):1-13. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153432]
Water supply ; Community development ; Water availability ; Households ; Water insecurity ; Gender ; Womans status ; Psychological factors ; Stress ; Socioeconomic environment ; Food insecurity ; Harvesting ; Villages / Ethiopia / Amhara Region / South Wello / South Gondar
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048338)
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153432&type=printable
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048338.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048338.pdf
(0.24 MB) (244 KB)
Background
Over 650 million people worldwide lack access to safe water supplies, and even among those who have gained access to ‘improved’ sources, water may be seasonally unreliable, far from homes, expensive, and provide insufficient quantity. Measurement of water access at the level of communities and households remains crude, and better measures of household water insecurity are urgently needed to inform needs assessments and monitoring and evaluation. We set out to assess the validity of a quantitative scale of household water insecurity, and to investigate (1) whether improvements to community water supply reduce water insecurity, (2) whether water interventions affect women’s psychological distress, and (3) the impacts of water insecurity on psychological distress, independent of socio-economic status, food security, and harvest quality.
Methods and Findings
Measures were taken before and one to six months after a community water supply improvement in three villages in rural northern Ethiopia. Villages similar in size and access to water sources and other amenities did not receive interventions, and served as controls. Household water insecurity was assessed using a 21-item scale based on prior qualitative work in Ethiopia. Women’s psychological distress was assessed using the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Respondents were either female heads of household or wives of the heads of household (n = 247 at baseline, n = 223 at endline); 123 households provided data at both rounds. The intervention was associated with a decline of approximately 2 points on the water insecurity scale between baseline and endline compared to the control (beta -1.99; 95% CI’s -3.15, -0.84). We did not find evidence of impact of the intervention on women’s psychological distress. Water insecurity was, however, predictive of psychological distress (p <0.01), independent of household food security and the quality of the previous year’s harvest.
Conclusion
These results contribute to the construct validity of our water insecurity scale, and establish our approach to measuring water insecurity as a plausible means of evaluating water interventions. Improvements to community water supplies were effective in reducing household water insecurity, but not psychological distress, in this population. Water insecurity was an important predictor of psychological distress. This study contributes to an emerging literature on quantitative assessment of household water insecurity, and draws attention to the potential impact of improved access to water on women’s mental well-being.
Over 650 million people worldwide lack access to safe water supplies, and even among those who have gained access to ‘improved’ sources, water may be seasonally unreliable, far from homes, expensive, and provide insufficient quantity. Measurement of water access at the level of communities and households remains crude, and better measures of household water insecurity are urgently needed to inform needs assessments and monitoring and evaluation. We set out to assess the validity of a quantitative scale of household water insecurity, and to investigate (1) whether improvements to community water supply reduce water insecurity, (2) whether water interventions affect women’s psychological distress, and (3) the impacts of water insecurity on psychological distress, independent of socio-economic status, food security, and harvest quality.
Methods and Findings
Measures were taken before and one to six months after a community water supply improvement in three villages in rural northern Ethiopia. Villages similar in size and access to water sources and other amenities did not receive interventions, and served as controls. Household water insecurity was assessed using a 21-item scale based on prior qualitative work in Ethiopia. Women’s psychological distress was assessed using the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Respondents were either female heads of household or wives of the heads of household (n = 247 at baseline, n = 223 at endline); 123 households provided data at both rounds. The intervention was associated with a decline of approximately 2 points on the water insecurity scale between baseline and endline compared to the control (beta -1.99; 95% CI’s -3.15, -0.84). We did not find evidence of impact of the intervention on women’s psychological distress. Water insecurity was, however, predictive of psychological distress (p <0.01), independent of household food security and the quality of the previous year’s harvest.
Conclusion
These results contribute to the construct validity of our water insecurity scale, and establish our approach to measuring water insecurity as a plausible means of evaluating water interventions. Improvements to community water supplies were effective in reducing household water insecurity, but not psychological distress, in this population. Water insecurity was an important predictor of psychological distress. This study contributes to an emerging literature on quantitative assessment of household water insecurity, and draws attention to the potential impact of improved access to water on women’s mental well-being.
12 Asfaw, D.; Neka, M. 2017. Factors affecting adoption of soil and water conservation practices: the case of Wereillu woreda (district), South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 5(4):273-279. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2017.10.002]
Water conservation ; Soil conservation ; Erosion ; Farmer participation ; Adoption ; Watersheds ; Models ; Households ; Socioeconomic environment ; Corporate culture / Ethiopia / Amhara Region / South Wollo / Wereillu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048434)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633917301491/pdfft?md5=37585c8b17b69270fb2ae7755c88de0d&pid=1-s2.0-S2095633917301491-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048434.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048434.pdf
(1.44 MB) (1.44 MB)
In Ethiopia, soil erosion is a severe problem and a major cause of the decline of agricultural productivity. Interventions were taken by introducing soil and water conservation practices. However, the adoption of these practices is far below the expectation. The objective of this study was to examine factors affecting adoption of introduced soil and water conservation practices in Wereillu Woreda. Mixed research methods design was employed in order to conduct this study. Questionnaire, focus group discussion, in-depth interview and field observation were used to collect data. A binary logistic regression model was employed to analyze the collected data. The analysis result showed that sex of household heads, education status of household heads, access to extension services and training were positively correlated at significantly level with the adoption of the introduced soil and water conservation practices. On the other hand, the age of household heads, off-farm activity, and distance of farmlands from homesteads influenced the adoption of introduced soil and water conservation practices negatively. The finding depicts that the identified physical, socioeconomic, and institutional factors influence the adoption of soil and water conservation so, the Woreda Rural and Agricultural Development Office and other concerned bodies should consider these influential factors to enhance farmers’ adoption of introduced soil and water conservation practices and to promote agricultural productivity and environmental quality.
13 Khadim, F. K.; Bagtzoglou, A. C.; Dokou, Z.; Anagnostou, E. 2023. A socio-hydrological investigation with groundwater models to assess farmer’s perception on water management fairness. Journal of Hydrology, 620(Part B):129481. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129481]
Hydrological modelling ; Groundwater ; Farmers ; Water management ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation water ; Precipitation ; Soil moisture ; Villages ; Communities / Ethiopia / Amhara region / Koga Reservoir / Koga Irrigation Project / Kudmi Kebele / Mecha Woreda / Quashni Irrigation Project / Gayta Kebele / Dangishta Woreda / Gilgel-Abay River / Lake Tana / Upper Blue Nile River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051906)
(8.77 MB)
Water management in the Upper Blue Nile (UBN) region of Ethiopia often entails fragmented efforts to supplement rainfed agriculture with surface water and reservoir-based irrigation schemes. On top of the broader climate change, drought and water food insecurity issues, the irrigation managers inability to accommodate farmer perceptions into sophisticated designs for resource utilization creates a fragile system from the root level. Driven by this, the objective of this research is to carry out a socio-hydrological investigation to highlight how hydrological models can be used to map farmers’ perception on irrigation water adequacy and water management fairness. The study uses predictions from a calibrated MODFLOW-NWT groundwater (GW) model in two irrigated communities of Ethiopia, namely, the Koga Reservoir (‘closed’ community) and the Quashni River (‘open’ community) irrigation project areas. Farmer perceptions were studied through detailed household surveys (n = 172 households), which were then statistically analyzed through logistic regression models under different sociological conjectures. The socio-hydrological investigation revealed that the local GW models were in good agreement with farmers’ raw perception on irrigation water adequacy, and the fairness of irrigation management. Findings from this research would help advance our understanding in socio-hydrological feedback of complex irrigation structures, as well as underscoring key sociological constraints of irrigation development in emerging communities.
14 Molla, S. D.; Zeleke, M. T.; Tamiru, S. M. 2024. Assessing livelihood resilience in drought-affected areas: lessons from Raya Kobo District, Northeast Ethiopia. Heliyon, 10(1):E23399. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23399]
Drought ; Resilience ; Livelihoods ; Households ; Infrastructure ; Diversification ; Vulnerability ; Social security ; Social capital ; Livestock ; Human capital ; Indicators ; Water harvesting ; Natural capital / Ethiopia / Amhara Region / Raya Kobo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052737)
https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2405-8440%2823%2910607-4
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052737.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052737.pdf
(1.71 MB) (1.71 MB)
In comparison to other types of resilience, livelihood resilience in the context of climate-related extremes like droughts is grounded in actual-life scenarios with the purpose of carefully assessing and improving the resiliency of individuals, households, communities, and nations. This study assesses households' livelihood resilience to droughts in Raya Kobo District. A mixed approach with a concurrent research design was used to achieve this goal. The quantitative data were collected from 354 randomly selected survey respondents, while the qualitative data were collected from purposefully chosen FGD and KI participants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) models were employed to analyse the quantitative data, whereas thematic data analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data through the creation of major and sub-themes. To determine households’ livelihood resilience, the livelihood resilience index (LRI) was measured using thirty-eight indicators of resilience based on the five livelihood assets. The study identified fifteen latent dimensions, such as infrastructure, technology, water harvesting scheme, land quality, cropping season, household working capacity, farm experience, educational status, social trust, risk response, social security, support service, income, crop diversity, and assets. The average score of these latent dimensions is 0.3999, suggesting that households in the study area are less resilient. The MLR results show a positive association between the latent dimensions and LRI and the relative importance of the latent dimensions for LRI. These findings provide significant policy implications regarding mitigating vulnerability, strengthening resilience, and establishing pathways out of livelihood insecurity. Education, healthcare, road construction, agricultural inputs (pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, and improved seeds), irrigation technologies (small-scale drip irrigation systems and human-powered pedals), income diversification, social trust, risk response, social security, support services, and asset building should be the focus of policymakers.
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