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1 Ebrahim, Girma Y.; Villholth, Karen G.; Boulos, M. 2019. Integrated hydrogeological modelling of hard-rock semi-arid terrain: supporting sustainable agricultural groundwater use in Hout catchment, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Hydrogeology Journal, 27(3):965-981. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-019-01957-6]
Hydrogeology ; Integrated management ; Modelling ; Sustainable agriculture ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater extraction ; Water use ; Water levels ; Water requirements ; Catchment areas ; Semiarid zones ; Aquifers ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Remote sensing ; Vegetation ; Climate change ; Precipitation ; Pumping / Africa South of Sahara / South Africa / Limpopo Province / Hout Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049181)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10040-019-01957-6.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049181.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049181.pdf
(3.44 MB)
An integrated hydrogeological modelling approach applicable to hard-rock aquifers in semi-arid data-scarce Africa was developed using remote sensing, rainfall-runoff modelling, and a three-dimensional (3D) dynamic model. The integrated modelling approach was applied to the Hout catchment, Limpopo Province, South Africa, an important agricultural region where groundwater abstraction for irrigation doubled during 1968–1986. Since the 1960s, groundwater levels in irrigated areas have displayed extended periods of decline with partial or full recovery in response to major decadal rainfall events or periods. The integrated dynamic 3D hydrogeological flow model, based on the One-Water Hydrologic Flow Model (MODFLOW-OWHM), helped to understand recharge and flow processes and inform water use and management. Irrigation abstraction was estimated based on irrigated crop area delineated using the Landsat Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and crop water requirements. Using groundwater level data, the model was calibrated (2008–2012) and validated (2013–2015). Estimated mean diffuse recharge (3.3 ± 2.5% of annual rainfall) compared well with estimates from the Precipitation Runoff Modelling System model. Recharge and groundwater storage showed significant inter-annual variability. The ephemeral river was found to be losing, with mean net flux to the aquifer (focused recharge) of ~1.1% of annual rainfall. The results indicate a delicate human-natural system reliant on the small but highly variable recharge, propagating through variable pumping to an even more variable storage, making the combined system vulnerable to climate and anthropogenic changes. The integrated modelling is fundamental for understanding spatio-temporal variability in key parameters required for managing the groundwater resource sustainably.
2 Goldin, J.; Mokomela, R.; Kanyerere, T.; Villholth, Karen G. 2021. Diamonds on the soles of their feet: groundwater monitoring in the Hout Catchment, South Africa. Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, 15(1):25-50. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/09734082211014435]
Groundwater management ; Monitoring ; Citizen science ; Participatory action research ; Water resources ; Catchment areas ; Rivers ; Stakeholders ; Farmers ; Rural communities ; Empowerment ; Sustainability ; Groundwater table ; Case studies / South Africa / Limpopo / Hout Catchment / Hout River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050493)
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/09734082211014435
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050493.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050493.pdf
(4.55 MB) (4.55 MB)
With the impulse to control and order the disorderly, the threads or tributaries of affect and emotion, which mimic the meanderings of the aquifer itself, are often oversimplified or ignored. These are not anomalies of citizen science (CS) but ‘normal’ and expected ‘disconnects’ that surface when working within a multidisciplinary environment. The article adds value to current discourse on CS by reflecting on the confusing configurations and shifting allegiances that are part and parcel of CS experience. In presenting research from a current project in the Hout Catchment, Limpopo Province in South Africa, it suggests that CS is often oversimplified and does not capture the array of emotions that emerge at multiple scales around CS projects. The authors reflect on the field, which is fraught, fragile and fleeting—and on the intrusions into the field—similar itself to an aquifer with its dykes and flows. Considering CS within the frame of feminist philosophy, it is emancipatory and personally transformative with the element of ‘surprise’ that the end point is undetermined—and the process, however much ‘planned’ is unknown. CS in this instance is a powerful tool for creating virtuous cycles of inclusion and equality and promoting sustainable development through improved water literacy through a grassroot, out-of-the-classroom pedagogy.
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