Your search found 5 records
1 Singh, P.; Aggarwal, P. K.; Bhatia, V. S.; Murty, M. V. R.; Pala, M.; Oweis, T.; Benli, B.; Rao, K. P. C.; Wani, S. P. 2009. Yield gap analysis: modelling of achievable yields at farm level. In Wani, S. P.; Rockstrom, J.; Oweis, T. (Eds.). Rainfed agriculture: unlocking the potential. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.81-123. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 7)
Yield gap ; Analysis ; Cereals ; Rainfed farming ; Crop yield ; Oilseeds ; Crop production / Asia / Africa / India / Thailand / Vietnam / Syria / South Africa / Morocco / Niger / Kenya / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.586 G000 WAN Record No: H041995)
2 Negussie, A.; Achten, W. M. J.; Norgrove, L.; Mekuria, Wolde; Hadgu, K. M.; De Both, G.; Leroy, B.; Hermy, M.; Muys, B. 2016. Initial effects of fertilization and canopy management on flowering and seed and oil yields of Jatropha curcas L. in Malawi. BioEnergy Research, 9:1231-1240. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-016-9767-6]
Fertilizer application ; Fertilization ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Inorganic fertilizers ; Canopy ; Flowering ; Seed production ; Oilseeds ; Jatropha curcas ; Biofuels ; Bioenergy ; Agronomy ; Agronomic practices ; Pruning implements ; Planting ; Spacing ; Soil sampling / Malawi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047879)
Appropriate canopy management, including planting density and pruning, and application of fertilizer may increase flowering success and seed and oil yields of Jatropha curcasL.Twofieldexperimentswereperformedfrom2009to 2011 in Balaka, Malawi, to assess the effect of planting density and pruning regime and single fertilizer application (N, P, and K) on male and female flower number and seed and oil yields of J. curcas. Planting density influenced flower sex ratio and female flower number. Branch pruning treatments did not influence the flower sex ratio but reduced seed and final oil yield by 55 % in the following year. It is claimed that J.curcas can be grown on soils with low nutrient content, but this study revealed that yield was low for non-fertilized trees. WeobservedhigherseedandoilyieldsathigherNapplication rates(upto203±42%seedand204±45%oilyieldincrease) compared with the non-fertilized control. The study suggests thatcurrentlyusedheavypruningpracticeisnotrecommended for J.curcas cultivation, although it needs further longer term investigation. Applying nitrogen fertilizer is effective in increasing yield.
3 Aragie, E.; Pauw, K.; Pernechele, V. 2018. Achieving food security and industrial development in Malawi: are export restrictions the solution? World Development, 108:1-15. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.03.020]
Food security ; Industrial development ; Export control ; Trade policies ; Maize ; Oilseeds ; Prices ; Markets ; Gross national product ; Households ; Farmers ; Income ; Models ; Sensitivity analysis / Malawi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048850)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X18301025/pdfft?md5=81cc95d4b2800b02e37888117662d9dd&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X18301025-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048850.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048850.pdf
(0.57 MB) (592 KB)
Restrictions on staple or cash crop exports are frequently imposed in developing countries to promote food security or industrial development. By diverting production to local markets, these policies tend to reduce prices and increase domestic supply of food or intermediate inputs in the short term, to the benefit of consumers or manufacturers, which make them attractive to policymakers. However, in the long term, export restrictions discourage agricultural production, which may ultimately negate the short-term gains. This study assesses the economy-wide effects of Malawi’s long-term maize export ban, which was only recently lifted, and a proposed oilseed export levy intended to improve food security and support local processing industries, respectively. We find that maize export bans only benefit the urban non-poor, while poor farmers’ incomes and maize consumption levels decline in the longer run. The oilseed export levy also fails to achieve its long run objectives: even when tax revenues are used to further subsidize food processors, their gains in value-addition are outweighed by declining agricultural value-addition. More generally, these results show that while export restrictions may have the desired outcomes in the short run, production responses may render the policies ineffective in the medium to long run. Ultimately, such restrictive policies reinforce a subsistence approach to agriculture, which is inconsistent with the stated economic transformation goals of many Sub-Saharan African countries.
4 Bouet, A.; Laborde, D. (Eds.) 2017. Agriculture, development, and the global trading system: 2000 - 2015. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 469p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896292499]
International trade ; Agricultural policies ; Development programmes ; Trade policies ; Trade agreements ; Negotiation ; Food security ; Food stocks ; Agricultural prices ; Domestic markets ; Price volatility ; Market access ; Economic impact ; Tariffs ; Subsidies ; Trade organizations ; WTO ; European Union ; Legal frameworks ; Agricultural insurance ; Crop insurance ; Cotton ; Rice ; Wheat ; Oilseeds ; Soybeans ; Imports ; Exports ; Taxes ; Food aid ; Farmers ; Models / USA / Russian Federation / Brazil / India / China / Canada / Qatar / Uruguay / Indonesia / Doha Development Agenda / Bali
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048949)
https://www.ifpri.org/cdmref/p15738coll2/id/131381/filename/131592.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048949.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048949.pdf
(5.42 MB) (5.42 MB)
This book is devoted to the complex relationship between the global trading system and food security, focusing on two important elements: the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) and how food price volatility can be managed, or not, through trade instruments. The first section of the book is based on the premise that more trade integration can fight poverty and alleviate hunger. The second section examines whether managing price volatility is doable through more or less trade integration. This section deals in particular with policy instruments available for policy makers to cope with price volatility: food stocks, crop insurance, and export restrictions. Analysis concludes that without a strong and efficient World Trade Organization (WTO) capable of conducting ambitious trade negotiations, the food security target will be much more difficult to hit.
5 Khan, Z. H.; Islam, Md S.; Akhter, S.; Hasib, Md R.; Sutradhar, A.; Timsina, J.; Krupnik, T. J.; Schulthess, U. 2024. Can crop production intensification through irrigation be sustainable? An ex-ante impact study of the south-central coastal zone of Bangladesh. PLOS Water, 3(2):e0000153. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000153]
Crop production ; Irrigation water ; Coastal zones ; Rice ; Maize ; Wheat ; Grain legumes ; Oilseeds ; Freshwater ; Surface water ; River water ; Water flow ; Salinity ; Farmland ; Ecosystem services ; Water levels ; Dry season ; Models ; Water management / Bangladesh / Tentulia River / Buriswar River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052615)
https://journals.plos.org/water/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pwat.0000153&type=printable
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052615.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052615.pdf
(7.57 MB) (7.57 MB)
In Bangladesh’s south-central coastal zone, there is considerable potential to intensify crop production by growing dry winter season ‘Boro’ rice, maize, wheat, pulses and oilseeds using irrigation from southward flowing and predominantly freshwater rivers. However, the impacts of surface water withdrawal for sustained irrigation and its safe operating space remain unclear. We used field measurements and simulation modeling to investigate the effects of irrigation water withdrawal for Boro rice–the most water-consumptive crop–on river water flow and salinity under different climate change and river flow scenarios. Under the baseline conditions, about 250,000 ha could potentially be irrigated with river water that has salinity levels below 2 dS/m. The impact on river water salinity would be minimal, and only between 0.71 to 1.12% of the cropland would shift from the 0–2 dS/m class to higher salinity levels. Similarly, for the moderate climate change scenario (RCP 4.5) that forecasts a sea level rise of 22 cm in 2050, there would be a minor change in water flow and salinity. Only under the extreme climate change scenario (RCP 8.5), resulting in a sea level rise of 43 cm by 2050 and low flow conditions that are exceeded in 90% of the cases, the 2 dS/m isohaline would move landward by 64 to 105 km in March and April for the Tentulia and Buriswar Rivers. This would expose an additional 36.6% of potentially irrigable cropland to salinity levels of 2 to 4 dS/m. However, Boro rice will already be well established by that time and can tolerate greater levels of salinity. We conclude that there is considerable scope to expand irrigated crop production without negatively exposing the cropland and rivers to detrimental salinization levels while preserving the ecosystem services of the rivers.
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