Your search found 20 records
1 Eyben, R.; Turquet, L. 2013. Feminists in development organizations: change from the margins. Warwickshire, UK: Practical Action Publishing. 208p.
Gender mainstreaming ; Women's participation ; Organizational change ; Bureaucracy ; Empowerment ; Institutional development ; Capacity building ; UN ; European Union ; Policy ; Political aspects ; Case studies / Ghana / USA / Morocco / Nepal / Albania / New York
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 305.4 G000 EYB Record No: H046373)
(0.28 MB)
2 Udas, P. B. 2014. Gendered participation in water management in Nepal: discourses, policies and practices in the irrigation and drinking water sectors. [PhD thesis]. Wageningen, Netherlands: Wageningen University. 281p.
Water management ; Water resources ; Drinking water ; Irrigation water ; Water availability ; Water policy ; Water supply ; Water governance ; Gender mainstreaming ; Women's participation ; Equity ; Irrigation systems ; State intervention ; Government departments ; Corporate culture ; Farmers ; Water user associations ; Land ownership ; Households ; River basins ; Sewerage ; Socioeconomic environment / Nepal / Baruwa River Basin / Asari Drinking Water System / Gaighat Drinking Water System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: D 333.91 G726 UDA Record No: H046865)
(6.31 MB) (6.31 MB)
3 Kummu, M.; Keskinen, M.; Varis, O. (Eds.) 2008. Modern myths of the Mekong: a critical review of water and development concepts, principles and policies. Espoo, Finland: Helsinki University of Technology (TKK). 187p. (Water and Development Publications 1)
Water resources development ; River basins ; Stream flow ; Water management ; Water policy ; Riverbank protection ; Erosion ; Flooding ; Upstream ; Downstream ; Water levels ; Dams ; Lakes ; Fisheries ; Community involvement ; Gender mainstreaming ; Living standards ; Community organizations ; Sustainable development ; Economic sectors ; Informal sector ; Urban areas ; Population density ; Community organizations ; Natural resources ; Environmental effects ; Human behaviour ; Ecosystems / Cambodia / China / Mekong River Basin / Tonle Sap Lake / Angkor / Phnom Penh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G800 KUM Record No: H047272)
http://www.wdrg.fi/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Myths_of_Mekong_book.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047272.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047272.pdf
(6.74 MB) (6.73 MB)
4 Cornwall, A.; Edwards, J. (Eds.) 2014. Feminisms, empowerment and development: changing women's lives. London, UK: Zed Books. 332p. (Feminisms and Development)
Gender mainstreaming ; Empowerment ; Women in development ; Social change ; Women's organizations ; Girls education ; Development programmes ; State intervention ; Bureaucracy ; Political aspects ; Conflict ; Legal aspects ; Female labour ; Financing ; Households ; Landlessness ; Cultural factors ; Music ; Television ; Religion ; Rural areas ; Case studies / Egypt / Ghana / Pakistan / Bangladesh / Sierra Leone / Brazil / Palestine / Bahia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 305.42 G000 COR Record No: H047661)
(0.32 MB)
5 Asian Development Bank (ADB). 2017. Developing renewable energy mini-grids in Myanmar: a guidebook. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank (ADB). 66p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.22617/TIM178951]
Renewable energy ; Energy generation ; Energy resources ; Solar energy ; Water power ; Biomass ; Energy demand ; Technology ; Pilot projects ; Maintenance ; Businesses ; Models ; Economic analysis ; Community involvement ; Gender mainstreaming ; Capacity building ; Villages / Myanmar / Magway / Mandalay / Sagaing
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048600)
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/391606/developing-renewable-mini-grids-myanmar-guidebook.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048600.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048600.pdf
(2.56 MB) (2.56 MB)
6 Mendum, R.; Paez, A. M.; Njenga, M. 2018. Challenges and solutions for gender mainstreaming and gender integration in research and development. In Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.). Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.73-78. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue)
Gender mainstreaming ; Gender equality ; Research and development ; Development policies ; Role of women ; Women's participation ; Education ; Capacity building ; Social aspects ; Decision making
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049009)
(639 KB)
7 Shrestha, Gitta; Joshi, Deepa; Clement, Floriane. 2019. Masculinities and hydropower in India: a feminist political ecology perspective. International Journal of the Commons, 13(1):130-152. (Special issue: Feminist Political Ecologies of the Commons and Commoning). [doi: https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.920]
Gender mainstreaming ; Women ; Political ecology ; Hydropower ; Gender equality ; Men ; Social aspects ; Human behaviour ; Risks ; Organizations ; Water institutions ; Public sector ; Private sector ; Case studies / India / Sikkim
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049290)
https://www.thecommonsjournal.org/articles/10.18352/ijc.920/galley/921/download/
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049290.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049290.pdf
(0.36 MB) (368 KB)
Mainstreaming gender in water governance through “how to do gender” toolkits has long been a development focus. It has been widely argued that such toolkits simplify the complex, nuanced realities of inequalities by gender in relation to water and fail to pay attention to the fact that the proposed users of such gender-water toolkits, i.e. mostly male water sector professionals, lack the skills, motivation and/or incentives to apply these toolkits in their everyday work. We adopt a feminist political ecology lens to analyse some of the barriers to reduce social inequalities in the management of global commons such as international rivers. Our findings highlight the leap of faith made in the belief that gender toolkits, as they exist, will filter through layers of a predominantly masculine institutional culture to enable change in ground realities of complex inequalities by gender. Analysing the everyday workings of two hydropower development organisations in India, we show how organisational structures demonstrate a blatant culture of masculinity. These two organisations, like many others, are sites where hierarchies and inequalities based on gender are produced, performed and reproduced. This performance of masculinity promotes and rewards a culture of technical pride in re-shaping nature, abiding by and maintaining hierarchy and demonstrating physical strength and emotional hardiness. In such a setting, paying attention to vulnerabilities, inequalities and disparities are incompatible objectives.
8 Packett, E.; Grigg, N. J.; Wu, J.; Cuddy, S. M.; Wallbrink, P. J.; Jakeman, A. J. 2020. Mainstreaming gender into water management modelling processes. Environmental Modelling and Software, 127:104683 (Online first). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104683]
Water management ; Modelling ; Gender mainstreaming ; Integrated management ; Water resources ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Gender equality ; Equity ; Decision making ; Stakeholders ; Policies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049569)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815219306966/pdfft?md5=9bbd07f9dad094b7d69d4f78e41cc5ec&pid=1-s2.0-S1364815219306966-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049569.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049569.pdf
(0.51 MB) (524 KB)
Although the Dublin principles of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) are well-established, the third principle on gender is commonly missing in practice. We use gender mainstreaming to identify examples where gender-specific perspectives might influence water resource management modelling choices. We show how gender considerations could lead to different choices in all modelling phases, providing examples from three familiar components of modelling practice: (a) problem framing and conceptualization, (b) model construction, documentation and evaluation and (c) model interpretation and decision support. We suggest a future approach for integrating gender perspectives in modelling. Including gender dimensions could strengthen modelling results by engaging with a range of stakeholders and highlighting questions, knowledge, values and choices that may otherwise be overlooked. Such an approach won't always result in a different model and results. At the very least it's a mechanism to explore and reveal gendered assumptions knowingly, or unknowingly, embedded into the model.
9 Hannah, C.; Giroux, S.; Krell, N.; Lopus, S.; McCann, L. E.; Zimmer, A.; Caylor, K. K.; Evans, T. P. 2020. Has the vision of a gender quota rule been realized for community-based water management committees in Kenya? World Development, 137:105154. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105154]
Gender mainstreaming ; Water management ; Community involvement ; Committees ; Women's participation ; Leadership ; Water governance ; Environmental management ; Natural resources management ; Legislation ; Political aspects / Africa / Kenya
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050072)
(1.41 MB)
Persisting gender inequities across political, economic, and public life have motivated global agendas to increase women’s leadership at all levels of society. Gender quotas offer one solution to encourage equitable gender representation in public decision-making by specifying a target number of women to serve on publicly-elected bodies. For natural resource governance sectors, can gender quotas promote women’s representation and participation in leadership? In 2010, Kenya enacted a new Constitution that included an article mandating that no one gender should make up greater than two-thirds of the composition of public committees. This ‘two-thirds gender rule’ also applies to community-level governance of water resources through water user resource associations, which were formally recognized in 2002. We present a study of community-based water committee compliance with Kenya’s national two-thirds gender rule based on surveys, focus groups, and interviews with water committee members. We show that Kenya’s gender quota has been moderately successful in increasing women’s representation on water committees. However, men hold more higher-level leadership positions than women, who typically serve as treasurers. Although there were no statistically significant differences between men and women’s self-reported participation frequency in various committee activities, men contributed significantly more hours per week to committee activities, facilitated meetings more frequently, and were more willing to lead meetings. Based on this leadership gap, we examine the sufficiency of a gender quota to promote equal leadership opportunities for women. We find that realizing the vision of a gender quota is conditional on how individuals are represented on community-based environmental committees as well as how individuals participate in committee activities.
10 Prugl, E.; Joshi, S. 2021. Productive farmers and vulnerable food securers: contradictions of gender expertise in international food security discourse. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 21p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2021.1964475]
Gender mainstreaming ; Women farmers ; Gender equality ; Food security ; Vulnerability ; International organizations ; Governance ; Policies ; Agricultural development ; Rural women ; Households ; Political aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050630)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03066150.2021.1964475?needAccess=true
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050630.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050630.pdf
(1.90 MB) (1.90 MB)
With gender equality becoming a key feature of the global food security agenda, international organizations have produced a rich body of knowledge on gender. This paper argues that such gender expertise generates political effects through identity constructions, problem definitions and rationalities. We critically analyse 59 documents relating to gender and food security in the South written in international organizations between 2000 and 2018. Our analysis reveals two gendered constructions articulated in these documents – the productive female farmer and the caring woman food securer. We demonstrate that problem definitions, solutions, and rationalities associated with these identity constructions are contradictory. Their juxtaposition reveals that gender expertise in international food security discourse is not only governed by neoliberal orthodoxy but also surfaces ambivalences and alternatives.
11 Ray, A.; Pandey, Vishnu Prasad; Dongol, R. 2022. Climate change, differential impacts on women and gender mainstreaming: a case study of East Rapti Watershed, Nepal. wH2O: Journal of Gender and Water, 9(1):55-66.
Gender mainstreaming ; Women ; Climate change ; Communities ; Water availability ; Drinking water ; Irrigation water ; Watersheds ; Awareness ; Case studies / Nepal / East Rapti Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051242)
https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1103&context=wh2ojournal
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051242.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051242.pdf
(1.48 MB) (1.48 MB)
Women and water share a great deal of nexus in several ways. However, women have still minimal control over the management of water resources, making them more vulnerable to climate change. This paper assesses how climate change impacts differently across different women groups using an intersectionality lens, thereby exploring the situation of gender mainstreaming in water sector in three communities, namely, Karaiya, Basauli, and Dadagaun in Khairahani Municipality located in the East Rapti watershed, Nepal. In this perception-based study, we conducted three key informant interviews and household interviews with 45 women of different castes, ages, communities, education levels, and occupations. The results showed that different groups of women perceive climate change and its impact differently. For instance, women engaged in agriculture are more aware of the impact of climate change and are affected more by it because of changing trends in rainfall and temperature resulting in water shortage and flooding. On the other hand, they experience more physical and mental stress because of a higher responsibility of both agriculture and household . Despite 80% of female involvement in water user committees, there is a gap in participation by all groups of women. Irrespective of literacy and work engagement, women of Karaiya and Basauli, were less aware and active than Dadagau in various water development and management activities because of time constraints, family background, lesser interest, and awareness. Therefore, more efforts are required to achieve significant progress in gender mainstreaming considering intersectionality in the water sector and climate change.
12 Mangubhai, S.; Lawless, S.; Cowley, A.; Mangubhai, J. P.; Williams, M. J. 2022. Progressing gender equality in fisheries by building strategic partnerships with development organisations. World Development, 158:105975. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105975]
Gender equality ; Fisheries ; Development organizations ; Gender mainstreaming ; Gender equity ; Inclusion ; Sustainable development ; Strategies ; Partnerships ; Non-governmental organizations ; Human rights ; Political attitudes ; Policies ; Empowerment ; Livelihoods ; Interdisciplinary research / Melanesia / Fiji / Solomon Islands / Vanuatu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051265)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X22001656/pdfft?md5=cb19265b59990fc5a9f8bb96230e2049&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X22001656-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051265.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051265.pdf
(1.35 MB) (1.35 MB)
Gender equality, a universal agreed principle and value, has been adopted widely but implemented to varying levels in different sectors. Our study was designed to contrast how gender development (hereafter 'development') and fisheries sectors view and invest in gender, and then explore opportunities to strengthen collaborative relationships and networks between the two, with the aim of improving capacity for gender inclusion in practice in fisheries. We conducted key informant interviews with fisheries (n = 68) and development (n = 32) practitioners (including managers) in Fiji, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu between 2018 and 2019. We found three points of divergence between fisheries and development practitioners and/or their organisations when it comes to the inclusion of gender into their work: (1) fundamental differences in organisational motivations for working on gender – (i.e., fisheries organisations viewed gender equality as a means to achieve fisheries objectives (instrumental), while development organisations viewed it as a core value or principle (inherent); (2) fisheries practitioners had comparatively little to no access to qualified gender focal points and training, and limited networks with gender experts; and (3) differences in what each considered successful versus failed approaches to gender integration. Our findings illustrate opportunities, as well as limitations or challenges (e.g. resistance and indifference), to transfer knowledge and capacity to integrate gender into fisheries policies and practice. We suggest using these divergences to ‘pivot change’ in the fisheries sector by building on decades of knowledge, learning and experience from the development sector focusing on four areas for strategic partnership: (1) shifting values; (2) gender mainstreaming; (3) adopting gender best practice; and (4) investing in gender networks and coalitions. We argue that fundamental to the success of such a partnership will be the ability and willingness of fisheries and development practitioners and their organisations to break down silos and work collaboratively towards gender equality in the fisheries sector.
13 Hlahla, S.; Simatele, M. D.; Hill, T.; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe. 2022. Climate–urban nexus: a study of vulnerable women in urban areas of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Weather, Climate, and Society, 14(3):933-948. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-20-0180.1]
Climate variability ; Urban areas ; Nexus approaches ; Vulnerability ; Women ; Climate change adaptation ; Policies ; Coping strategies ; Resilience ; Gender mainstreaming ; Gender equality ; Decision making ; Marginalization ; Communities ; Livelihoods ; Households ; Socioeconomic aspects / South Africa / KwaZulu-Natal / Pietermaritzburg
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051371)
https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/journals/wcas/14/3/WCAS-D-20-0180.1.xml
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051371.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051371.pdf
(1.28 MB) (1.28 MB)
The changes in climatic conditions and their associated impacts are contributing to a worsening of existing gender inequalities and a heightening of women’s socioeconomic vulnerabilities in South Africa. Using data collected by research methods inspired by the tradition of participatory appraisals, we systematically discuss the impacts of climate change on marginalized women and the ways in which they are actively responding to climate challenges and building their adaptive capacity and resilience in the urban areas of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We argue that changes in climate have both direct and indirect negative impacts on women’s livelihoods and well-being. Less than one-half (37%) of the women reported implementing locally developed coping mechanisms to minimize the impacts of climate-related events, whereas 63% reported lacking any form of formal safety nets to deploy and reduce the impacts of climate-induced shocks and stresses. The lack of proactive and gender-sensitive local climate change policies and strategies creates socioeconomic and political barriers that limit the meaningful participation of women in issues that affect them and marginalize them in the climate change discourses and decision-making processes, thereby hampering their efforts to adapt and reduce existing vulnerabilities. Thus, we advocate for the creation of an enabling environment to develop and adopt progendered, cost-effective, transformative, and sustainable climate change policies and adaptation strategies that are responsive to the needs of vulnerable groups (women) of people in society. This will serve to build their adaptive capacity and resilience to climate variability and climate change–related risks and hazards.
14 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Al-Hamdi, M.; AbuZeid, K. (Eds.) 2022. Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 292p. (Also in Arabic) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2022.225]
Water reuse ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Water scarcity ; Wastewater management ; Wastewater treatment plants ; Resource recovery ; Cost recovery ; Municipal wastewater ; Water quality standards ; Regulations ; Guidelines ; Planning ; Risk management ; Water policies ; Water governance ; Water supply ; Irrigation water ; Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Wadi ; Farmers ; Gender mainstreaming ; Gender equality ; Women ; Institutional development ; Governmental organizations ; Multi-stakeholder processes ; Funding ; Business models ; Population growth ; Urbanization ; Migration ; Health ; Case studies / Middle East / North Africa / Algeria / Bahrain / Egypt / Iraq / Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Libya / Mauritania / Morocco / Oman / Palestine / Qatar / Saudi Arabia / Sudan / Syrian Arab Republic / Tunisia / United Arab Emirates / Yemen / Marrakech Wastewater Treatment Plant / Boukhalef Wastewater Treatment Plant / Sfax Sud Wastewater Treatment Plant / Ouardanine Wastewater Treatment Plant / Jericho Wastewater Treatment Plant / Tala Bay Wastewater Treatment Plant / Wadi Musa Wastewater Treatment Plant / Al Wathbah-2 Wastewater Treatment Plant / Jebel Ali Wastewater Treatment Plant / Abu Dhabi Irrigation Scheme / Sadd al Ahmar Alfalfa Irrigation Area / West Bank / El Hajeb / Dubai
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051502)
(5.76 MB)
15 Mapedza, Everisto; Dessalegn, B.; Abdelali-Martini, M.; Al Hariry, H. 2022. Gender mainstreaming guidelines. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Al-Hamdi, M.; AbuZeid, K. (Eds.). Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.122-141.
Gender mainstreaming ; Guidelines ; Women ; Water reuse ; Sanitation ; Projects ; Gender equality ; Gender-transformative approaches
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051659)
(418 KB)
16 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier. 2022. Thematic guidelines - Section 2: introduction. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Al-Hamdi, M.; AbuZeid, K. (Eds.). Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.106-108.
Water reuse ; Guidelines ; Projects ; Governance ; Gender mainstreaming ; Models / Middle East / North Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051741)
(128 KB)
17 Rainard, M.; Smith, C. J.; Pachauri, S. 2023. Gender equality and climate change mitigation: are women a secret weapon? Frontiers in Climate, 5:946712. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2023.946712]
Gender equality ; Gender mainstreaming ; Women ; Climate change mitigation ; Climate change adaptation ; Policies ; Nexus approaches ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 13 Climate action ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; Vulnerability ; Indicators ; Economic aspects ; Economic growth ; Political aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051918)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2023.946712/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051918.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051918.pdf
(2.14 MB) (2.14 MB)
An orthodox assumption frames gender equality as a panacea to the climate crisis, whereby empowering women is assumed to have tremendous positive effects on countries' environmental performances. However, the gender-climate nexus literature often disregards feminist epistemology, detrimentally integrating harmful gendered assumptions within its analyses, and therefore policy recommendations. To remedy this, links between gender equality and climate change mitigation action were investigated, through a mixed-method approach, which includes feminist theories. Two metrics of gender equity, the Global Gender Gap Index and the Gender Inequality Index, and their correlations to a sustainability metric, the Environmental Performance Index, were analyzed. This quantitative analysis was enriched by 13 interviews with gender-climate experts. Results showed that, despite statistically significant correlations between both gender equality indices and the Environmental Performance Index, the positive relationship between gender equality and environmental performances is contextual and multi-faceted. Disregarding situated gender constructs, understanding gender as binary, and positing women as a homogeneous group, all mask multiple interactions between gender equality and climate change mitigation. Unveiling these interactions necessitates better integration of radical gender theories within climate change science through interdisciplinary research, permitting epistemological pluralism. To further this, a methodological framework is proposed, to help guide environmental researchers willing to consider gender in their work. Furthermore, the impact of gender mainstreaming within climate policies is explored, presenting subsequent policy recommendations. Finally, findings and the systemic transformation potential of gender equality, amongst other forms of equality, are discussed, reinforcing the idea that there is no climate justice without gender justice, and that justice and equality are cornerstones of sustainable societies.
18 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2023. Gender mainstreaming in water reuse: guidelines for planners, investors, project designers and operators [Thematic Brief of the ReWater MENA Project]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 4p.
Gender mainstreaming ; Water reuse ; Gender equality ; Gender-transformative approaches ; Women's participation ; Men ; Youth ; Children ; Employment ; Project design ; Planning ; Investment ; Guidelines ; Policies / Middle East / North Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052313)
(2.00 MB)
19 Nigussie, Likimyelesh; Minh, Thai Thi; Schmitter, Petra. 2023. Institutional gender mainstreaming in small-scale irrigation: lessons from Ethiopia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 29p. (IWMI Research Report 185) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.218]
Gender mainstreaming ; Small-scale irrigation ; Institutional development ; Irrigation development ; Development projects ; Gender-transformative approaches ; Strategies ; Women farmers ; Gender equality ; Equal rights ; Participatory approaches ; Decision making ; Smallholders ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Irrigation technology ; Microirrigation ; Climate resilience ; Income generation ; Markets ; Capacity development ; Water user associations ; Extension approaches ; Stakeholders ; Private sector ; Government agencies ; Partnerships ; Governance ; Policies ; Frameworks ; Social norms ; Communities ; Households / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052414)
(1.12 MB)
Achieving gender equality in irrigation can result in greater production, income, and job opportunities for both men and women smallholder farmers from diverse social groups, while building climate resilience in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, national irrigation agencies, donors, and researchers have been assisting project implementers to mainstream gender issues into the planning and implementation of irrigation programs. However, although efforts to close gender gaps in irrigation have been increasing, little is known about how interactions among institutions at different scales may determine the success of gender-mainstreaming strategies. This study presents a qualitative analysis of how the interaction of institutions at multiple levels can shape the success of gender-mainstreaming strategies. Specifically, the study analyzed how institutions' rules, roles, and capacities at state, market, community, and household levels shaped strategies in Ethiopia's nine small-scale and micro irrigation development projects. The findings show that ‘rule-based’ strategies adopted by small, scheme-based irrigation projects emphasize policies and rules for equal rights and opportunities for equal participation in individuals' and institutions' decision-making and capacity development. ‘Role-based’ strategies adopted by projects promoting small-scale and micro irrigation technologies focus on challenging social norms to address the imbalance of power and workloads by developing the capacity of all stakeholders. Both strategies focus on women and use participatory approaches to ensure gender equality. Negative stereotypes about women from families, communities, and the private sector often make it difficult for gender mainstreaming to succeed. Furthermore, institutional biases and limited capacities reproduce gender inequality by reinforcing stereotypical gender norms. Transformative gender mainstreaming strategies are critical to holistic approaches that facilitate change at different scales through broad-based partnerships between actors. It calls for 1) enacting policy, creating an institutional environment, and developing governance mechanisms for mainstreaming gender; 2) enhancing the accountability system and adoption of gender-transformative approaches to involve more women farmers in designing, planning, and management; 3) creating a supportive institutional environment at market, community and household level that helps women farmers invest in irrigation; and 4) applying an intersectional lens in gender analysis and mainstreaming.
20 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Al-Hamdi, M.; AbuZeid, K. (Eds.) 2023. Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook. In Arabic. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 292p. (Also in English) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.221]
Water reuse ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Water scarcity ; Wastewater management ; Wastewater treatment plants ; Resource recovery ; Cost recovery ; Municipal wastewater ; Water quality standards ; Regulations ; Guidelines ; Planning ; Risk management ; Water policies ; Water governance ; Water supply ; Irrigation water ; Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Wadi ; Farmers ; Gender mainstreaming ; Gender equality ; Women ; Institutional development ; Governmental organizations ; Multi-stakeholder processes ; Funding ; Business models ; Population growth ; Urbanization ; Migration ; Health ; Case studies / Middle East / North Africa / Algeria / Bahrain / Egypt / Iraq / Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Libya / Mauritania / Morocco / Oman / Palestine / Qatar / Saudi Arabia / Sudan / Syrian Arab Republic / Tunisia / United Arab Emirates / Yemen / Marrakech Wastewater Treatment Plant / Boukhalef Wastewater Treatment Plant / Sfax Sud Wastewater Treatment Plant / Ouardanine Wastewater Treatment Plant / Jericho Wastewater Treatment Plant / Tala Bay Wastewater Treatment Plant / Wadi Musa Wastewater Treatment Plant / Al Wathbah-2 Wastewater Treatment Plant / Jebel Ali Wastewater Treatment Plant / Abu Dhabi Irrigation Scheme / Sadd al Ahmar Alfalfa Irrigation Area / West Bank / El Hajeb / Dubai
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052507)
(4.76 MB)
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