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1 Mdee, A. 2017. Disaggregating orders of water scarcity - the politics of nexus in the Wami-Ruvu River Basin, Tanzania. Water Alternatives, 10(1):100-115.

Water scarcity ; Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Political aspects ; Water use ; Energy ; Food production ; Rice ; Farmers ; Economic aspects ; River basins ; Institutions ; Ethnography ; Case studies / Tanzania / Choma / Dakawa / Wami-Ruvu River Basin

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048092)

http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol10/v10issue1/344-a10-1-6/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048092.pdf

(0.82 MB) (840 KB)

This article considers the dilemma of managing competing uses of surface water in ways that respond to social, ecological and economic needs. Current approaches to managing competing water use, such as Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and the concept of the water-energy-food nexus do not adequately disaggregate the political nature of water allocations. This is analysed using Mehta’s (2014) framework on orders of scarcity to disaggregate narratives of water scarcity in two ethnographic case studies in the Wami-Ruvu River Basin in Tanzania: one of a mountain river that provides water to urban Morogoro, and another of a large donor-supported irrigation scheme on the Wami River. These case studies allow us to explore different interfaces in the food-water-energy nexus. The article makes two points: that disaggregating water scarcity is essential for analysing the nexus; and that current institutional frameworks (such as IWRM) mask the political nature of the nexus, and therefore do not provide an adequate platform for adjudicating the interfaces of competing water use.

2 Joshi, Deepa; Panagiotou, A.; Bisht, Meera; Udalagama, Upandha; Schindler, Alexandra. 2023. Digital ethnography? Our experiences in the use of SenseMaker for understanding gendered climate vulnerabilities amongst marginalized agrarian communities. Sustainability, 15(9):7196. (Special issue: Gender and Socially-Inclusive Approaches to Technology for Climate Action) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097196]

Ethnography ; Climate change ; Vulnerability ; Communities ; Marginalization ; Gender ; Women ; Agriculture ; Transdisciplinary research ; Technology ; Social aspects / India / Bihar / Gaya

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051885)

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7196/pdf?version=1682494939
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051885.pdf

(1.64 MB) (1.64 MB)

Digital innovations and interventions can potentially revolutionize agri-food systems, especially in coping with climate challenges. On a similar note, digital research tools and methods are increasingly popular for the efficient collection and analysis of real-time, large-scale data. It is claimed that these methods can also minimize subjective biases that are prevalent in traditional qualitative research. However, given the digital divide, especially affecting women and marginalized communities, these innovations could potentially introduce further disparities. To assess these contradictions, we piloted SenseMaker, a digital ethnography tool designed to capture individual, embodied experiences, biases, and perceptions to map vulnerabilities and resilience to climate impacts in the Gaya District in Bihar. Our research shows that this digital tool allows for a systematic co-design of the research framework, allows for the collection of large volumes of data in a relatively short time, and a co-analysis of the research data by the researchers and the researched. This process allowed us to map and capture the complexities of intersectional inequalities in relation to climate change vulnerability. However, we also noted that the application of the tool is influenced by the prior exposure to technology (digital devices) of both the enumerators and researched groups and requires significant resources when implemented in contexts where there is a need to translate the data from local dialects and languages to more dominant languages (English). Most importantly, perceptions, positionalities, and biases of researchers can significantly impact the design of the tool’s signification framework, reiterating the fact that researcher bias persists regardless of technological innovations in research methodology.