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1 Mekuria, Wolde. 2019. Restoring degraded landscapes for improved ecosystem services. In Hadgu, K. M.; Bishaw, B.; Iiyama, M.; Birhane, E.; Negussie, A.; Davis, C. M.; Bernart, B. (Eds.). Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond. Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry (ICRAF). pp.75-80.
Landscape conservation ; Degraded land ; Ecosystem services ; Sustainability ; Resilience ; Soil properties ; Erosion ; Vegetation ; Carbon ; Living standards ; Case studies / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049272)
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/B19055.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049272.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049272.pdf
(0.24 MB) (13.1 MB)
2 Elias, M.; Joshi, Deepa; Meinzen-Dick, R. 2021. Restoration for whom, by whom? A feminist political ecology of restoration. Ecological Restoration, 39(1-2):3-15. (Special issue: Restoration for Whom, by Whom?) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3368/er.39.1-2.3]
Ecological restoration ; Gender ; Women ; Political ecology ; Social aspects ; Inclusion ; Ecosystems ; Degraded land ; Sustainability ; Livelihoods ; Policies ; Economic aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050549)
(0.27 MB) (275 KB)
The UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030) frames restoration as a momentous nature-based solution for achieving many of the ecological, economic, and social objectives outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals. Yet, a critical void lies at the heart of this agenda: the lack of attention to social and political dimensions of nature and restoration initiatives. At this critical juncture, urgent attention is needed to the power and politics that shape the values, meanings, and science driving restoration; and to the uneven experiences of these processes as national restoration pledges touch down in diverse and unequal contexts. In this introduction to the special issue on “Restoration for Whom, by Whom?”, we critically examine the social inclusivity of restoration agendas, policies, and practices as these unfold across ecological and geographic scales. We argue that feminist political ecology (FPE), with its focus on gendered power relations, scale integration, and historical awareness, and its critique of the commodification of nature, offers a valuable lens through which to examine the socio-political and economic dynamics of restoration. Taking an FPE perspective, we elucidate how the ten papers comprising the special issue challenge mainstream narratives of environmental sustainability and suggest more grounded and nuanced ways forward for inclusive restoration initiatives. In conclusion, we highlight the urgency of addressing the systemic fault lines that create exclusions in restoration policies and practice; and the need to legitimize the plural voices, values, situated knowledges, and paths to sustainably transform degraded landscapes.
3 Yakob, G.; Smith, J. U.; Nayak, D. R.; Hallett, P. D.; Phimister, E.; Mekuria, Wolde. 2022. Changes in soil properties following the establishment of exclosures in Ethiopia: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10:823026. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.823026]
Exclosures ; Soil properties ; Agroecological zones ; Soil organic carbon ; Nitrogen ; Grazing lands ; Degraded land ; Land restoration ; Farmland ; Soil types ; Eucalyptus ; Meta-analysis / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050965)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.823026/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050965.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050965.pdf
(7.11 MB) (7.11 MB)
Community-led watershed development activities, including the establishment of exclosures (areas where both livestock and farming activities are excluded) on degraded communal grazing land, have become a common practice in Ethiopia since the 1990s. However, it is not yet fully understood how these exclosures change soil organic carbon and total soil nitrogen in different soil types and under different agroecologies. A meta-analysis using data gathered from the most relevant peer reviewed articles from Ethiopian exclosure systems was conducted to assess the variation in the effects of exclosures on soil carbon and nitrogen and to investigate the factors controlling change. The results demonstrate that after 16 years, exclosures can increase soil organic carbon and total soil nitrogen up to an effect size greater than two. This is moderated by soil type, exclosure age, landscape position and agroecology. More effective restoration of soil carbon was observed in less developed Leptosols and Cambisols than in more developed Luvisols, and in drier than more humid agroecologies. The results suggest that soil type and agroecology should be taken into consideration when planning and implementing exclosures on degraded communal grazing land. The findings of this study provide base line information for the future expansion of exclosures, and guide where to focus implementation. They also provide criteria to be used when planning and establishing exclosures to restore soil carbon and nitrogen. In addition, the results generated through this meta-analysis provide better understanding of the spatial and temporal variation of the effectiveness of exclosures to restore soil carbon and nitrogen.
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