Your search found 7 records
1 Keraita, Bernard; Konradsen, F.; Drechsel, Pay; Abaidoo, R. C. 2007. Effect of low-cost irrigation methods on microbial contamination of lettuce irrigated with untreated wastewater. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 12(Suppl. 2):15-22.
Irrigation practices ; Wastewater irrigation ; Vegetables ; Lettuces ; Urban agriculture ; Helminths ; Laboratory techniques ; Furrow irrigation ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Biological contamination ; Health hazards ; Risks / Ghana / Kumasi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G200 KER Record No: H040534)
2 Keraita, Bernard; Konradsen, F.; Drechsel, Pay; Abaidoo, R. C. 2007. Reducing microbial contamination on wastewater-irrigated lettuce by cessation of irrigation before harvesting. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 12(Suppl. 2):7-13.
Wastewater irrigation ; Vegetables ; Lettuces ; Urban agriculture ; Health hazards ; Risks ; Laboratory techniques ; Biological contamination / Ghana / Kumasi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G200 KER Record No: H040535)
3 World Bank, Water and Sanitation Program. 2005. Towards a more effective operational response arsenic contamination of groundwater in South and East Asian Countries. Volume 2, technical report. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) V.2: 219p. (Work Bank Report No. 31303)
Groundwater management ; Aquifers ; Water quality ; Arsenic ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Drinking water ; Irrigation water ; Surveys ; Monitoring ; Laboratory techniques ; Costs ; Public health ; Models ; Wells / Asia / South Asia / South East Asia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042318)
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2005/04/06/000090341_20050406133514/Rendered/PDF/313030v2.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042318.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042318.pdf
(15.19 MB)
4 Akoto-Danso, Edmund Kyei. 2010. Assessing pollution and river recovery processes in the middle catchment of the Densu River Basin, Ghana. Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, Environmental Science Programme, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Master of Philosophy in Environmental Science. 167p.
River basins ; Water pollution ; Water quality ; Monitoring ; Assessment ; Analysis ; Laboratory techniques ; Water use ; Land use ; Social aspects ; Economic aspects / Ghana / Densu River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Record No: H043414)
(3.74 MB)
The Densu River serves as the main source of water in the basin and also supplies Ghana‘s capital (Accra) with a large share (44%) of its drinking water which makes water pollution a critical challenge. An assessment of pollution and river recovery was conducted in the middle catchment of the Densu River, Ghana over both rainy and dry seasons to understand the contributory factors that drive pollution in the basin. For the purposes of water resources management, the primary focus was on the river processes taking place that allow mitigation of these impacts. Suggestions were then made regarding mitigating interventions to conserve the resources in the river basin. Physico-chemical and microbial parameters were analyzed. Sample collection and analysis of the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were conducted using international and national standards and indicators. Key informant and household interviews as well as field reconnaissance were also carried out. The study showed that the water quality within the middle catchment of the Densu Basin varies according to sampling site and season. Among the physical parameters analyzed, colour and turbidity exceeded the WHO recommended levels for river water. The values obtained for the water quality exceeded the Ghanaian Target Water Quality Range for raw water intended for domestic, irrigation and industrial use. With the exception of conductivity, the values recorded for colour, turbidly and suspended solids tend to be higher in the wet season than in the dry season. Though the mean values of the chemical parameters were within the WHO standards for raw water, bacteriological quality of the Densu River was above the recommended standards of WHO, 2006; EU, 1998 and WRC, 2003 during both the dry and wet seasons. Results showed that the Densu River water can generally be classified as fairly good compared to its desirable or natural state. There are spatial and temporary variations which require targeted monitoring, while so far the river recovers well from localized pollution. Temporal recovery was observed along the entire river. However, since concentrations of most of the parameters studied were relatively low, clear signs of full self recovery were not visible and made it difficult to evaluate the recovery capacity of the river. Despite the fact that the study area is predominantly agricultural, the study did not discover the widespread use of agrochemicals. About 47.1% of respondents do not use fertilizer, while 55.2% do not use pesticides on their farms. Given the population growth in Accra‘s vicinity, awareness raising, provision of sanitation facilities as well as the creation of buffer zones along the river banks is highly recommended to preserve this important drinking water source for the city.
5 Stalnacke, P.; Tesfai, M.; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy. 2012. Water quality trends in the Manjeera River, Godavari Basin. [India]. In Nagothu, U. S.; Gosain, A. K.; Palanisami, Kuppannan (Eds.). Water and climate change: an integrated approach to address adaptation challenges. New Delhi, India: Macmillan. pp.123-142.
Water management ; Water quality ; Sampling ; Monitoring ; River basins ; laboratory techniques ; Statistical analysis ; Time series analysis / India / Godavari River Basin / Manjeera River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044766)
(1.35 MB)
6 Mukuyu, Patience; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Tijani, M.; Nikiema, Josiane; Dickens, Chris; Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S. 2024. Country water quality profiles: towards developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ). Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 86p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2024.215]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Assessment ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Pollutants ; Policies ; Institutions ; Regulations ; Wastewater ; Laboratory techniques ; Testing ; Pathogens ; Nutrients ; Agricultural runoff ; Sediment ; Stakeholders / Africa / Egypt / Ghana / Kenya / Liberia / Malawi / Mauritania / Mauritius / Mozambique / Nigeria / Rwanda / Sierra Leone / Somalia / South Africa / South Sudan / United Republic of Tanzania / Tunisia / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052846)
(2.73 MB)
The African Ministers’ Council on Water (AMCOW) Secretariat committed to design and implement an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) in its Strategic Operational Plan (2020-2024) considering the guiding frameworks it uses such as the Africa Water Vision 2025, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. AMCOW reached out to the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to support the development of such a program.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This report is the last in the above list and contains the results of an AMCOW-IWMI Africa-wide survey that was conducted to gain a better understanding of the water quality situation of several countries in the region. The survey was conducted across Africa through the AMCOW network of African country representatives. Of the 54 AMCOW Member States, 31 responded to the survey offering their inputs on different water quality-related aspects. Water quality profiles of 17 of those countries are presented in this paper.
Each country profile contains a statistical summary of the water quality situation, a summary of the water pollution sources and impacts, the policies and institutions governing water quality, and some of the most important water monitoring and pollution control initiatives.
Although there are variations across countries in terms of the status of available capacity for water quality monitoring and management as well as pollution control, water pollution remains a critical challenge that provides an impetus for AWaQ.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This report is the last in the above list and contains the results of an AMCOW-IWMI Africa-wide survey that was conducted to gain a better understanding of the water quality situation of several countries in the region. The survey was conducted across Africa through the AMCOW network of African country representatives. Of the 54 AMCOW Member States, 31 responded to the survey offering their inputs on different water quality-related aspects. Water quality profiles of 17 of those countries are presented in this paper.
Each country profile contains a statistical summary of the water quality situation, a summary of the water pollution sources and impacts, the policies and institutions governing water quality, and some of the most important water monitoring and pollution control initiatives.
Although there are variations across countries in terms of the status of available capacity for water quality monitoring and management as well as pollution control, water pollution remains a critical challenge that provides an impetus for AWaQ.
7 Mukuyu, Patience; Warner, S.; Chapman, D. V.; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Dickens, Chris; Mateo-Sagasta, Javier. 2024. Innovations in water quality monitoring and management in Africa: towards developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ). Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 52p. (IWMI Working Paper 208) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.217]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Innovations ; Technology ; Policies ; Regulations ; Guidelines ; Standards ; Laboratory techniques ; Instrumentation ; Analytical methods ; Testing ; Water resources ; Catchment areas ; Transboundary waters ; Groundwater ; Contaminants ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Parameters ; Bio-assays ; Human health ; Awareness-raising ; Data management ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Nature-based solutions ; Intervention ; Community involvement ; Citizen science ; Capacity development ; Training ; Best practices ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Earth observation satellites ; Sensors / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052848)
(1.30 MB)
The African Ministers’ Council on Water (AMCOW) Secretariat committed to design and implement an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) in its Strategic Operational Plan (2020-2024) considering the guiding frameworks it uses such as the Africa Water Vision 2025, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. AMCOW reached out to the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to support the development of such a program.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the second in the above list and documents the greatest innovations in water quality monitoring and management in Africa, and proposes interventions to strengthen Africa’s current water quality monitoring and management efforts. Innovations related to monitoring program design, analytical techniques and instruments, deployment of instrumentation and approaches to water quality monitoring are presented together with their applicability and suitability for implementation in Africa. Similarly, water quality management interventions — policy and regulatory mechanisms, catchment-based management, data management and sharing, wastewater reuse and nature-based solutions, among others — are examined. The most suitable interventions are proposed for African contexts using criteria such as affordability, scalability and flexibility.
Key findings of this paper highlight the following:
1. There are numerous innovations within water quality monitoring and management. However, not all of them may be suitable for implementation in resource-constrained environments characteristic of many parts of Africa. For example, statistical analysis and modelling may require large amounts of existing monitoring data currently unavailable in most African countries. Nonetheless, other interventions such as the priority monitoring approach can be beneficial in optimizing resource utilization. Similarly, technological interventions such as multi-parameter sensors for basic water quality variables are now widely available and affordable in the provision of in situ results and lessening the need for laboratory analysis.
2. Available and existing traditional methods of water quality monitoring and management offer a good starting point to further strengthen and streamline efforts for increasing efficiency and effectiveness. Currently available laboratory facilities may benefit from instrumentation upgrades and continuous staff training.
3. There is scope for community and citizen engagement in the various processes of water resources monitoring and management. There is evidence that this enables success where governments do not have the monitoring capacity or adequate resources.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the second in the above list and documents the greatest innovations in water quality monitoring and management in Africa, and proposes interventions to strengthen Africa’s current water quality monitoring and management efforts. Innovations related to monitoring program design, analytical techniques and instruments, deployment of instrumentation and approaches to water quality monitoring are presented together with their applicability and suitability for implementation in Africa. Similarly, water quality management interventions — policy and regulatory mechanisms, catchment-based management, data management and sharing, wastewater reuse and nature-based solutions, among others — are examined. The most suitable interventions are proposed for African contexts using criteria such as affordability, scalability and flexibility.
Key findings of this paper highlight the following:
1. There are numerous innovations within water quality monitoring and management. However, not all of them may be suitable for implementation in resource-constrained environments characteristic of many parts of Africa. For example, statistical analysis and modelling may require large amounts of existing monitoring data currently unavailable in most African countries. Nonetheless, other interventions such as the priority monitoring approach can be beneficial in optimizing resource utilization. Similarly, technological interventions such as multi-parameter sensors for basic water quality variables are now widely available and affordable in the provision of in situ results and lessening the need for laboratory analysis.
2. Available and existing traditional methods of water quality monitoring and management offer a good starting point to further strengthen and streamline efforts for increasing efficiency and effectiveness. Currently available laboratory facilities may benefit from instrumentation upgrades and continuous staff training.
3. There is scope for community and citizen engagement in the various processes of water resources monitoring and management. There is evidence that this enables success where governments do not have the monitoring capacity or adequate resources.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
