Your search found 5 records
1 Garg, K. K.; Singh, R.; Anantha, K. H.; Singh, A. K.; Akuraju, V. R.; Barron, J.; Dev, I.; Tewari, R. K.; Wani, S. P.; Dhyani, S. K.; Dixit, S. 2020. Building climate resilience in degraded agricultural landscapes through water management: a case study of Bundelkhand Region, Central India. Journal of Hydrology, 591:125592. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125592]
Climate change ; Resilience ; Agricultural landscape ; Water management ; Water scarcity ; Groundwater recharge ; Living standards ; Rainwater harvesting ; Water balance ; Water availability ; Watersheds ; Rainfed agriculture ; Agricultural productivity ; Intensification ; Crop yield ; Monitoring ; Household income ; Semiarid zones ; Case studies / India / Uttar Pradesh / Bundelkhand / Jhansi / Parasai-Sindh Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050132)
(6.72 MB)
Rainfall variability and water scarcity continue to hamper the food and income security of smallholder farming systems in poverty-affected regions. Innovations in soil and water management, especially in the drylands, are critical for meeting food security and water productivity targets of Agenda 2030. This study analyzes how rainfed agriculture can be intensified with marginal impact on the landscape water balance. The impact of rainwater harvesting structures on landscape hydrology and associated agricultural services was analyzed in the semi-arid Jhansi district of Bundelkhand region in central India. The Parasai-Sindh pilot watershed was subjected to a 5-year (2012–2016) monitoring of rainfed system improvements in water availability and crop intensification due to surface water storage (haveli system), check dams, and field infiltration structures. Hydrological processes were monitored intensively to analyze the landscape’s water balance components. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) structures altered the landscape’s hydrology, limiting average surface runoff from 250 mm/year to 150 mm/year over the study period. Groundwater levels increased by 2–5 m (m), alleviating water scarcity issues of the communities in recurring dry years. Nearly 20% of fallow lands were brought under cultivation. Crop yields increased by 10–70% and average household income increased from US$ 960/year to US$ 2700/year compared to that in the non-intervention landscape. The combined soil–water–vegetation efforts strengthened water resilience and environmental systems in agricultural landscape.
2 Chandrasekharan, Kiran M.; Subasinghe, Chandima; Haileslassie, Amare. 2021. Mapping irrigated and rainfed agriculture in Ethiopia (2015-2016) using remote sensing methods. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 31p. (IWMI Working Paper 196) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.206]
Irrigated farming ; Rainfed agriculture ; Mapping ; Remote sensing ; Irrigated land ; Farmland ; Water management ; Biomass ; Dry season ; Moisture content ; Land cover ; Satellite imagery ; Landsat ; Weather data ; Rainfall patterns ; Datasets ; Normalized difference vegetation index ; Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer ; Time series analysis / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H050838)
(5.78 MB)
Irrigation expansion is a critical development intervention to address food security challenges in Ethiopia. However, only a fraction of the country’s irrigation potential has been utilized so far. Information about the location and spatial extent of irrigated and rainfed areas is an important requirement for sustainable water resources development and agricultural planning.
Currently, considerable variations exist in the irrigated area estimates made by different government agencies. In addition, irrigated area maps created as part of global mapping efforts have a spatial resolution of anywhere between 10 kilometers and 250 meters, making them too coarse for planning and management at a subnational scale.
This study aims to develop an irrigated area map of Ethiopia using satellite images to support agricultural water management practices in the country, using multi-temporal, multi-resolution data sets from 2015 to 2016 with a spatial resolution of 30 m. The total area of croplands was estimated as 21.8 million hectares (Mha), of which only 1.11 Mha were mapped as the irrigated area. This is only around 5% of the estimated total agricultural area.
The accuracy of the results was evaluated using geographic coordinates of irrigated areas provided by the Ethiopian Ministry of Agriculture. The results confirmed that irrigated areas can be identified reasonably well by analyzing seasonal trends in vegetation and moisture levels.
Currently, considerable variations exist in the irrigated area estimates made by different government agencies. In addition, irrigated area maps created as part of global mapping efforts have a spatial resolution of anywhere between 10 kilometers and 250 meters, making them too coarse for planning and management at a subnational scale.
This study aims to develop an irrigated area map of Ethiopia using satellite images to support agricultural water management practices in the country, using multi-temporal, multi-resolution data sets from 2015 to 2016 with a spatial resolution of 30 m. The total area of croplands was estimated as 21.8 million hectares (Mha), of which only 1.11 Mha were mapped as the irrigated area. This is only around 5% of the estimated total agricultural area.
The accuracy of the results was evaluated using geographic coordinates of irrigated areas provided by the Ethiopian Ministry of Agriculture. The results confirmed that irrigated areas can be identified reasonably well by analyzing seasonal trends in vegetation and moisture levels.
3 Bharucha, Z. P.; Attwood, S.; Badiger, S.; Balamatti, A.; Bawden, R.; Bentley, J. W.; Chander, M.; Davies, L.; Dixon, H.; Dixon, J.; D’Souza, M.; Flora, C. B.; Green, M.; Joshi, D.; Komarek, A. M.; McDermid, L. R.; Mathijs, E.; Rola, A. C.; Patnaik, S.; Pattanayak, S.; Pingali, P.; Prasad, V. P. V.; Rabbinge, R.; Ramanjaneyulu, G. V.; Ravindranath, N. H.; Sage, C.; Saha, A.; Salvatore, C.; Saxena, L. P.; Singh, C.; Smith, P.; Srinidhi, A.; Sugam, R.; Thomas, R.; Uphoff, N.; Pretty, J. 2021. The top 100 questions for the sustainable intensification of agriculture in India’s rainfed drylands. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 19(2):106-127. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2020.1830530]
Sustainable intensification ; Rainfed agriculture ; Dryland farming ; Agricultural development ; Policies ; Farming systems ; Agricultural production ; Livestock ; Climate change ; Resilience ; Ecosystem services ; Natural resources ; Water resources ; Watersheds / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051091)
(2.04 MB)
India has the largest area of rainfed dryland agriculture globally, with a variety of distinct types of farming systems producing most of its coarse cereals, food legumes, minor millets, and large amounts of livestock. All these are vital for national and regional food and nutritional security. Yet, the rainfed drylands have been relatively neglected in mainstream agricultural and rural development policy. As a result, significant social-ecological challenges overlap in these landscapes: endemic poverty, malnutrition and land degradation. Sustainable intensification of dryland agriculture is essential for helping to address these challenges, particularly in the context of accelerating climate change. In this paper, we present 100 questions that point to the most important knowledge gaps and research priorities. If addressed, these would facilitate and inform sustainable intensification in Indian rainfed drylands, leading to improved agricultural production and enhanced ecosystem services. The horizon scanning method used to produce these questions brought together experts and practitioners involved in a broad range of disciplines and sectors. This exercise resulted in a consolidated set of questions covering the agricultural drylands, organized into 13 themes. Together, these represent a collective programme for new cross- and multi-disciplinary research on sustainable intensification in the Indian rainfed drylands.
4 Taye, Meron Teferi; Haile, Alemseged Tamiru; Genet, A.; Geremew, Y.; Wassie, S.; Abebe, B.; Alemayehu, B. 2022. Data quality deterioration in the Lake Tana Sub-basin, Ethiopia: scoping study to provide streamflow and water withdrawal data. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 32p. (IWMI Working Paper 204) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2022.208]
Hydrological data ; Data quality ; Lakes ; Stream flow ; Water extraction ; Monitoring ; Flow measurement ; Water level measurement ; Data collection ; Surface water ; Water availability ; Water use ; Irrigation schemes ; Small scale systems ; Water supply ; Urban areas ; Rural settlement ; Drinking water ; Domestic water ; Industry ; Hydropower ; Livestock ; Rainfed agriculture ; Irrigated farming ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Water resources ; Water management ; Planning ; Stakeholders ; Partnerships ; River basin institutions ; Data management ; Alliances ; Climatic data ; Models / Ethiopia / Abbay Basin / Lake Tana Sub-Basin / Gilgel Abay River / Gumara River / Ribb River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H051149)
(3.63 MB)
This working paper was prepared under a research project from the Future Leaders – African Independent Research (FLAIR) fellowship programme – focusing on understanding hydrological changes in the Lake Tana sub-basin, Ethiopia, due to water abstraction, land use and climate change. FLAIR is funded by the UK government’s Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) through The Royal Society, UK. The study was jointly conducted by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and staff of the Abbay Basin Development Office (ABDO). The paper provides information on the deterioration of streamflow data quality in the sub-basin. It demonstrates how to support the sub-basin by generating primary data and compiling current water abstraction data that are relevant for development planning. The project showed the possibility of conducting such activities with limited financial resources and time constraints but with strong collaboration. This work also demonstrated the need for a data alliance among stakeholders in the sub-basin.
5 Brouziyne, Youssef; Abouabdillah, A.; Bouchaou, L.; Attar, O.; Ez-zaouy, Y.; Benaabidate, L.; Chehbouni, A. 2022. Toward better preparedness of Mediterranean rainfed agricultural systems to future climate-change-induced water stress: study case of Bouregreg Watershed (Morocco). Environmental Sciences Proceedings, 16(1):58. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022016058]
Rainfed agriculture ; Agricultural systems ; Water stress ; Climate change ; Forecasting ; Drought ; Crop yield ; Watersheds ; Catchment areas ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Models / Mediterranean Region / Morocco / Bouregreg Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051244)
https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4931/16/1/58/pdf?version=1655352260
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051244.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051244.pdf
(1.82 MB) (1.82 MB)
Improving the preparedness of agricultural systems to future climate-change-induced phenomena, such as drought-induced water stress, and the predictive analysis of their vulnerability is crucial. In this study, a hybrid modeling approach based on the SWAT model was built to understand the response of major crops and streamflow in the Bouregreg catchment in Morocco to future droughts. During dry years, the simulation results showed a dramatic decrease in water resources availability (up to -40%) with uneven impacts across the study catchment area. Crop-wise, significant decreases in rainfed wheat productivity (up to -55%) were simulated during future extremely dry growing seasons.
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