Your search found 4 records
1 Vrba, J.; Verhagen, B. T. (Eds.) 2011. Groundwater for emergency situations: a methodological guide. Paris, France: UNESCO. International Hydrological Programme (IHP). 316p. (UNESCO IHP-VII Series on Groundwater No. 3)
Water resources ; Groundwater recharge ; Disaster preparedness ; Drinking water ; Water supply ; Geology ; Hydrogeology ; Hydrology ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Mathematical models ; Risk assessment ; Risk management ; Water governance ; Policy ; Early warning systems ; Natural disasters ; Flooding ; Drought ; Earthquakes ; Landslides ; Tsunamis ; Storms ; Cyclones ; Volcanoes ; Water flow ; Aquifers ; Isotopes ; Case studies ; Sewage ; Drainage ; Rehabilitation ; Chemical composition ; Analytical methods ; Satellite surveys ; Satellite imagery ; Capacity building / South Africa / South Germany / Czech Republic / India / China / Peru / Maldives / Sri Lanka / Japan / Molasses Basin / Labe River / Elbe River / Orissa / Shenthen Xikeng Reservoir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044405)
(17.39 MB) (17.4MB)
The aim of the UNESCO IHP project ‘Groundwater for Emergency Situations’ (GWES) is to consider natural catastrophic events that could adversely influence human health and life and to identify in advance emergency groundwater resources resistant to natural disasters that could replace damaged public and domestic drinking water supplies. The GWES project was approved during the 15th session of the Intergovernmental Council of the International Hydrological Programme (IHP). It was included in the Implementation Plan of the Sixth Phase of the IHP (2002–2007), Theme 2: ‘Integrated watershed and aquifer dynamics’, under the title ‘Identification and management of strategic groundwater bodies to be used for emergency situations as a result of extreme events or in case of conflicts’. The Second phase of the GWES project is implemented within IHP VII (2008–2013) by an International Working Group composed of UNESCO, and IAH representatives and experts from different regions of the world.
2 Faye, S. C.; Diongue, M. L.; Pouye, A.; Gaye, C. B.; Travi, Y.; Wohnlich, S.; Faye, S.; Taylor, R. G. 2019. Tracing natural groundwater recharge to the Thiaroye Aquifer of Dakar, Senegal. Hydrogeology Journal, 27(3):1067-1080. (Special issue: Groundwater in Sub-Saharan Africa) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-018-01923-8]
Groundwater recharge ; Aquifers ; Semiarid zones ; Urban areas ; Groundwater flow ; Groundwater table ; Monsoon climate ; Rain ; Chemical composition ; Isotopes / Senegal / Dakar / Thiaroye aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049362)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10040-018-01923-8.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049362.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049362.pdf
(5.43 MB) (5.43 MB)
Urban groundwater in Sub-Saharan Africa provides vital freshwater to rapidly growing cities. In the Thiaroye aquifer of Dakar (Senegal), groundwater within Quaternary unconsolidated sands provided nearly half of the city’s water supply into the 1980s. Rising nitrate concentrations traced to faecal contamination sharply curtailed groundwater withdrawals, which now contribute just 5% to Dakar’s water supply. To understand the attenuation capacity of this urban aquifer under a monsoonal semi-arid climate, stable-isotope ratios of O and H and radioactive tritium (3H), compiled over several studies, are used together with piezometric data to trace the origin of groundwater recharge and groundwater flowpaths. Shallow groundwaters derive predominantly from modern rainfall (tritium >2 TU in 85% of sampled wells). d18O and d2H values in groundwater vary by >4 and 20‰, respectively, reflecting substantial variability in evaporative enrichment prior to recharge. These signatures in groundwater regress to a value on the local meteoric water line that is depleted in heavy isotopes relative to the weighted-mean average composition of local rainfall, a bias that suggests recharge derives preferentially from isotopically depleted rainfall observed during the latter part of the monsoon (September). The distribution of tritium in groundwater is consistent with groundwater flowpaths to seasonal lakes and wetlands, defined by piezometric records. Piezometric data further confirm the diffuse nature and seasonality of rain-fed recharge. The conceptual understanding of groundwater recharge and flow provides a context to evaluate attenuation of anthropogenic recharge that is effectively diffuse and constant from the vast network of sanitation facilities that drain to this aquifer.
3 Abiye, T. A.; Tshipala, D.; Leketa, K.; Villholth, Karen G.; Ebrahim, Girma Y.; Magombeyi, Manuel; Butler, M. 2020. Hydrogeological characterization of crystalline aquifer in the Hout River Catchment, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 11:100406. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100406]
Aquifers ; Hydrogeology ; Catchment areas ; Groundwater flow ; Groundwater table ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater irrigation ; Isotopes ; Rain / South Africa / Limpopo Province / Hout River Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049720)
(4.26 MB)
This study attempted to conceptualize the hydrogeological setting of the Hout River Catchment, located in the Limpopo River Basin, using multiple methods that include groundwater flow patterns, structural analysis, stable (18O, 2H and 13C) and radiogenic (14C) isotopes of water and Water Table Fluctuation methods. The hydrogeological system of the catchment is represented by fractured crystalline basement aquifer as the main host for groundwater and is overlain by weathered rocks that act as a vadose zone and shallow aquifer in various places. Groundwater from the fractured basement rocks is the main source of water for large-scale irrigation and domestic use. Potential aquifers in the area are evident within the Hout River granitic gneiss and the Goudplaats granitic gneiss besides the younger granites as a result of fracturing and weathering. Groundwater flow map shows a flow pattern from the southern part of the catchment towards the north-eastern part of the catchment dictated by dolerite dykes and tectonic lineaments that trend in the ENE and E direction (088° and 075°) with the dip angle of 50° to 55°. The deeper aquifer in the southern and central part of the catchment contain old groundwater with high salinity due to long residence time. The stable isotopes further confirmed the limited possibility of local recharge, with rather dominance of regional groundwater circulation into the catchment. The northern part of the catchment seems to be receiving recent recharge with the groundwater of high 14C content derived from the mountains that border the catchment.
4 Kebede, S.; Charles, K.; Godfrey, S.; MacDonald, A.; Taylor, R. G. 2021. Regional-scale interactions between groundwater and surface water under changing aridity: evidence from the River Awash Basin, Ethiopia. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 15p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2021.1874613]
Groundwater flow ; Surface water ; Drylands ; River basins ; Water security ; Lakes ; Reservoirs ; Water resources ; Aquifers ; Stream flow ; Discharges ; Salinity ; Irrigation water ; Water budget ; Wetlands ; Hydrology ; Electrical conductivity ; Isotopes / Ethiopia / Awash River Basin / Lake Beseka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050234)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02626667.2021.1874613
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050234.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050234.pdf
(8.05 MB) (8.05 MB)
Relationships between surface waters and groundwaters at basin scale are rarely investigated but have important implications for water resource development and management. Here, we integrate evidence from geochemical tracers and piezometry to advance the understanding of regional-scale, groundwater–surface water interactions in the River Awash Basin of Ethiopia. Hydrological characteristics are consistent with those observed in other semi-arid and arid basins where rivers are predominantly losing and act as a source of recharge rather than as a sink for groundwater discharge. Further, regional groundwater flow originating from the highlands exits the catchment rather than discharging to the riverine drainage. Consequently, groundwater abstraction from several regional-scale aquifers in the lowlands is not expected to impact river flow. However, salinity presents a major threat to irrigation and water supply. We identify critical areas for managing inflows, water use, wetlands and water quality that have significant implications for water security across the basin.
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