Your search found 20 records
1 Stewart, B. A.; Woolhiser, D. A.; Wischmeier, W. H.; Caro, J. H.; Frere, M. H.; Alt, K. F. 1976. Control of water pollution from cropland. Vol 2 - An overview. Washington, DC, USA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Hyattsville, MD, USA: U. S. Department of Agriculture. 187p.
Water pollution ; Farmland ; Hydrological cycle ; Models ; Agricultural practices ; Rain ; Runoff ; Erosion ; Sediment transport ; Sedimentation ; Nutrients ; Leaching ; Soil conservation ; Agricultural wastes ; Fertilizers ; Pesticides ; Aquatic environment ; Economic aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 STE Record No: H043857)
(0.08 MB)
2 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Tare, V. 2016. Ganga water quality: dirty past, promising future? In Bharati, Luna; Sharma, Bharat R.; Smakhtin, Vladimir (Eds.). The Ganges River Basin: status and challenges in water, environment and livelihoods. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.222-237. (Earthscan Series on Major River Basins of the World)
Water quality ; Water pollution ; Surface water ; Industrial wastewater ; Agricultural wastes ; Pesticides ; Urban wastes ; Solid wastes ; Sewage ; Public health ; Sanitation ; Ecosystems ; Fishes ; Economic impact ; Flow discharge ; River basin management ; Action plans ; Development programmes ; Appropriate technology ; Institutional development ; Stakeholders ; Financing / India / Ganga River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047816)
3 Grau, Felix; Drechsel, Nikita; Trautz, D.; Weerakody, J.; Ranaweera, B. 2016. Fertiliser derived from fecal sludge in Sri Lanka: analysis of plant nutritional value and heavy metal contamination. Paper presented at the Annual Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural and Natural Resource Management (Tropentag) Conference on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development, Vienna, Austria, 18-21 September 2016. 4p.
Faecal sludge ; Plant nutrition ; Heavy metals ; Contamination ; Organic fertilizers ; Organic carbon ; Organic matter ; Organic wastes ; Urban wastes ; Agricultural wastes ; Waste disposal ; Waste treatment ; Recycling ; Composting ; Sanitation / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047836)
4 Nartey, Eric Gbenatey; Amoah, Philip; Ofosu-Budu, G. K.; Muspratt, A.; Pradhan, Surendra Kumar. 2017. Effects of co-composting of faecal sludge and agricultural wastes on tomato transplant and growth. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 6(1):23-36. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40093-016-0149-z]
Faecal sludge ; Agricultural wastes ; Vegetables ; Tomatoes ; Transplanting ; Seedling production ; Composting ; Cocoa husks ; Solid wastes ; Organic wastes ; Greenhouse crops ; Inorganic fertilizers ; Temperature ; Nutrients ; Biochar ; Nitrogen ; Soil amendments ; Waste management
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047992)
http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs40093-016-0149-z.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047992.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047992.pdf
(585 KB)
Purpose: Faecal sludge (FS) has been co-composted with many organic solid wastes globally. Agricultural wastes, such as oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and cocoa pod husks (CPH), have received very little research attention as far as combining with FS is concerned. This study aimed at co-composting these wastes at different ratios to produce safe compost for use as soilless medium for raising tomato transplants. Methods: Dewatered FS (DFS) was mixed with shredded EFB and CPH at five different ratios: 1DFS:1EFB, 1DFS:1CPH, and DFS:EFB:CPH in ratios of 1:1:1, 2:1:1, and 2:2:1 and composted for 3 months. Select physicochemical parameters and pathogens were monitored every fortnightly and 3 weeks, respectively. Results: Maximum temperatures obtained ranged 46.8–54.5 °C. Though these temperatures were lower than sanitizing temperatures prescribed by USEPA, no E. coli was found in any of the piles at the end of composting. The ratio 2DFS:2EFB:1CPH was found to be the safest formulation and hence was used to grow tomato under greenhouse conditions. Tomato seeds were sown in three different growing media: 100% FS-based compost, 100% rice husk biochar, and 50% FS-based compost–50% rice husk biochar mix. Conclusion: Results showed that FS-based compost was a suitable growing medium for tomato. Further studies into the optimal rate and frequency of application of compost teas on tomato are recommended.
5 Drechsel, Pay; Otoo, Miriam; Paul, Johannes. (Eds.) 2017. Resource recovery from waste for agriculture, landscaping and aquaculture. Resources, 6(3):12, 19, 26, 30, 31(Special issue with contributions by IWMI authors).
Resource recovery ; Agricultural wastes ; Landscape ; Aquaculture ; Cost recovery ; Food wastes ; Business management ; Feasibility studies ; Phosphorus ; Energy recovery ; Composts ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048218)
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/resources/special_issues/landscaping_aquaculture
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048218_TOC.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048218_TOC.pdf
6 Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay. (Eds.) 2018. Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. 816p.
Resource recovery ; Waste management ; Business management ; Models ; Energy management ; Energy generation ; Renewable energy ; Nutrients ; Water reuse ; Low income areas ; Economic aspects ; Sanitation ; agricultural wastes ; Livestock wastes ; Organic wastes ; Organic fertilizers ; Organic matter ; Solid wastes ; Solid fuels ; Urban wastes ; Agricultural waste management ; Briquettes ; Biogas ; Faecal sludge ; Kitchen waste ; Food wastes ; Local communities ; Sustainability ; Industrial wastes ; Municipal authorities ; Abattoirs ; Ethanol ; Sugar industry ; Agroindustry ; Composting ; Cost recovery ; Public-private cooperation ; Partnerships ; Subsidies ; Carbon credits ; Excreta ; Urine ; Wastewater treatment ; Wastewater irrigation ; Forestry ; Aquaculture ; Farmers ; Fruits ; Wood production ; Financing ; Supply chain ; Fish feeding ; Risk management ; Private sector ; Private investment ; Freshwater ; Deltas ; Aquifers ; Groundwater recharge ; Downstream / Uganda / Rwanda / India / Kenya / Peru / Brazil / Mexico / Kenya / Thailand / Burkina Faso / Venezuela / Sri Lanka / Egypt / Bangladesh / Tunisia / Morocco / Ghana / Jordan / Iran / Spain / Kampala / Kigali / Sulabh / Nairobi / Santa Rosillo / Koppal / Bihar / Pune / Maharashtra / Mumias / Bangkok / Carabobo / Veracruz / Balangoda / Okhla / Bangalore / Ouagadougou / Mashhad Plain / Llobregat Delta / Tula Aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048622)
(28.1 MB)
7 Rao, Krishna C.; Gebrezgabher, Solomie. (Eds.) 2018. Energy recovery from organic waste - Section II. In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.34-313.
Energy recovery ; Energy generation ; Fuels ; Organic wastes ; Resource recovery ; Business management ; Models ; Briquettes ; Agricultural wastes ; Case studies ; Fuelwood ; Charcoal ; Biogas ; Bagasse ; Renewable energy ; Eenergy conservation ; Supply chain ; Socioeconomic environment ; Environmental impact ; Municipal wastes ; Solid wastes ; Public-private cooperation ; Partnerships ; Economic aspects ; Risk reduction ; Faecal sludge ; Food wastes ; Organic fertilizers ; Electrification ; Swine ; Abattoirs ; Industrial wastes ; Carbon credits ; Rice husks ; Rural areas ; Local authorities ; Ethanol ; Sugar industry ; Cassava / Uganda / Rwanda / India / Kenya / Peru / Brazil / Mexico / Thailand / Venezuela / Kampala / Kigali / Nairobi / Bihar / Maharashtra / Pune / Mumias / Dagoretti / Bangkok / Carabobo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048625)
(10.3 MB)
8 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Zadeh, S. M.; Unver, O.; De Souza, M.; Turral, H.; Burke, J. 2018. Setting the scene. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Zadeh, S. M.; Turral, H. (Eds.). More people, more food, worse water?: a global review of water pollution from agriculture. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.3-13.
Water pollution ; Agricultural wastes ; Crops ; Aquaculture ; Livestock ; Water quality ; Water scarcity ; Costs ; Sustainable development ; Aquatic environment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048856)
(544 KB)
9 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Turral, H.; Burke, J. 2018. Global drivers of water pollution from agriculture. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Zadeh, S. M.; Turral, H. (Eds.). More people, more food, worse water?: a global review of water pollution from agriculture. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.15-38.
Water pollution ; Agricultural wastes ; Food consumption ; Diet ; Income ; Population growth ; Farming systems ; Cropping systems ; Intensification ; Irrigated farming ; Fertilizer application ; Pesticide application ; Livestock production ; Aquaculture
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048857)
(1.47 MB)
10 Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Turral, H. 2018. Agricultural pollution sources and pathways. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Zadeh, S. M.; Turral, H. (Eds.). More people, more food, worse water?: a global review of water pollution from agriculture. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.41-51.
Water pollution ; Agricultural wastes ; Crops ; Aquaculture ; Livestock ; Water quality ; Pollutants ; Nutrients ; Pesticides ; Sediment ; Metals ; Organic matter ; Pathogens ; Salts
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048858)
(656 KB)
11 Zandaryaa, S.; Mateo-Sagasta, Javier. 2018. Organic matter, pathogens and emerging pollutants. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Zadeh, S. M.; Turral, H. (Eds.). More people, more food, worse water?: a global review of water pollution from agriculture. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.125-138.
Water pollution ; Organic matter ; Pathogens ; Pollutant load ; Agricultural wastes ; Wastewater ; Surface water ; Water quality ; Public health ; Aquatic environment ; Livestock
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048861)
(680 KB)
12 Otoo, Miriam; Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Danso, G.; Amewu, Sena; Amirova, Iroda. 2018. Market adoption and diffusion of fecal sludge-based fertilizer in developing countries: crosscountry analyses. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 68p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 12) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.228]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Faecal sludge ; Organic fertilizers ; Developing countries ; Market economies ; Market prices ; Assessment ; Excreta ; Fertilizer application ; Waste management ; Soil fertility ; Nutrients ; Liquid fertilizers ; Solid wastes ; Agricultural wastes ; Pelleting ; Economic development ; Economic analysis ; Cost recovery ; Sanitation ; Businesses ; Agricultural production ; Composting ; Farmers’ attitudes ; Incentives ; Partnerships / Ghana / Uganda / India / Sri Lanka / Vietnam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049028)
(2 MB)
The safe recovery of nutrients from our waste streams allows us to address the challenges of waste management and soil nutrient depletion conjointly. Commercialization of waste-based organic fertilizers such as FortiferTM (fecal sludge-based co-compost) has the potential to generate significant benefits for developing economies via cost recovery for the sanitation sector and the provision of an alternative agricultural input for smallholder farmers. To guide future FortiferTM businesses, this report presents examples of detailed market assessments, based on farmers’ perceptions, attitudes and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a pelletized and non-pelletized FortiferTM co-compost. The research was conducted in the Greater Accra and Western regions in Ghana, and in and around Kampala (Uganda), Bangalore (India), Hanoi (Vietnam), and Kurunegala (Sri Lanka). Cross-country analyses helped to understand the effects of market drivers and, where possible, capture lessons learned for knowledge sharing.
13 Lazurko, Anita. 2018. Assessing the value of resource recovery and reuse: social, environmental and economic costs and benefits for value creation and human well-being. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 41p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 13) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.229]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Water reuse ; Socioeconomic environment ; Environmental impact assessment ; Economic value ; Economic growth ; Cost benefit analysis ; Wastewater treatment ; Agroindustrial sector ; Agricultural wastes ; Industrial wastes ; Organic wastes ; Municipal wastes ; Solid wastes ; Food wastes ; Waste disposal ; Waste management ; Faecal sludge ; Decision making ; Decision analysis ; Farming systems ; Ecosystem services ; Equity ; Groundwater management ; Energy generation ; Biogas ; Composting ; Anaerobic digesters ; Rural communities ; Developing countries ; Fortification ; Social aspects ; Living standards ; Urban areas ; Nutrients ; Case studies / Spain / Italy / China / Israel / Thailand / Eastern Africa / Italy / Iraq / Malaysia / Ghana / USA
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049081)
(1 MB)
To understand the full value of Resource Recovery and Reuse (RRR), a systematic assessment approach that balances complexity with practicality is required. This report highlights the methods available for quantifying and valuing social, environmental and economic costs and benefits of RRR, focusing on Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) as the primary framework. Rather than prescribing a standardized technique for conducting CBA for RRR, this report presents broad frameworks and several examples that can be catered to individual contexts. This results in a suggested eight-step process accompanied with suggested assessment techniques which have to be tailored to the type of question the assessment is meant to answer and related system boundaries.
14 Wang, M.; Tang, T.; Burek, P.; Havlik, P.; Krisztin, T.; Kroeze, C.; Leclere, D.; Strokal, M.; Wada, Y.; Wang, Y.; Langan, Simon. 2019. Increasing nitrogen export to sea: a scenario analysis for the Indus River. Science of the Total Environment, 694:133629. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133629]
Water pollution ; Sea pollution ; Chemical contamination ; Nitrogen ; River basins ; International waters ; Agricultural wastes ; Human wastes ; Climate change ; Nutrient management ; Socioeconomic development ; Models ; Estimation / Pakistan / India / China / Afghanistan / Indus River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049540)
(2.41 MB)
The Indus River Basin faces severe water quality degradation because of nutrient enrichment from human activities. Excessive nutrients in tributaries are transported to the river mouth, causing coastal eutrophication. This situation may worsen in the future because of population growth, economic development, and climate change. This study aims at a better understanding of the magnitude and sources of current (2010) and future (2050) river export of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) by the Indus River at the sub-basin scale. To do this, we implemented the MARINA 1.0 model (Model to Assess River Inputs of Nutrients to seAs). The model inputs for human activities (e.g., agriculture, land use) were mainly from the GLOBIOM (Global Biosphere Management Model) and EPIC (Environmental Policy Integrated Model) models. Model inputs for hydrology were from the Community WATer Model (CWATM). For 2050, three scenarios combining Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs 1, 2 and 3) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs 2.6 and 6.0) were selected. A novelty of this study is the sub-basin analysis of future N export by the Indus River for SSPs and RCPs. Result shows that river export of TDN by the Indus River will increase by a factor of 1.6–2 between 2010 and 2050 under the three scenarios. N90% of the dissolved N exported by the Indus River is from midstream sub-basins. Human waste is expected to be the major source, and contributes by 66–70% to river export of TDN in 2050 depending on the scenarios. Another important source is agriculture, which contributes by 21–29% to dissolved inorganic N export in 2050. Thus a combined reduction in both diffuse and point sources in the midstream sub-basins can be effective to reduce coastal water pollution by nutrients at the river mouth of Indus.
15 Mansour, G.; Darteh, B.; Jabagi, E.; Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke. 2021. Supporting enterprises in capturing waste value: lessons learned from the CapVal sanitation project in Ghana. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 39p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.221]
Business models ; Circular economy ; Urban areas ; Waste management ; Wastewater treatment ; Solid wastes ; Waste treatment ; Faecal sludge ; Sawdust ; Agricultural wastes ; Urban wastes ; Urban agriculture ; Urban development ; Energy generation ; Forestry ; Composting ; Briquettes ; Aquaculture ; Public-private partnerships ; Stakeholders ; Product certification ; Project implementation ; Land acquisitions ; Marketing ; Employment / Ghana / Eastern Region / Somanya / Akorley
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050664)
(2.34 MB)
16 Khan, F.; Ali, Y. 2022. Moving towards a sustainable circular bio-economy in the agriculture sector of a developing country. Ecological Economics, 196:107402. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107402]
Circular economy ; Bioeconomy ; Sustainability ; Waste management ; Developing countries ; Agricultural wastes ; Recycling ; Biomass ; Biofertilizers ; Anaerobic treatment ; Decision making ; Models / Pakistan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051198)
(1.19 MB)
To achieve higher standards of sustainability, Pakistan has to shift towards the adoption of the Circular Bio-Economy (CBE) approach in its agriculture sector. However, to aid this transition, the determination of a sustainable waste management technology and supporting strategies is very essential. For this purpose, a hybrid methodology based on fuzzy Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) and fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is developed. The fuzzy approach used in both the cases is to address any sort of ambiguity during the decision-making process. From the fuzzy SWOT analysis, the decision-makers allocated the most importance to the “ease of adoption” criteria, among the list of internal factors. Whereas, from the list of external factors, the most importance was allocated to the “price competitiveness with respect to fossil feedstock” criteria. Also, composting and anaerobic digestion are considered to be the most sustainable technologies for valorizing the agricultural waste of Pakistan. However, composting showcases more opportunities for its adoption as compared to anaerobic digestion. Whereas, results from fuzzy TOPSIS suggest the provision of financial support to both the local farmers and investors to be the top-ranked strategy for the successful implementation of the CBE approach.
17 Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Taron, Avinandan; Odero, J.; Sanfo, S.; Ouedraogo, Ramata; Salack, S.; Diarra, K.; Ouedraogo, S.; Ojungobi, K. 2022. Circular bioeconomy business models - energy recovery from agricultural waste: cases from Kenya and Burkina Faso. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Nature-Positive Solutions. 37p.
Circular economy ; Bioeconomy ; Business models ; Energy recovery ; Agricultural wastes ; Biogas ; Fertilizers ; Resource recovery ; Waste management ; Public-private partnerships ; Markets ; Value chains ; Technology ; Financial analysis ; Environmental impact ; Health hazards ; Case studies / Kenya / Burkina Faso
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051646)
(1.14 MB)
Agricultural waste can be widely adopted to manufacture biogas or biofuel, which is obtained from biomass or agricultural wastes like molasses, bagasse slurries manure etc. Agricultural waste is mostly burned or left decomposing on the fields, where it has potential for polluting the environment and release greenhouse gases. Recovering energy helps to (i) reduce greenhouse emissions by reducing environmental pollution from unwanted biomasses otherwise being burnt in the field; (ii) improve energy efficiency in heating systems from renewable energy sources; (iii) introduce renewable energy by substituting carbon neutral biomass for hydro-carbons (coal, heavy oil and gas); and (iv) Recycle ash residues or slurry as a fertilizer.
The present report covers four case studies from Kenya and Burkina Faso related to recovering energy from agrowaste. Biogas International Limited (BIL) is a public private venture in Kenya involved in collection of market waste and recovering biogas, compost, liquid bio fertilizer. The Dunga Beach biogas plant in Kenya turns the invasive water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on the shores of Lake Victoria to biogas energy, an alternative to charcoal burning for fish vendors at the beach. Keveye Girls is a boarding high school located in Vihiga County. Through consultations and interventions by the Department of Agriculture and Livestock at Vihiga County, Keveye Girls now converts cow dung into biogas, which is then used to power the school’s science laboratories and kitchen as an alternative to LPG gas and wood energy. Similar case studies exist in Burkina Faso. FasoBiogaz, an SME was founded by two Dutch entrepreneurs and supported by the Dutch government and is fully operated by a local team. FasoBiogaz operates the first industrial biogas plant connected to the SONABEL power grid and provides innovative resource recovery solutions producing 550 KW of power.
The present report covers four case studies from Kenya and Burkina Faso related to recovering energy from agrowaste. Biogas International Limited (BIL) is a public private venture in Kenya involved in collection of market waste and recovering biogas, compost, liquid bio fertilizer. The Dunga Beach biogas plant in Kenya turns the invasive water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on the shores of Lake Victoria to biogas energy, an alternative to charcoal burning for fish vendors at the beach. Keveye Girls is a boarding high school located in Vihiga County. Through consultations and interventions by the Department of Agriculture and Livestock at Vihiga County, Keveye Girls now converts cow dung into biogas, which is then used to power the school’s science laboratories and kitchen as an alternative to LPG gas and wood energy. Similar case studies exist in Burkina Faso. FasoBiogaz, an SME was founded by two Dutch entrepreneurs and supported by the Dutch government and is fully operated by a local team. FasoBiogaz operates the first industrial biogas plant connected to the SONABEL power grid and provides innovative resource recovery solutions producing 550 KW of power.
18 Taron, Avinandan; Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Sanfo, S.; Ouedraogo, R.; Salack, S.; Diarra, K.; Ouedraogo, S.; Ojungobi, K.; Muthuswamy, S.; Malviya, T.; Odero, J.; Liem, D. D.; Tripathi, Mansi. 2022. Circular bioeconomy business models - recovering food products to reduce agricultural waste: cases from Burkina Faso, India, Kenya and Vietnam. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Nature-Positive Solutions. 41p.
Circular economy ; Bioeconomy ; Business models ; Agricultural wastes ; Resource recovery ; Composting ; Livestock feed ; Food products ; Markets ; Value chains ; Technology ; Financial analysis ; Environmental impact ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Health hazards / Burkina Faso / India / Kenya / Vietnam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051647)
(1.79 MB)
Agricultural waste represents untapped resources that can be used to produce large value added products with many potential industrial applications. On-farm food waste comprises of harvest and post-harvest waste amounting to 1.2 billion tons per annum and measures up to USD 370 million. Production of food products and other outputs (like biofuel and compost) help in reduction of on-farm food waste and provide livelihood opportunities for the rural households. This reports highlights some innovative approaches across four countries which lead to reduction to food waste.
The report cover 6 cases located in Burkina Faso, India, Kenya and Vietnam. The two business models identified in Ouagadougou are – (i) Waka group, that repurpose mango residues in to sweet and bio-vinyl vinegar called MISSIM vinegar, and (ii) SOFAB-SA utilizes oilseeds (such as peanuts, cotton, and soybeans) with blue cheese bran or corn, salt, or any other micro-ingredient to produce feed for livestock. From India, two such case studies are included – (i) Sai Shubhada agro industries is located in Ahmednagar, (Maharashtra, India), and converts bagasse, [a pulpy and fibrous residue of the sugarcane processing] into organic jiggery, and (ii) Arogyasangini Oil Mill, Mill has embarked on the mission to reintroduce oil extracted from the safflower seeds. Nadanya Greens located in Mbale, (Vihiga, Kenya) is exploring the use of farm waste from livestock to produce feeds for fish reared through three fish ponds. Xuan Tien Agricultural Cooperative, located at Yen Chau (Son La province, Vietnam), converts mango which is otherwise wasted post-harvest.
The report cover 6 cases located in Burkina Faso, India, Kenya and Vietnam. The two business models identified in Ouagadougou are – (i) Waka group, that repurpose mango residues in to sweet and bio-vinyl vinegar called MISSIM vinegar, and (ii) SOFAB-SA utilizes oilseeds (such as peanuts, cotton, and soybeans) with blue cheese bran or corn, salt, or any other micro-ingredient to produce feed for livestock. From India, two such case studies are included – (i) Sai Shubhada agro industries is located in Ahmednagar, (Maharashtra, India), and converts bagasse, [a pulpy and fibrous residue of the sugarcane processing] into organic jiggery, and (ii) Arogyasangini Oil Mill, Mill has embarked on the mission to reintroduce oil extracted from the safflower seeds. Nadanya Greens located in Mbale, (Vihiga, Kenya) is exploring the use of farm waste from livestock to produce feeds for fish reared through three fish ponds. Xuan Tien Agricultural Cooperative, located at Yen Chau (Son La province, Vietnam), converts mango which is otherwise wasted post-harvest.
19 Rodríguez-Espinosa, T.; Papamichael, I.; Voukkali, I.; Gimeno, A. P.; Candel, M. B. A.; Navarro-Pedreno, J.; Zorpas, A. A.; Lucas, I. G. 2023. Nitrogen management in farming systems under the use of agricultural wastes and circular economy. Science of the Total Environment, 876:162666. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162666]
Circular economy ; Farming systems ; Agricultural wastes ; Organic wastes ; Organic agriculture ; Inorganic fertilizers ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Nutrient management ; Farmers ; Organic carbon ; Crop yield ; Organic matter ; Organic residues ; Food security ; Sustainable development ; Recycling ; Soil fertility
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051863)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723012822/pdfft?md5=36426ff355b05c3a9ad245a419cc9956&pid=1-s2.0-S0048969723012822-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051863.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051863.pdf
(1.88 MB) (1.88 MB)
Population growth leads to an increase in the demand for energy, water, and food as cities grow and urbanize. However, the Earth's limited resources are unable to meet these rising demands. Modern farming practices increase productivity, but waste resources and consume too much energy. Agricultural activities occupy 50 % of all habitable land. After a rise of 80 % in 2021, fertilizer prices have increased by nearly 30 % in 2022, representing a significant cost for farmers. Sustainable and organic farming has the potential to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers and increase the utilization of organic residues as a nitrogen (N) source for plant nutrition. Agricultural management typically prioritizes nutrient cycling and supply for crop growth, whereas the mineralization of added biomass regulates crop nutrient supply and CO2 emissions. To reduce overconsumption of natural resources and environmental damage, the current economic model of “take-make-use-dispose” must be replaced by “prevention-reuse-remake-recycle”. The circular economy model is promising for preserving natural resources and providing sustainable, restorative, and regenerative farming. Technosols and organic wastes can improve food security, ecosystem services, the availability of arable land, and human health. This study intends to investigate the nitrogen nutrition provided by organic wastes to agricultural systems, reviewing the current state of knowledge and demonstrating how common organic wastes can be utilized to promote sustainable farming management. Nine waste residues were selected to promote sustainability in farming based on circular economy and zero waste criteria. Using standard methods, their water content, organic matter, total organic carbon, Kjeldahl nitrogen, and ammonium levels were determined, along with their potential to improve soil fertility via N supply and technosol formulation. 10 % to 15 % of organic waste was mineralized and analysed during a six-month cultivation cycle. Through the results, the combination of organic and inorganic fertilization to increase crop yield is recommended, as is the search for realistic and practical methods of dealing with massive amounts of organic residues within the context of a circular economy.
20 Taron, Avinandan; Majumder, A.; Bodach, Susanne; Agbefu, Dzifa. 2023. Public-private partnerships for the circular bio-economy in the Global South: lessons learned. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 50p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 22) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.205]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Circular economy ; Bioeconomy ; Public-private partnerships ; Developing countries ; Case studies ; Waste management ; Solid wastes ; Recycling ; Composting ; Organic wastes ; Organic fertilizers ; Bioenergy ; Biogas ; Briquettes ; Business models ; Markets ; Scaling up ; Appropriate technology ; Innovation ; Financial analysis ; Risk management ; Policies ; Regulations ; Legal frameworks ; Economic viability ; Feasibility studies ; Project design ; Costs ; Environmental assessment ; Social analysis ; Infrastructure ; Investment ; Marketing ; Small and medium enterprises ; Stakeholders ; Municipal authorities ; Procurement planning ; Contracts ; Sustainability ; Carbon credits ; Climate change mitigation ; Agricultural wastes ; Faecal sludge ; Soil quality ; Communities ; Awareness / Asia / Africa / India / Bangladesh / Ghana / Sri Lanka / Pakistan / Rwanda / Indonesia / Somanya / Bulta / Matara / Lahore / Pune / Kigali / Karnataka / New Delhi / Sakhipur / Kolkata / Temesi / Tema / Timarpur
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052155)
(6.20 MB)
Processing biomass from different waste streams into marketable products such as organic fertilizer and bio-energy is increasingly realized through public-private partnerships (PPPs). In developing countries, the private sector can be expected to contribute technical skills, organizational capabilities and marketing expertise, and leverage capital inflow. In contrast, the public sector will provide the regulatory framework and help its enforcement, plan public investment, involve and educate stakeholders, and ensure waste supply.
This report reviews case studies that implemented PPPs in resource recovery and reuse (RRR) from waste streams with a particular focus on Asia and Africa, including those PPPs facilitated by the authors. Critical factors behind the success and failure of these cases are analyzed. The review indicates three key barriers to success: (i) waste-related bottlenecks, (ii) limited awareness about RRR products and their market(ing), and (iii) lack of proper institutional frameworks. Common shortfalls concern failure to meet commitments related to the quality and quantity of waste, missing understanding of the reuse market, etc. The report points out mitigation measures addressing possible challenges around appropriate technologies, finance and revenue streams, legal issues, as well as social and environmental concerns. It is required to establish close monitoring, appropriate procurement mechanisms and due diligence during the project preparation and pre-bid. If possible, such a PPP project should consider risk and commercial viability assessment as well as financial strategy planning (scaling).
Successful involvement of the private sector in the RRR market is critical to close the resource loop and safeguard human and environmental health, which is the overarching objective of sustainable waste management.
This report reviews case studies that implemented PPPs in resource recovery and reuse (RRR) from waste streams with a particular focus on Asia and Africa, including those PPPs facilitated by the authors. Critical factors behind the success and failure of these cases are analyzed. The review indicates three key barriers to success: (i) waste-related bottlenecks, (ii) limited awareness about RRR products and their market(ing), and (iii) lack of proper institutional frameworks. Common shortfalls concern failure to meet commitments related to the quality and quantity of waste, missing understanding of the reuse market, etc. The report points out mitigation measures addressing possible challenges around appropriate technologies, finance and revenue streams, legal issues, as well as social and environmental concerns. It is required to establish close monitoring, appropriate procurement mechanisms and due diligence during the project preparation and pre-bid. If possible, such a PPP project should consider risk and commercial viability assessment as well as financial strategy planning (scaling).
Successful involvement of the private sector in the RRR market is critical to close the resource loop and safeguard human and environmental health, which is the overarching objective of sustainable waste management.
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