Your search found 11 records
1 Mai, V. T.; Van Keulen, H.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Hessel, R. 2008. Spatial simulation of nitrogen leaching from intensive agriculture in northern Vietnam. In Proceedings of International Symposium on GeoInformatics for Spatial-Infrastructure Development in Earth and Allied Sciences (GIS-IDEAS), Hanoi, Vietnam, 4-6 December 2008. Wageningen, Netherlands: Wageningen UR Publication. pp.383-388.
Simulation models ; Calibration ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Leaching ; Irrigated farming ; Groundwater ; Percolation ; Intensive farming ; Spatial distribution ; Vegetables ; Cabbages / Vietnam / Tam Duong District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041856)
http://wgrass.media.osaka-cu.ac.jp/gisideas08/viewpaper.php?id=288
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041856.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041856.pdf
(0.21 MB)
2 Young, S. M.; Pitawala, A.; Gunatilake, J. 2010. Fate of phosphate and nitrate in waters of an intensive agricultural area in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. Paddy and Water Environment, 8(1):71-79. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-009-0186-6]
Phosphates ; Nitrates ; Nutrients ; Water quality ; Groundwater ; Surface water ; Fertilizers ; Intensive farming ; Wells ; Canals ; Arid zones / Sri Lanka / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042967)
(0.42 MB)
The chemistry of surface waters and groundwater draining agricultural catchments in the north-central and northwestern areas of Sri Lanka is described. Hydrochemical data from 296 water samples are used to evaluate water quality and to identify the processes that control nitrate and phosphate concentrations in the water. The results indicate that nutrient concentrations in the groundwaters are greater than those in the surface waters. Increased nutrient levels were observed in groundwater in a selected area in the fortnight following fertilizer application. Detailed geochemical investigations of selected groundwater samples reveal a gradual rise of nitrate–N and other solutes along the horizontal flow direction. Compared to the application rates of fertilizer in the area, the average nutrient concentrations in all waters are relatively low (1.5 mg/l nitrate and 0.5 mg/l phosphate) and stable. The results suggest that prevailing reducing conditions, iron-rich overburden soil cover and manmade canal networks control nutrient accumulation in the groundwater.
3 Mai, V. T.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Van Keulen, H.; Hessel, R. 2013. Spatial modelling for nitrogen leaching from intensive farming in Red River Delta of Vietnam. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 10(3):51-61.
Intensive farming ; Nitrogen ; Leaching ; Rivers ; Deltas ; Irrigation ; Land use ; Soil water content ; Vegetables ; Crop production ; Fertilizers ; Weather ; Models ; Calibration / Vietnam / Tam Duong District / Red River Delta
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046039)
(1.12 MB)
In this study, a spatial dynamic model was developed, to simulate nitrogen dynamics in Van Hoi commune, Tam Duong district, Vietnam, for different soil and land use types, under different irrigation and fertilizer regimes. The model has been calibrated using measured nitrogen concentrations in soil solution in March and August 2004 and validated for data from March and August 2005. Lateral flow was low in this level area. Percolation was the main process leading to high nitrogen leaching losses to ground water. Calculated annual leaching losses varied from 88 to 122 kg N ha–1 in flowers, 64 to 82 in vegetables of the cabbage group, 51 to 76 in chili, 56 to 75 in vegetables of the squash group, and 36 to 55 in rice.
4 Buisson, Marie-Charlotte. 2015. What does pump sets electrification change? impacts on cropping patterns, productivity and incomes in West Bengal. Paper presented at the ICID 26th Euro-Mediterranean Regional Conference and Workshops on Innovate to Improve Irrigation Performances. Workshop: Irrigation and Energy, Montpellier, France, 12-15 October 2015. 5p.
Groundwater irrigation ; Pumps ; Tube wells ; Electrification ; Energy policies ; Agricultural development ; Water market ; Cropping patterns ; Seasonal cropping ; Rice ; Intensive farming ; Productivity ; Farm income ; Cost benefit analysis ; Farmers / India / West Bengal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047391)
(0.27 MB) (276 KB)
West Bengal is currently implementing new policies facilitating the access to electrified irrigation for farmers and expects to initiate a second Green Revolution. Based on primary data, this paper aims to estimate the potential impact of these electrification policies. Using a discontinuity design and propensity score methods, we identify that electrification induces a significant change in the cropping patterns and more water intensive crops, especially boro rice, are preferred by farmers. In addition, the cropping intensity is also higher for electric pump owners. However, we cannot identify any significant quantity impact, which means that the yields are not benefitting from an access to electric pumps. On the contrary, there is a significant and positive price effect for boro rice: the farmers irrigating with electrified tubewells have significantly higher value added and consequently higher incomes from their farming activities. Finally, we identify a positive impact of tubewell electrification on the number of irrigations; considered together with the absence of impact on yields, this result questions the sustainability of the electrification policies to manage the groundwater resource.
5 Siderius, C.; Boonstra, H.; Munaswamy, V.; Ramana, C.; Kabat, P.; van Ierland, E.; Hellegers, P. 2015. Climate-smart tank irrigation: a multi-year analysis of improved conjunctive water use under high rainfall variability. Agricultural Water Management, 148:52-62. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.09.009]
Irrigation systems ; Tank irrigation ; Rehabilitation ; Climate change ; Water use ; Conjunctive use ; Rain ; Groundwater ; Water productivity ; Performance evaluation ; Intensive farming ; Crop yield ; Farm income ; Farmers ; Case studies / India / Andhra Pradesh / Musilipedu Tank
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047426)
(2.42 MB)
Although water harvesting is receiving renewed attention as a strategy to cope with increasing seasonal and inter-annual rainfall variability, many centuries-old local water-harvesting reservoirs (tanks) in India are rapidly deteriorating. Easy access to groundwater is seen as one of the major threats to their maintenance and functioning. Potentially, however, conjunctive use of water from rain, tanks and groundwater reserves, supported by proper monitoring, could improve the resilience and productivity of traditional tank irrigation systems. To date, few quantitative multi-annual analyses of such climate-smart systems have been published. To redress this, we assess the sustainability of a rehabilitated tank irrigation system, by monitoring all inputs and outputs over a period of six years (12 cropping seasons). Our results show that during the period considered, improved conjunctive use resulted in a more stable cropping intensity, increased economic water productivity and higher net agricultural income. Groundwater tables were not negatively affected. We argue that improved conjunctive use can considerably reduce the vulnerability of tank irrigation to rainfall variability and thus is a valuable strategy in light of future climate change.
6 Amjath-Babu, T. S.; Krupnik, T. J.; Kaechele, H.; Aravindakshan, S.; Sietz, D. 2016. Transitioning to groundwater irrigated intensified agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa: an indicator based assessment. Agricultural Water Management, 168:125-135. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.01.016]
Groundwater irrigation ; Farming systems ; Transitional farming ; Intensive farming ; Indicators ; Principal component analysis ; Agricultural development ; Sustainable agriculture ; Population growth ; Market access ; Economic impact ; Social aspects ; Food security / Africa South of Sahara / Burkina Faso / Ghana / Malawi / Ethiopia / Nigeria / Zambia / Namibia / Cameroon / Zimbabwe / Kenya
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047631)
(0.89 MB)
Growing populations, changing market conditions, and the food security risks posed by rainfed cropping and climate change collectively indicate that Sub-Saharan African nations could benefit from transforming agricultural production to more intensive yet resilient and sustainable systems. Although highly underutilized, emerging evidence indicates that groundwater may be more widely available than previously thought, highlighting its potential role in facilitating such a transformation. Nevertheless, the possibility for such a transition is conditioned by number of complex factors. We therefore construct a transition index that integrates data considering groundwater and energy availability and cost, market access, infrastructural needs, farm conditions and natural resource stocks, labor availability, climate, population density, as well as economic and political framework variables, using a principal component analysis based methodology. Using the consequent multi-dimensional transition index and constituent intermediate indices, we provide an assessment of groundwater irrigation potential discussed in consideration of Burkina Faso, Ghana, Malawi, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Zambia, Namibia, Cameroon, and Zimbabwe. Our results, though preliminary, provide a methodology for conducting such an integrated assessment, while deriving a holistic set of policy options considering the transition towards appropriate use of groundwater for agricultural development.
7 Datta, N. 2015. Evaluating impacts of watershed development program on agricultural productivity, income, and livelihood in Bhalki Watershed of Bardhaman district, West Bengal. World Development, 66:443-456. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.08.024]
Watershed management ; Development programmes ; Impact assessment ; Farmers ; Households ; Living standards ; Socioeconomic environment ; Models ; Indicators ; Intensive farming ; Diversification ; Productivity ; Farm income ; Costs ; Estimation ; Villages / India / West Bengal / Bardhaman District / Bhalki Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047704)
(0.76 MB)
Watershed development facilitates in reducing the vulnerability of farm income to weather-induced shocks in rain-fed lands in India. The present paper estimates homogeneous as well as non-homogeneous effects of watershed development on farmers demonstrating a huge discrepancy in estimated values between two. It shows that initial differences in resource endowments, access to formal credit, education level, and caste membership can result in inequalities in the impact of watershed development programs on targeted parameters. The analysis also establishes the sensitivity of the estimates to the general level of multivariate imbalance as well as univariate imbalance in confounding covariates.
8 Srivastava, P. K.; Singh, R. M. 2016. GIS based integrated modelling framework for agricultural canal system simulation and management in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Agricultural Water Management, 163:37-47. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.08.025]
Irrigation systems ; Irrigation canals ; GIS ; Models ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater table ; Water depletion ; Water supply ; Water use efficiency ; Conjunctive use ; Water requirements ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Soil moisture ; Intensive farming ; Cropping patterns ; Land use ; Socioeconomic development / India / Uttar Pradesh / Indo-Gangetic Plain
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047740)
(3.11 MB)
Management of canal system for agricultural production is challenging. The work presents GIS based integrated modelling, which integrates soil moisture accounting and irrigation water requirement module, rainfall–runoff module, system loss module and groundwater flow system module. Developed model is employed to evaluate different water management scenarios such as change in rainfall sequence (wet, normal and dry season), change in canal water supply, impact of canal lining and impact of land use changes including their socio–economic implications. The application of model is illustrated with real application in a part of Indo-Gangetic plain of Uttar Pradesh in India. It has been demonstrated that canal water use efficiency in diversion canal systems can be increased up to 58 percent.
9 Khan, H. F.; Morzuch, B. J.; Brown, C. M. 2017. Water and growth: an econometric analysis of climate and policy impacts. Water Resources Research, 53(6):5124-5136. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR020054]
Water stress ; Economic growth ; Climate change ; Policy making ; Econometrics ; Regression analysis ; Models ; Intensive farming ; Hydroclimatology ; Weather hazards ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; River basins ; Surface runoff
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048200)
(1.76 MB)
Water-related hazards such as floods, droughts, and disease cause damage to an economy through the destruction of physical capital including property and infrastructure, the loss of human capital, and the interruption of economic activities, like trade and education. The question for policy makers is whether the impacts of water-related risk accrue to manifest as a drag on economic growth at a scale suggesting policy intervention. In this study, the average drag on economic growth from water-related hazards faced by society at a global level is estimated. We use panel regressions with various specifications to investigate the relationship between economic growth and hydroclimatic variables at the country-river basin level. In doing so, we make use of surface water runoff variables never used before. The analysis of the climate variables shows that water availability and water hazards have significant effects on economic growth, providing further evidence beyond earlier studies finding that precipitation extremes were at least as important or likely more important than temperature effects. We then incorporate a broad set of variables representing the areas of infrastructure, institutions, and information to identify the characteristics of a region that determine its vulnerability to water-related risks. The results identify water scarcity, governance, and agricultural intensity as the most relevant measures affecting vulnerabilities to climate variability effects.
10 Durga, Neha; Rai, Gyan Prakash. 2018. Catalysing competitive irrigation service markets in North Bihar: the case of Chakhaji Solar Irrigation Service Market. In ACCESS Development Services. Sitaram Rao Livelihoods India Case Study Compendium 2018. New Delhi, India: ACCESS Development Services. pp.1-12.
Irrigation water ; Markets ; Irrigation methods ; Solar energy ; Pumps ; Entrepreneurs ; Costs ; Subsidies ; Intensive farming ; Crop yield ; Villages ; Farmers / India / Bihar / Chakhaji Solar Irrigation Service Market
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049312)
(3.26 MB)
11 Tran, T. A.; Tuan, L. A. 2020. Policy transfer into flood management in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: a North Vam Nao study. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 36(1):106-126. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2019.1568862]
Water management ; Flood control ; Water governance ; Policies ; Decision making ; Participatory approaches ; Agricultural production ; Rice ; Intensive farming ; Institutions ; Communities ; Infrastructure ; Stakeholders ; Case studies / Vietnam / Mekong Delta / North Vam Nao scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049520)
(2.12 MB)
Water-management practices in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta have predominantly focused on structural development (e.g., dykes) to support rice-based agricultural production. Given the existing conventional approach, however, many of these efforts have been rendered ineffective . This study adopts the policy transfer concept to investigate how the participatory approach is introduced into the local institutional system, and how it shapes the construction, operation and management of the North Vam Nao scheme. Results suggest that this allowed stakeholders to engage collaboratively in these processes. The study contributes an empirical understanding of how policy transfer enhances institutional capacity for water resources management in the delta.
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