Your search found 26 records
1 Baran, E.; Jantunen, T.; Chheng, P.; Hoanh, Chu Thai. 2010. Integrated management of aquatic resources: a Bayesian approach to water control and trade-offs in southern Vietnam. In Hoanh, Chu Thai; Szuster, B. W.; Kam, S. P.; Ismail, A. M; Noble, Andrew D. (Eds.). Tropical deltas and coastal zones: food production, communities and environment at the land-water interface. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Penang, Malaysia: WorldFish Center; Los Banos, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI); Bangkok, Thailand: FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific; Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF). pp.133-143. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 9)
Models ; Water control ; Coastal area ; Sluices ; Water quality ; Shrimp culture ; Household food security / Vietnam / Mekong Delta / Bac Lieu Province
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 551.457 G000 HOA Record No: H043037)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/CABI_Publications/CA_CABI_Series/Coastal_Zones/protected/9781845936181.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043037.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043037.pdf
(0.46 MB) (5.08 MB)
The BayFish–Bac Lieu model presented in this chapter is a Bayesian model that aims to identify optimal water control regimes and trade-offs between water uses in order to improve management of water-dependent resources in the inland coastal area of Bac Lieu Province, Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The model was developed between 2004 and 2007 and integrated local databases, outputs from the Vietnam River Systems and Plains (VRSAP) model and stakeholder consultations. The model facilitates analyses of the consequences of different water management scenarios (quantitative and qualitative) on rice, fish, crab and shrimp production in the province. However, beyond production, trade-offs between household income, food security or environmental protection were also identified during the model development process. Subsequently, the BayFish–Bac Lieu model allows detailing of: (i) annual production probabilities in the case of a baseline scenario; (ii) outcomes of four different sluice gate operation modes; and (iii) trade-offs between household income, food security and environment outcomes for each scenario. The model shows that through improved shrimp farming and fish production, total household income benefits directly from open sluice gates allowing saline intrusion. However, this has the opposite effect on rice production, and on food security. Results suggest that a suitable compromise involving at least one sluice gate open at all times should be adopted for optimized outcomes.
2 Breisinger, C.; Ecker, O.; Maystadt, J.; Trinh Tan, J.; Al-Riffai, P.; Bouzar, K.; Sma, A.; Abdelgadir, M. 2014. How to build resilience to conflict: the role of food security. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 38p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896295667]
Household food security ; Food policies ; Conflict ; Poverty ; Nutrition ; Income ; Development projects ; Agriculture ; Livestock ; Prices ; Drought ; Case studies / Egypt / Somalia / Sudan / Yemen
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.1926 G000 BRE Record No: H046860)
http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/pr28.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046860.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046860.pdf
(1.59 MB) (1.59 MB)
3 Herath, H. M. J. K. 2011. Aahara mila ihala yama gruha ekakawala ahara surakshithathawaya sambandayen dakwana balaapema. In Sinhalese. [Effects of food price increases on household food security]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute (HARTI). 88p. (HARTI Research Report 47)
Household food security ; Food prices ; Food consumption ; Agricultural products ; Price indices ; Macroeconomics ; Economic growth ; Living standards ; Loans ; Subsidies ; Food supply ; Farmland ; Food production ; Horticulture ; Urban areas / Sri Lanka / Hambantota / Anuradhapura / Ratnapura / Gampaha / Nuwara Eliya / Badulla
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.19 G744 HER Record No: H046992)
(0.36 MB)
4 Jayampathi, C.; Senanayake, M. S.; Epakanda, N. S. B.; Samarakoon, S. M. A. 2014. Evaluation of Divinaguma agriculture component – homegardens. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute (HARTI). 47p. (HARTI Research Report 171)
Domestic gardens ; Economic development ; Development projects ; Performance evaluation ; Household food security ; Nutrition ; Living standards ; Socioeconomic environment ; Income ; Agricultural production ; Vegetables ; Livestock ; Fisheries ; State intervention ; Training / Sri Lanka / Gampaha / Kegalle / Puttalam / Anuradhapura / Attanagalla / Rambukkana / Kekirawa / Chilaw
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 635 G744 JAY Record No: H047184)
(0.46 MB)
5 Riley, L.; Hovorka, A. 2015. Gendering urban food strategies across multiple scales. In de Zeeuw, H.; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Cities and agriculture: developing resilient urban food systems. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.336-357.
Gender ; Women's participation ; Urban areas ; Food supply ; Food production ; Food consumption ; Household food security ; Living standards ; Income ; Vegetables
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047265)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Books/PDF/cities_and_agriculture-developing_resilient_urban_food_systems.pdf
http://www.ruaf.org/sites/default/files/13.%20Gendering%20urban%20food-min.pdf
http://www.ruaf.org/sites/default/files/13.%20Gendering%20urban%20food-min.pdf
(50.6 MB)
6 Mehar, M.; Mittal, S.; Prasad, N. 2016. Farmers coping strategies for climate shock: is it differentiated by gender? Journal of Rural Studies, 44:123-131. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.01.001]
Climate change adaptation ; Farmers ; Gender ; Decision making ; Strategies ; Models ; Drought ; Flooding ; Agricultural production ; Socioeconomic environment ; Household food security ; Villages / India / Bihar / Vaishali
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047494)
(0.66 MB)
Several studies have recognized that the agriculture sector is one of the major contributor to climate change, as well as largely affected adversely by climate change. Agricultural productivity is known to be sensitive to climate change induced effects and it has impact on livelihood of families linked with farming. Thus it is important to understand what are the existing coping strategies that farmer deploy in case of climate shocks like flood and drought and who is involved in making decision relating to these coping strategies. This paper uses the household level data of 641 households from 12 randomly selected villages in Vaishali district of Bihar to understand the household coping mechanisms with emphasis on role of gender. This study has moved away from the conventional division of households by male and female-headed households and thus capturing the intra-household gender dynamics by understanding the role of men and women within the household as decision makers of the coping strategy to manage climate shock. The study uses a multivariate probit model and the results suggest that there is a higher probability that the male farmers will make the decision on choice of the coping strategy. The most prominent coping mechanism is to find alternative employment in urban locations; however, when consumption levels have to be reduced because of climate shock, all family members then contribute to the decision-making process collectively. The results show that exposure to agriculture extension and training programs have a positive influence on choosing appropriate coping mechanisms, but female farmers have poor access to these resources. These policies should look into providing outreach to both male and female farmers in any given locality.
7 Tibesigwa, B.; Visser, M. 2016. Assessing gender inequality in food security among small-holder farm households in urban and rural South Africa. World Development, 88:33-49. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.07.008]
Household food security ; Gender ; Equity ; Women's participation ; Men ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Urban agriculture ; Rural areas ; Food consumption ; Models ; Income ; Socioeconomic environment / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047687)
(0.42 MB)
With the ongoing changes in climate, household food insecurity is likely to be more widespread in most small-holder and subsistence farm households in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the existence and extent of gendered household food security—or lack thereof—remains unclear. This study extends existing knowledge by assessing gender inequality in household food (in) security among small-holder farm households in urban and rural areas of South Africa. In doing-so, we use the gender of the head of household and treatment effects framework. Our results show that male-headed households are more food secure compared to female-headed households, with the latter depending more on agriculture to increase household food levels. We further find that the household food security gap between male- and female-headed households is wider in rural than in urban areas, where rural male- and female-headed households are more likely to report chronic food insecurity, i.e., are more likely than their urban counterparts to experience hunger. Interestingly, the effects of climatic characteristics on household food security are more apparent in rural than in urban areas. Our findings suggest that household food security initiatives are likely to be more effective, in closing the gender gap in household food security, if aligned with policies on urban and rural agriculture and development.
8 Buisson, Marie-Charlotte; MacDonald, K.; Saikia, Panchali; Balasubramanya, Soumya; Aslamy, Sohrob; Horbulyk, Theodore. 2016. Impact of water users associations on water and land productivity, equity and food security in Tajikistan. Mid-term Technical Report. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 102p.
Water user associations ; Water productivity ; Water governance ; Water management ; Water availability ; Water supply ; Water rates ; Land productivity ; Equity ; Food security ; Household food security ; Role of women ; Women's participation ; Female labour ; Farmers ; Irrigation water ; Irrigation management ; Small scale farming ; Agriculture ; Cultivated land ; Private farm ; Field preparation ; Decision making ; Community organizations ; Crops ; Labour / Tajikistan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047854)
(3.57 MB)
9 Hussain, A.; Rasul, G.; Mahapatra, B.; Tuladhar, S. 2016. Household food security in the face of climate change in the Hindu-Kush Himalayan region. Food Security, 8(5):921-937. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-016-0607-5]
Climate change adaptation ; Household food security ; Food consumption ; Farming systems ; Agricultural production ; Cash crops ; Livestock ; Income ; Environmental effects ; Flooding ; Landslides ; Temperature ; Drought ; Rain ; Socioeconomic environment ; Living standards ; Migration ; Mountains ; River basins / India / Nepal / Pakistan / China / Hindu-Kush Himalayan Region / Upper Indus Basin / Koshi Basin / Eastern Brahmaputra Basin / Salween Basin / Mekong Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047993)
http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs12571-016-0607-5.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047993.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047993.pdf
(1.09 MB) (1.09 MB)
This study attempts to understand local people’s perceptions of climate change, its impacts on agriculture and household food security, and local adaptation strategies in the Hindu-Kush Himalayan (HKH) region, using data from 8083 households (HHs) from four river sub-basins (SBs), i.e. Upper Indus (Pakistan), Eastern Brahmaputra (India), Koshi (Nepal) and Salween and Mekong (China). The majority of households in SBs, in recent years, have perceived that there have been more frequent incidences of floods, landslides, droughts, livestock diseases and crop pests, and have attributed these to climate change. These changes have led to low agricultural production and income, particularly in Eastern Brahmaputra (EB) where a substantial proportion of HHs reported a decline in the production of almost all staple and cash crops, resulting in very low farm income. Consequently, households’ dependency on external food items supplied from plain areas has increased, particularly in the Upper Indus (UI) and EB. After hazards, households face transitory food insecurity owing to damage to their local food systems and livelihood sources, and constrained food supply from other areas. To cope with these, HHs in SBs make changes in their farming practices and livestock management. In EB, 11 % of HHs took on new off-farm activities within the SB and in SM, 23 % of HHs chose out-migration as an adaptation strategy. Lastly, the study proposes policy instruments for attaining sustainable food security, based on agro-ecological potential and opportunities for increasing agricultural resilience and diversity of livelihoods.
10 Coslet, C.; Goodbody, S.; Guccione, C. 2017. FAO/WFP crop and food security assessment mission to Sri Lanka. Special report. Rome, Italy: FAO; World Food Programme (WFP). 44p.
Crop production ; Household food security ; Assessment ; Water availability ; Irrigation schemes ; Seasonal cropping ; Cereals ; Rice ; Maize ; Vegetables ; Seeds ; Fertilizers ; Field preparation ; Crop yield ; Livestock production ; Agricultural prices ; Markets ; Economic growth ; Living standards ; Food supply ; Food consumption ; Rain ; Flooding ; Drought / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048199)
(2.53 MB) (2.53 MB)
11 Pritchard, B.; Rammohan, A.; Vicol, M. 2019. The importance of non-farm livelihoods for household food security and dietary diversity in rural Myanmar. Journal of Rural Studies, 67:89-100. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.02.017]
Household food security ; Living standards ; Nonfarm income ; Rural areas ; Nutrition ; Dietary factors ; Food insecurity ; Land ownership ; Landlessness ; Socioeconomic environment / Myanmar / Pakokku / Yesagyo / Kyaiklet / Maubin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049133)
(1.73 MB)
Recent processes of socio-economic change in rural Myanmar are etching significant shifts to the social distribution of advantage and disadvantage, with implications for patterns of food security and dietary quality. This paper uses original repeat cross-sectional household survey data to identify emergent relationships between land and livelihoods on the one hand, and food security and dietary quality, on the other. The paper concludes that although land ‘matters’ (landholding households are more likely to be food secure and have higher dietary diversity than landless households), this association is strongly conditioned by livelihood and seasonal circumstances. Households with livelihood arrangements articulated to the non-farm economy, whether they were landholders or landless, exhibited superior food and nutritional outcomes compared to those with livelihoods only in farming. Hence, while access to arable land remains an important factor in shaping food security and dietary diversity, of greater importance is the capacity for households to supplement their land assets with livelihood activities in the non-farm economy. This finding reinforces broader arguments that emphasise the importance of the non-farm economy as a vital shaper of wellbeing for rural households in the global South.
12 Balana, Bedru B.; Bizimana, J.-C.; Richardson, J. W.; Lefore, Nicole; Adimassu, Zenebe; Herbst, B. K. 2020. Economic and food security effects of small-scale irrigation technologies in northern Ghana. Water Resources and Economics, 29:100141. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wre.2019.03.001]
Household food security ; Small scale systems ; Irrigation systems ; Economic situation ; Farm income ; Smallholders ; Nutrition ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Seasonal cropping ; Agricultural production ; Water management ; Water availability ; Profit ; Pumps ; Climate change ; Feasibility studies ; Household consumption ; Food consumption / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049159)
(2.64 MB)
Small-scale irrigation (SSI) technologies can be useful not only to increase crop productivity and income but also as a viable adaptation practice to climate variability. A farm simulation model (FARMSIM) and data from selected SSI technologies piloted in northern Ghana under the ‘Feed the Future-Innovation Lab for Small Scale Irrigation’ (ILSSI) project were used to assess the economic feasibility of the SSI technologies and their potential to improve income and nutrition of smallholder farm households. Three dry season irrigated crops (onion, corchorus, amaranthus) grown under three agricultural water management regimes were analysed. Results show that adoption of the SSI technologies could increase the net farm profit by 154%–608% against the baseline depending on the ‘crop type - SSI technology’ combination. Nutrition levels also improved significantly as a result of the improvements in crop yields due to irrigation and use of complementary inputs. However, the results further reveal that the options that utilize capital-intensive SSI technologies such as solar-powered water pumps to grow high value cash crops are constrained by the high investment cost. Currently, farmers tend to choose low-cost SSI technologies such as a traditional watering-cans, which generate low economic returns. Improving access to credit or alternative financing schemes could mitigate the capital constraints and enable smallholders to gain more benefits from participating in market-oriented high-value irrigated production.
13 Kerr, R. B.; Kangmennaang, J.; Dakishoni, L.; Nyantakyi-Frimpong, H.; Lupafya, E.; Shumba, L.; Msachi, R.; Boateng, G. O.; Snapp, S. S.; Chitaya, A.; Maona, E.; Gondwe, T.; Nkhonjera, P.; Luginaah, I. 2019. Participatory agroecological research on climate change adaptation improves smallholder farmer household food security and dietary diversity in Malawi. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 279:109-201. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2019.04.004]
Climate change adaptation ; Agroecology ; Participatory research ; Household food security ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Nutrition ; Dietary factors ; Agrobiodiversity ; Agricultural practices ; Strategies ; Gender ; Socioeconomic environment ; Villages / Malawi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049399)
(2.04 MB)
This study examines whether agroecological farming practices, when employed by highly vulnerable households in sub-Saharan Africa, can improve food security and dietary diversity. The research involved a four-year study with 425 smallholder households, selected purposively based on high levels of food insecurity and/or positive HIV status. The households carried out agroecological experiments of their own choosing over a four-year period. Baseline (n = 306) and follow-up (n = 352) surveys were conducted in 2011 and 2013 respectively to assess changes in farming practices, food security, crop diversity and dietary diversity. Longitudinal mixed effects models were used with 203 matched households to estimate determinants of change in food security and dietary diversity at the population level. Qualitative interviews and focus groups were also conducted to provide depth to the survey findings. The findings show that participatory agroecology experimentation increased intercropping, legume diversification and the addition of compost, manure and crop residue amendments to the soil. Intercropping was associated with food security and the use of organic soil amendments was associated with gains in dietary diversity in bivariate analysis. Household food security and dietary diversity increased significantly over a 2-year period. Importantly, multivariate models showed that spousal discussion about farming was strongly associated with increased household food security and dietary diversity. Households who discussed farming with their spouse were 2.4 times more likely to be food secure and have diverse diets. Addition of compost or manure to the soil significantly influenced dietary diversity. These findings indicate that poor, vulnerable farmers can use agroecological methods to effectively improve food and nutritional security in sub-Saharan Africa. The study also highlights how linking agroecology to participatory research approaches that promote farmer experimentation and gender equity also lead to greater health and well-being. The study sheds light on how agroecological approaches can rapidly improve food security and dietary diversity, even under conditions of acute social, health or ecological stress. It draws attention to issues of equity and farmer-led approaches in addressing food security and nutrition.
14 Mee, M.; Prapruit, P.; Nissapa, A. 2020. Role of different farming systems to assess households’ food security: a case study in Yamethin District, dry zone region of Myanmar. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 26(1):70-78.
Farming systems ; Household food security ; Arid zones ; Food supply ; Food access ; Cropping patterns ; Monoculture ; Crop yield ; Market access ; Farm income ; Drinking water ; Indicators ; Villages ; Case studies / Myanmar / Yamethin District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049696)
https://journal.agrojournal.org/page/download.php?articleID=2697
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049696.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049696.pdf
(0.74 MB) (760 KB)
Farming systems promoting crop production are important to match food security concerns. This research explores food security levels of different farming systems using the indicators of food availability, food access and food utilization. In Yamethin District, various households cultivated a combination of different crop of farming systems. Structured interviews were conducted with 282 farm households: monoculture farming system, multiple farming systems, and mixed farming system. The data were analyzed using weighted sum models. The assessment identified that the monoculture farming system had low food availability, high food access and moderate food utilization, while the multiple and mixed farming systems had moderate food availability, high food access and low food utilization. The study suggested that monoculture farm households should grow vegetables and build up crop exchanges to fulfill staple rice and increase food availability. Moreover, multiple and mixed farm households should allocate farm plots based on average farm land to hold high food security. Under adequate irrigation, 70% farm land for staple rice, 20% farm land for field crops and the rest (10%) for vegetables should be carried out from season to season. In rain-fed area, similar farm allocation should be performed during monsoon and short-season crops during post monsoon season.
15 Gebru, T. A.; Brhane, G. K.; Gebremedhin, Y. G. 2021. Contributions of water harvesting technologies intervention in arid and semi-arid regions of Ethiopia, in ensuring households’ food security, Tigray in focus. Journal of Arid Environments, 185:104373. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2020.104373]
Water harvesting ; Technology ; Semiarid zones ; Arid zones ; Rainwater harvesting ; Water use ; Household food security ; Climate change ; Drought ; Environmental restoration ; Farm inputs ; Communities ; Socioeconomic environment ; Living standards ; Models / Ethiopia / Tigray / Kilete-Awlaelo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050144)
(6.06 MB)
Interventions of water harvesting technologies (WHTs) in drought-prone areas like the Tigray region (northern Ethiopia) is an option less strategy to alleviate food insecurity issues emanating from water scarcity. Hence, wide spectrums of WHTs were applied in Tigray Region in the last three decades. Thus, this study aimed to assess the WHTs and the subsequent contributions in ensuring households’ food security in Kilete-Awlaelo district of the Tigray Region. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through a household survey (n = 246), focus group discussion, key informants interview, and field observation, and subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis on the SPSS environment. The explanatory power of the WHTs to food security was determined using a regression model. The result revealed that 64.6% of the households applied WHTs while 35.4% not. Though a statistically significant positive relationship (p < 0.05) between the WHTs (predictor) and PCC acquisition as food security parameter (predictand) was observed, the magnitude was not strong enough where only 6.1% of WHTs users and 0.81% of non-users had achieved the average standard PCC requirement (2100 kcal) from their farm production. Hence, strengthening and expanding the functional domain of the WHTs fitting to the socio-economic, environmental, and biophysical context of the locality is profoundly indispensable.
16 Suhardiman, Diana; Scurrah, N. 2021. Farmer’s agency and institutional bricolage in land use plan implementation in upland Laos. Land Use Policy, 104:105316. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105316]
Land use planning ; Farmers organizations ; Institutional development ; Highlands ; Shifting cultivation ; Common lands ; Land tenure ; Collective action ; Adaptation ; Strategies ; Local communities ; Household food security ; Livelihoods ; Grazing lands ; Villages ; Case studies / Lao People's Democratic Republic / Houaphan / Pa Khom
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050266)
(6.38 MB)
This paper looks at the (re)shaping of local institutional arrangements within the context of land use planning processes in Laos, bringing to light their dynamic and co-constitutive relationship. Taking Pa Khom village in Houaphan province as a case study, it examines how local tenure institutions are (re)produced, (re)assembled and adapted to mirror farmer’s livelihood strategies to meet households’ food security, while also conforming to the defined land use plan. Drawing on examples of changes in swidden agriculture and village grazing land arrangements introduced as part of land use planning, the paper highlights the important role played by local communities – acting autonomously, collectively and in relation to external agents – in reconfiguring the relationship between natural resources and institutional orders. It illustrates how farmers employ institutional bricolage to creatively assemble and reshape their land use arrangements to comply with the defined land use plan, thus ensuring it meets their locally embedded livelihood priorities, albeit with different distributional outcomes for various farm households. Linking farm households’ strategies with inter-household and village level institutional arrangements, the paper shows how institutional bricolage contributes to synergizing the different rationales behind land use planning processes.
17 Mabe, F. N.; Mumuni, E.; Sulemana, N. 2021. Does smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 improve household food security in the northern region of Ghana? Agriculture and Food Security, 10:9. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-020-00281-7]
Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 2 Zero hunger ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Awareness ; Household food security ; Crop production ; Agricultural extension ; Policies ; Socioeconomic environment ; Models / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050329)
https://agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40066-020-00281-7.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050329.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050329.pdf
(1.19 MB) (1.19 MB)
Background: Sustainable Development Goal 2 aims at ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture. Whilst some smallholder farmers are aware of this goal, others are not. The question that arises is whether or not awareness translates into food security. Therefore, this study assessed whether or not smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 improves household food security in the Northern Region of Ghana.
Methods: The study used cross-sectional primary data collected from two districts and two municipalities in the region. An endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome was used to estimate the effects of smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 on household food insecurity level.
Results: The age of household head, distance of households to the regional capital, membership of farmer-based organizations, access to e-extension, education, and ownership of radio are the key drivers of farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2. The results from the endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome showed that households who are aware of the second goal are more food secure than their counterparts.
Conclusions: It is therefore prudent for stakeholders promoting and championing Sustainable Development Goals to educate farmers on goal 2 as their awareness of the goal is critical to achieving food security.
Methods: The study used cross-sectional primary data collected from two districts and two municipalities in the region. An endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome was used to estimate the effects of smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 on household food insecurity level.
Results: The age of household head, distance of households to the regional capital, membership of farmer-based organizations, access to e-extension, education, and ownership of radio are the key drivers of farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2. The results from the endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome showed that households who are aware of the second goal are more food secure than their counterparts.
Conclusions: It is therefore prudent for stakeholders promoting and championing Sustainable Development Goals to educate farmers on goal 2 as their awareness of the goal is critical to achieving food security.
18 Gebre, G. G.; Rahut, D. B. 2021. Prevalence of household food insecurity in East Africa: linking food access with climate vulnerability. Climate Risk Management, 33:100333. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2021.100333]
Food insecurity ; Household food security ; Food access ; Climate change ; Vulnerability ; Crop production ; Livestock ; Policies ; Indicators / East Africa / Ethiopia / Kenya / United Republic of Tanzania
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050423)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096321000620/pdfft?md5=5377373325c7177ca6204781325888a7&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096321000620-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050423.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050423.pdf
(0.82 MB) (844 KB)
The prevalence of food insecurity is much higher in East Africa than in other parts of the world. Climate change and associated variability are important contributors to food insecurity in the region. Using primary data collected in 2018/19 from Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania, this study examines the links between the prevalence of household food insecurity (the access to food dimension) and vulnerability to climate change in East Africa. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was constructed to measure the prevalence of household food insecurity, and an ordered probit econometrics model was used to investigate the factors affecting the prevalence rates. The aggregate results show that 52% of the total sampled households in the region were food-secure; 15% and 26% were mildly food-secure and moderately food-insecure, respectively; and the remaining 7% were severely food-insecure. The ordered probit results suggest that exposure to climate change extremes and crop losses caused by these extremes significantly contribute to the prevalence of food insecurity across countries in East Africa. The results also indicate that households’ adaptive capacity plays a significant role in reducing the prevalence of food insecurity. The demographic/human, social, financial, physical, and natural assets/capital of the household also play a significant role in reducing household-level food insecurity in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania.
19 Jambo, Y.; Alemu, A.; Tasew, W. 2021. Impact of small-scale irrigation on household food security: evidence from Ethiopia. Agriculture and Food Security, 10:21. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00294-w]
Irrigation schemes ; Small scale systems ; Household food security ; Crop production ; Irrigation water ; Livelihoods ; Participation ; Farm income ; Econometric models ; Sensitivity analysis / Ethiopia / Oromia / Adamitulu Jido Komoblcha
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050562)
https://agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40066-021-00294-w.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050562.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050562.pdf
(1.12 MB) (1.12 MB)
Background: Adamitulu Jido Komoblcha is one of the districts located in lowland areas of the Oromia region with irrigation potentials of 14,000 hectares out of which only 2568 hectares are under small-scale irrigation practices. Though there are a lot of households using irrigation in the study area, the impact that it has brought on the food security of the household is not yet well studied in the area. Several related studies reviewed lack appropriate impact evaluation methods in studying the impact of small-scale irrigation on food security that may result in overestimation or underestimation of the impact. To this end, the main motivation behind this study was to examine whether small-scale irrigation in the study area is creating positive change on household food security or not using the propensity score matching approach.
Methodology: Both primary and secondary data were collected and used in the study. The primary data were collected from randomly selected 94 irrigation users and 100 non-user households from February to March 2018. Secondary data were collected from a review of different works of literature. Both descriptive statistics and econometric models were applied to analyze the data using Stata software version 13. The study applied the propensity score matching (PSM) model to analyze the impact of small-scale irrigation on food security. In analyzing the impact of small scale irrigation on food security, we have used calorie intake, crop harvest and consumption both from own production and bought from the sale of the crop harvest produced through irrigation as an indicator of food security.
Result: The study has found that participation in irrigation is positively determined by age, education, land size, access to extension service, and participation in off or non-farm activities. In contrast to this, participation in irrigation is negatively determined by distance from farm plot to water source and distance from the main market. The results of the nearest neighbor and caliper matching estimators show that participation in small-scale irrigation increased the daily calorie intake of the small-scale irrigation users by 643.76 kcal over non-user households. Similarly, it increased their daily calorie intake to 596.43 kcal and 591.74 kcal, respectively, with radius and kernel matching estimators. The result further indicted that irrigation had positive impact on crop production, consumption and revenue generation which all together indicated improvement in food security. The sensitivity analysis test shows that impact results estimated by this study were insensitive to unobserved selection bias which shows it is a real impact of the irrigation.
Conclusion: It was concluded that irrigation has a positive and significant impact on household food security. Concerned bodies that working on small-scale irrigation development therefore should continue investment in irrigation activities for poverty reduction strategies and scale-up irrigation interventions to the other areas where there is potentially irrigable land.
Methodology: Both primary and secondary data were collected and used in the study. The primary data were collected from randomly selected 94 irrigation users and 100 non-user households from February to March 2018. Secondary data were collected from a review of different works of literature. Both descriptive statistics and econometric models were applied to analyze the data using Stata software version 13. The study applied the propensity score matching (PSM) model to analyze the impact of small-scale irrigation on food security. In analyzing the impact of small scale irrigation on food security, we have used calorie intake, crop harvest and consumption both from own production and bought from the sale of the crop harvest produced through irrigation as an indicator of food security.
Result: The study has found that participation in irrigation is positively determined by age, education, land size, access to extension service, and participation in off or non-farm activities. In contrast to this, participation in irrigation is negatively determined by distance from farm plot to water source and distance from the main market. The results of the nearest neighbor and caliper matching estimators show that participation in small-scale irrigation increased the daily calorie intake of the small-scale irrigation users by 643.76 kcal over non-user households. Similarly, it increased their daily calorie intake to 596.43 kcal and 591.74 kcal, respectively, with radius and kernel matching estimators. The result further indicted that irrigation had positive impact on crop production, consumption and revenue generation which all together indicated improvement in food security. The sensitivity analysis test shows that impact results estimated by this study were insensitive to unobserved selection bias which shows it is a real impact of the irrigation.
Conclusion: It was concluded that irrigation has a positive and significant impact on household food security. Concerned bodies that working on small-scale irrigation development therefore should continue investment in irrigation activities for poverty reduction strategies and scale-up irrigation interventions to the other areas where there is potentially irrigable land.
20 Hilemelekot, F.; Ayal, D. Y.; Ture, K.; Zeleke, T. T. 2021. Climate change and variability adaptation strategies and their implications for household food Security: the case of Basona Worena District, North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Climate Services, 24:100269. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2021.100269]
Climate change adaptation ; Strategies ; Household food security ; Agroforestry ; Livelihoods ; Drought ; Flooding ; Food consumption ; Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Developing countries ; Agricultural production ; Diversification / Ethiopia / Amhara / North Shewa / Basona Worena
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050821)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405880721000571/pdfft?md5=fd6b691064332ba8d5dcdc9bf92c9c08&pid=1-s2.0-S2405880721000571-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050821.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050821.pdf
(2.38 MB) (2.38 MB)
The impact of climate change and variability on agriculture and food security is severe in countries that heavily depend on rainfed subsistence agriculture. Examine climate change and variability and determinant factors of adaptation to ensure household food security in Basona Worena District, central highland of Ethiopia. Data were collected from the randomly selected 138 sample households, key informants and National Meteorological Agency. Rainfall and temperature trend and variability were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and Precipitation Concentration Index. Household food security was determined using Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and Food Consumption Score. Moreover, Tobit Model was used to examine climate change and variability adaptation options, while ordered logistic regression was employed to examine the contribution of climate change and variability adaptation to household food security status from the food consumption dimension. In the study site, an increasing minimum and maximum temperatures and decreasing and variable annual and spring season rainfalls were observed. The site has experienced recurrent drought for the last 35 years (1981–2016). Farmers were practicing biophysical soil and water conservation technologies, agro-forestry, small scale irrigation, livelihood diversification, and growing of high yielding and drought resistant crop varieties. The study identified that extension advisory services, access to training, farm size, sex, frequency of flood, and access to credit determine farmers’ climate change and variability adaptation options. HFIAS and FCS analysis shows that food insecurity is high in the study site. Household food security status was influenced by climate variability and limited adaptation responses. The study suggests the implementation of feasible soil and water conservation, and livelihood diversification intervention to ensure household food security.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
