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1 Deneke, T. T.; Mapedza, Everisto; Amede, Tilahun. 2011. Institutional implications of governance of local common pool resources on livestock water productivity in Ethiopia. Experimental Agriculture, 47(Supplement S1):99-111. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479710000864]
Livestock ; Water productivity ; Collective ownership ; Water resources ; Governance ; Water user associations ; Ponds ; Wells ; Pumping ; Grazing lands ; Villages / Ethiopia / Amhara Regional State / Lenche Dima / Kuhar Michael
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043517)
(0.12 MB)
Improving water productivity depends on how local communal water and grazing resources are governed. This involves institutional and organizational issues. In the mixed farming systems of the Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, non-participatory water users’ associations, neglect of traditional water rights, corruption, village power relations, inequitable allocation of irrigated land and free-grazing practice impact the governance of local common pool resources (CPR). Indigenous governance structures for CPR such as the kire are participatory and effective in terms of rule enforcement. Externally initiated governance structures lack acceptance by farmers and sufficient support from local government. In order to improve water productivity in the mixed farming systems, institutional deficiencies need attention and existing indigenous governance structures require recognition and support.
2 Yami, M. 2016. Irrigation projects in Ethiopia: what can be done to enhance effectiveness under ‘challenging contexts’? International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 23(2):132-142. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2015.1057628]
Irrigation projects ; Irrigation schemes ; Small scale systems ; Governance ; Sustainability ; Farmers ; Living standards ; Villages ; Sociocultural environment ; State intervention ; Institutions ; Capacity building ; Agricultural extension / Ethiopia / Kuhar Michael / Angot / Mesanu / Chelekot / Suka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047062)
(0.73 MB)
Investment in small scale irrigation (SSI) is crucial to sustain food security and livelihoods of smallholders. In Ethiopia, the government and development partners show a growing interest in developing irrigation projects. The success of irrigation projects is determined by governance and socio-cultural contexts. Yet the lack of thorough understanding of the challenging contexts undermines the efforts to achieve sustainability outcomes in irrigation projects. This article identifies the challenging contexts to irrigation projects, examines how the challenging contexts influence the effectiveness of irrigation projects, and indicates ways of improving the effectiveness of irrigation projects under the existing challenging contexts. Data were collected between April and December 2011 in three regional states of Ethiopia using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The lack of governance capacity and accountability are critical challenges for the sustainability of the irrigation projects. In addition, the poor consideration of local knowledge and the use of top-down approaches in planning and implementing the irrigation projects, and lack of equitable access to the irrigation schemes result in poor ownership of projects among farmers. Improving the funding scheme to support long-term capacity building at national and local levels, and in understanding the socio-cultural contexts of the intervention areas; planning irrigation projects with due consideration of the existing challenging contexts, and with active engagement of the local community, are important for the long-term viability and sustainability of irrigation projects.
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