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1 Lundqvist, J.; de Fraiture, Charlotte; Molden, David; Berndes, G.; Berntell, A.; Falkenmark, M.; Holmen, H.; Karlberg, L.; Lannerstad, M. 2008. Saving water: from field to fork: curbing losses and wastage in the food chain. Draft for CDS, May 2008. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Goteborg, Sweden: Chalmers University; Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). 36p. (SIWI Paper 13)

Food production ; Food supply ; Food consumption ; Water conservation ; Water requirements ; Climate change ; Water scarcity ; Bioenergy ; Developing countries ; Developed countries ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041461)

http://www.siwi.org/documents/Resources/Papers/Paper_13_Field_to_Fork.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/PDF/H041461.pdf

(2.41 MB)

This report and the Side Event at CSD 16, May 5–16, 2008, are following up reports that have been prepared for two previous CSD meetings, “Water – More Nutrition per Drop” (2004*) and “Let it Reign: The New Water Paradigm for Global Food Security” (2005**). The topics addressed in the previous reports, and also in this report, are the links between water, food and development, which are high on the agenda for Swedish international development collaboration. This report highlights the magnitude of losses and wastage in the food chain, i.e. from field to fork. It is shown that a reduction of losses and wastage would save water and facilitate the achievement of multiple development objectives.

2 de Fraiture, Charlotte; Berndes, G.. 2009. Biofuels and water. In Howarth, R. W.; Bringezu, S. (Eds.). Biofuels: environmental consequences and interactions with changing land use. Proceedings of the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) International Biofuels Project Rapid Assessment, Gummersbach, Germany, 22-25 September 2008. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University. pp. 139-152.

Biofuels ; Water requirements ; Water use ; Crop production ; Water productivity ; Ecosystems ; Environmental effects

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.793 G000 DEF Record No: H042058)

http://cip.cornell.edu/DPubS?service=Repository&version=1.0&verb=Disseminate&view=body&handle=scope/1245782008&content-type=pdf_1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042058.pdf

(0.45 MB)

3 Garg, K. K.; Karlberg, L.; Wani, S. P.; Berndes, G.. 2011. Jatropha production on wastelands in India: opportunities and trade-offs for soil and water management at the watershed scale. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 5(4):410-430. [doi: https://doi.org/ 0.1002/bbb.312]

Waste land ; Jatropha ; Water management ; Water balance ; Soil management ; Watersheds ; Biofuels ; Evapotranspiration ; Sedimentation ; Sediment transport ; Runoff ; Models ; Erosion ; Income ; Farmers ; Water users ; Ecosystems / India / Andhra Pradesh

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044739)

https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044739.pdf

(1.14 MB)

Biofuel production from feedstocks grown on wastelands is considered a means of addressing concerns about climate change and improving energy security while at the same time providing an additional source of income for the land users. The establishment of biomass plantations on wastelands is likely to affect local livelihoods and can affect surrounding ecosystems by infl uencing hydrologic fl ows and processes such as erosion. We present an assessment of Jatropha plantation establishment on wastelands, using the ArcSWAT modeling tool. The assessment was made for a wasteland located in the Velchal watershed, Andhra Pradesh, India, which recently was converted to a biofuel plantation with Jatropha. The previous land use, in this case grazing, could continue in the Jatropha plantations. Several desirable effects occurred as a result of the land-use conversion: non-productive soil evaporation was reduced as a larger share of the rainfall was channeled to productive plant transpiration and groundwater recharge, and at the same time a more stable (less erosive) runoff resulted in reduced soil erosion and improved downstream water conditions. A win-win situation between improved land productivity and soil carbon content was observed for the Jatropha plantations. On the other hand, the results indicate that at the sub-basin scale, reductions in runoff generation as a result of large-scale conversion of wastelands to Jatropha cropping may pose problems to downstream water users and ecosystems. From a livelihoods perspective, Jatropha production was generally positive, creating a complementary source of income to the farmers, thus strengthening the resilience of the local community. In the future, the potential gain from Jatropha cropping is expected to increase as cropping systems improve and growing biofuel markets result in better conditions for biofuel producers.