Your search found 7 records
1 Calow, R.; MacDonald, A.; Nicol, A.; Robins, N.; Kebede, S.. 2002. The struggle for water: drought, water security and rural livelihoods. Keyworth, Nottingham, UK: British Geological Survey. 77p. (British Geological Survey Commissioned Report CR/02/226N)
Groundwater ; Mapping ; Drought ; Water security ; Water supply ; Domestic water ; Institutions ; Water resource management ; Social aspects / Africa / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042025)
http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/projects/reports/2002/01/struggle-water-drought-security-rural-livelihoods.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/PDF/H042025.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/PDF/H042025.pdf
(3.91 MB)
2 Alemayehu, Tadesse; McCartney, Matthew; Kebede, S.. 2009. Modelling to evaluate the water resource implications of planned infrastructure development in the Lake Tana sub-basin, Ethiopia. Paper presented at the Conference on Applying Water Evaluation And Planning System (WEAP) as a Decision Support System (DSS) for IWRM, Damascus, Syria, 25-27 May 2009. 22p.
Lakes ; Water resources development ; Evaluation ; Environmental effects ; Simulation models ; Decision support tools ; Water power ; Irrigation programs ; Water demand / Ethiopia / Lake Tana sub-basin / Chara Chara weir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042207)
(0.35 MB) (0.35 MB)
Lake Tana is important for domestic water supply, hydropower, fisheries, grazing and water for livestock, as well as reeds for boat construction. It is also important for water transport and as a tourist destination. Currently, the water resources of the catchment are largely untapped. However, water resource development is being encouraged to stimulate economic growth and reduce poverty. In this study, the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) model was used to determine the water availability for different irrigation and hydropower schemes proposed. Three development scenarios were simulated and the likely impact of future water resource development on lake water levels was assessed. For each scenario, the model was used to simulate water demand in three sectors (i.e. irrigation, hydropower and downstream environmental flows) over a 36-year period of varying flow and rainfall. The simulation results revealed that if all the planned development occurs on average 2,198 GWhy-1 power could be generated and 677 Mm3y-1 of water supplied to irrigation schemes. However, the mean annual water level of the lake would be lowered by 0.44 meters with a consequent decrease in the average surface area of the lake of 30 km2. As well as adverse ecological impacts this would have significant implications for shipping and the livelihoods of many local people.
3 Alemayehu, T.; McCartney, Matthew; Kebede, S.. 2009. Simulation of water resource development and environmental flows in the Lake Tana Sub basin. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.23-37.
Lakes ; Water resources development ; Environmental flows ; Simulation models ; Irrigation schemes ; Water power ; Water demand / Ethiopia / Lake Tana / Chara Chara Weir
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042505)
(0.50 MB)
Lake Tana is a natural reservoir for the Blue Nile River which has huge potential for hydropower and irrigation development. Water resource development is being encouraged by the government to stimulate economic growth and reduce poverty. In this study, the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) model was used to simulate planned hydropower and irrigation development scenarios. Simulation of water demand and estimated downstream environmental flows was conducted for a 36-year period of varying flow and rainfall. Based on the simulation results, water availability for the different proposed irrigation and hydropower schemes was determined. The likely impact of future water resource development on water levels of the lake was assessed based on the simulation results of three development scenarios. The simulation results revealed that, if the full future development occurs, on average, 2,207 GWhy-1 of power could be generated and 548 Mm3y-1 of water could be supplied to irrigation schemes. However, the mean annual water level of the lake would be lowered by 0.33 meters (m) with a consequent decrease of 23 km2 in the average surface area of the lake. Besides having adverse ecological impacts, this would also have significant implications for shipping and the livelihoods of many local people.
4 Alemayehu, T.; McCartney, Matthew; Kebede, S.. 2010. The water resource implications of planned development in the Lake Tana catchment, Ethiopia. Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology, 10(2-4):211-222. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10104-011-0023-6]
Water resources development ; Lakes ; Catchment areas ; Water levels ; Models ; Water demand / Ethiopia / Lake Tana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044018)
(0.61 MB)
The water resources of the Lake Tana catchment are largely untapped. Currently,water resource development is being promoted to stimulate economic growth. This study utilized the WEAP model to determine the likely impact of a number of possible development scenarios on lake water levels. For each scenario, the model was used to simulate water demand in three sectors (i.e. irrigation, hydropower and downstream environmental flows) over a 36-year period of varying flow and rainfall. The simulation results revealed that if all the planned development occurs on average 2198 GWhy-1 power could be generated and 677 Mm3 y-1 of water supplied to irrigation schemes. However, the mean annual water level of the lake would be lowered by 0.44 meters. As well as adverse ecological impacts this would have significant implications for shipping and the livelihoods of local people.
5 Kebede, S.; Charles, K.; Godfrey, S.; MacDonald, A.; Taylor, R. G. 2021. Regional-scale interactions between groundwater and surface water under changing aridity: evidence from the River Awash Basin, Ethiopia. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 15p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2021.1874613]
Groundwater flow ; Surface water ; Drylands ; River basins ; Water security ; Lakes ; Reservoirs ; Water resources ; Aquifers ; Stream flow ; Discharges ; Salinity ; Irrigation water ; Water budget ; Wetlands ; Hydrology ; Electrical conductivity ; Isotopes / Ethiopia / Awash River Basin / Lake Beseka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050234)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02626667.2021.1874613
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050234.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050234.pdf
(8.05 MB) (8.05 MB)
Relationships between surface waters and groundwaters at basin scale are rarely investigated but have important implications for water resource development and management. Here, we integrate evidence from geochemical tracers and piezometry to advance the understanding of regional-scale, groundwater–surface water interactions in the River Awash Basin of Ethiopia. Hydrological characteristics are consistent with those observed in other semi-arid and arid basins where rivers are predominantly losing and act as a source of recharge rather than as a sink for groundwater discharge. Further, regional groundwater flow originating from the highlands exits the catchment rather than discharging to the riverine drainage. Consequently, groundwater abstraction from several regional-scale aquifers in the lowlands is not expected to impact river flow. However, salinity presents a major threat to irrigation and water supply. We identify critical areas for managing inflows, water use, wetlands and water quality that have significant implications for water security across the basin.
6 Kebede, S.; Taye, Meron Teferi. 2021. Groundwater scarcity and management in the arid areas in East Africa. In Mukherjee, A.; Scanlon, B. R.; Aureli, A.; Langan, Simon; Guo, H.; McKenzie, A. A. (Eds.). Global groundwater: source, scarcity, sustainability, security, and solutions. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. pp.177-186. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818172-0.00013-X]
Groundwater management ; Water scarcity ; Arid zones ; Drylands ; Hydrogeology ; Drinking water ; Water security ; Water availability ; Sanitation ; Hygiene ; Sustainability ; Water quality ; Salinity ; Aquifers / East Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H050269)
Arid areas in East Africa are characterized by physical water scarcity. The physical water scarcity is further exacerbated by poor water quality (mainly salinity and fluoride) of mainly groundwater sources. Combined physical water scarcity and poor water quality makes the region a hydrogeologically difficult environment. Nevertheless, some viable high-yielding aquifers exist in East Africa. Difficult hydrogeology means that the best practices of reaching rural dwellers, towns, and urban centers require specialized financial, technical, and engineering approaches. The chapter describes the hydrogeology difficulty and the ongoing management strategies and its implications for the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene sector in East Africa arid regions.
7 Birhanu, B.; Kebede, S.; Charles, K.; Taye, Meron; Atlaw, A.; Birhane, M. 2021. Impact of natural and anthropogenic stresses on surface and groundwater supply sources of the Upper Awash Sub-Basin, Central Ethiopia. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9:656726. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.656726]
Water supply ; Surface water ; Groundwater ; Water security ; Water demand ; Water management ; Water use ; Domestic water ; Conjunctive use ; Livestock ; Anthropogenic factors ; Climate change ; River basins ; Models / Ethiopia / Awash River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050843)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.656726/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050843.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050843.pdf
(18.30 MB) (18.3 MB)
Improving water security is critical to delivering the best outcomes for development. In Ethiopia, the upper Awash sub-basin supports expanding urban and industrial areas, with increasing water demands. Studies have preferentially focused either on surface water hydrology or on groundwater characterization. However, novel tools are required to support the conjunctive use of surface and groundwater for competing users under potential climate change impacts. In this paper, we present research based on a WEAPMODFLOW link configured for four catchments in the upper Awash sub-basin (Akaki, Melka Kunture, Mojo, and Koka). The Akaki catchment supplies water for Addis Ababa city. Unlike most surface water hydrological models, both supply (surface water and groundwater) and demand (domestic, industrial, and livestock) are modeled. The tool was used to evaluate the impacts of population growth, leakage, expansion of surface and groundwater supply schemes, and climate change scenarios up to the year 2030. Considering the high population growth rate scenario for Addis Ababa city, the unmet domestic water demand may increase to 760 MCM in 2030. Water leakage through poor water supply distribution networks contributed about 23% of the unmet water demand. Though not significant compared with population and water loss stresses, climate change also affect the supply demand condition in the basin. Planning for more groundwater abstraction without considering additional surface water reservoir schemes will noticeably impact the groundwater resource, with groundwater levels projected to decline by more than 20 m. Even more groundwater level decline is observed In the Akaki catchment, where Addis Ababa city is located. Conjunctive use of surface and groundwater not only boosts the supply demand situation in the basin but will lift off some of the stresses from the groundwater resources. Even under the likely increase in temperature and low precipitation climate scenarios, the conjunctive use resulted in a significant increase in domestic water demand coverage from 26% for the reference condition to 90% in 2030, with minimum effect on the groundwater resources. To improve water security conditions through sustainable utilization of both surface and groundwater resources, policy responses need to consider surface and groundwater conjunctive use. Minimizing water leakage should also be given the highest priority.
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