Your search found 14 records
1 Gebrehiwot, K.; Temu, A. B.; Haile, M.. (Eds.) 1998. Land husbandry in the highlands of Ethiopia: Proceedings of a workshop, 10-14 November 1997, Mekelle University College, Mekelle, Ethiopia û Volume I. Nairobi, Kenya: ICRAF. ii, 39p. (ICRAF training and education report no. 41)
Land management ; Land development ; Land use ; Agroforestry ; Soil degradation ; Extension ; Training ; Education ; Environmental degradation ; Forestry / Ethiopia / Uganda / Tigray / Ziquala / Mekelle / Awassa / Jimma / Hararge / Ambo
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6022 Record No: H030148)
Abstracts of presented papers
2 Ewnetu, Z.; Haile, M.; Gebrehiwot, K. (Eds.) 1999. Land husbandry in the highlands of Ethiopia: Proceedings of a workshop, 10-14 November 1997, Mekelle University College, Mekelle, Ethiopia û Volume II. Nairobi, Kenya: ICRAF. iv, 116p. (ICRAF training and education report no. 46)
Land management ; Land development ; Land use ; Agroforestry ; Soil degradation ; Agricultural extension ; Training ; Higher education ; Agricultural research ; Research institutes ; Environmental degradation ; Forestry ; Fisheries / Ethiopia / Uganda / Ziqual Wereda / Tigray / Jimma / Mekelle / Awassa / Alemaya / Am,bo / Wondo
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6023 Record No: H030149)
3 Haile, M.; Shiferaw, A. 1999. Efforts in land husbandry practices in Tigray. In Ewnetu, Z.; Haile, M.; Gebrehiwot, K. (Eds.), Land husbandry in the highlands of Ethiopia: Proceedings of a workshop, 10-14 November 1997, Mekelle University College, Mekelle, Ethiopia û Volume II. Nairobi, Kenya: ICRAF. pp.37-48.
Land management ; Soil degradation ; Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Traditional farming ; Afforestation ; Institutions / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6023 Record No: H030153)
4 Abay, F.; Waters-Bayer, A.; Haile, M.. 1999. Traditional practices and farmers' innovations in land husbandry: Some example from Tigray, Ethiopia. In Ewnetu, Z.; Haile, M.; Gebrehiwot, K. (Eds.), Land husbandry in the highlands of Ethiopia: Proceedings of a workshop, 10-14 November 1997, Mekelle University College, Mekelle, Ethiopia û Volume II. Nairobi, Kenya: ICRAF. pp.49-56.
Land management ; Water management ; Rivers ; Irrigation ; Farmers ; Soil conservation ; Eucalyptus ; Soil fertility ; Fertilizers ; Farm management ; Crop production ; Women / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6023 Record No: H030154)
5 Ghebreyesus, T. A.; Haile, M.; Witten, K. H.; Getachew, A.; Yohannes, A. M.; Yohannes, M.; Teklehaimanot, H. D.; Lindsay, S. W.; Byass, P. 1999. Incidence of malaria among children living near dams in northern Ethiopia: Community based incidence survey. British Medical Journal, 319:663-666.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 6102 Record No: H030792)
6 Behailu, M.; Haile, M.. 2003. Water harvesting in northern Ethiopia: environmental, health and socio-economic impacts. In McCornick, P. G.; Kamara, A. B.; Tadesse, G. (Eds). Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia: proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization. pp.185-191.
Water harvesting ; Environmental effects ; Public health ; Social aspects ; Economic aspects / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G636 MCC Record No: H032461)
7 Nyssen, J.; Haile, M.; Descheemaeker, K.; Deckers, J.; Poesen, J.; Moeyersons, J.; Hailemariam, T. 2003. Promoting global watershed management towards rural communities: the May Zeg-zeg initiative. In McCornick, P. G.; Kamara, A. B.; Tadesse, G. (Eds). Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia: proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization. pp.192-195.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G636 MCC Record No: H032462)
8 Nyssen, J.; Poesen, J.; Descheemaeker, Katrien; Haregeweyn, N.; Haile, M.; Moeyersons, J.; Frankl, A.; Govers, G.; Munro, N.; Deckers, J. 2008. Effects of region-wide soil and water conservation in semi-arid areas: the case of northern Ethiopia. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, 52(3):291-315.
Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Highlands ; Erosion ; Bunds ; Reservoirs ; Sedimentation / Ethiopia / Tigray
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041844)
(0.94 MB)
Studies on the impacts of environmental rehabilitation in semi-arid areas are often conducted over limited space and time scales, and do typically not include detailed biophysical components. This study makes a multi-scale assessment over a time span of 30 years of environmental rehabilitation in one of the world's most degraded areas: the Tigray highlands of Northern Ethiopia. The study shows that in Tigray sheet and rill erosion rates have decreased by approximately 68%, infiltration and spring discharge are enhanced and vegetation cover has improved. These impacts are evidenced and quantified by a comprehensive comparison of the current landscape with a coverage of 30-year old photographs and substantiated by field investigations. The positive changes in ecosystem service supply that result from these conservation activities in the Tigray highlands are an issue of global concern.
9 Descheemaeker, Katrien; Poesen, J.; Borselli, L.; Nyssen, J.; Raes, D.; Haile, M.; Muys, B.; Deckers, J. 2008. Runoff curve numbers for steep hillslopes with natural vegetation in semi-arid tropical highlands, northern Ethiopia. Hydrological Processes, 22:4097-4105.
Hydrology ; Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Rangelands ; Highlands ; Vegetation ; Eucalyptus ; Rainfall-runoff relationships / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041539)
(0.30 MB)
Daily runoff from 27 plots (5 m ð 2 m) recorded during two rainy seasons in the Tigray highlands (Ethiopia) were analysed together with daily rainfall to calculate runoff curve numbers for hillslopes covered by semi-natural vegetation in varying stages of vegetation restoration. Curve number model parameters were derived using a least squares fitting procedure on the collected rainfall–runoff datasets. Curve numbers varied from 29 to 97. Land use type was an important explanatory factor for the variation in curve numbers, whereas hydrologic soil group was not. Curve numbers were negatively correlated with vegetation cover. Taking into account antecedent soil moisture conditions did not improve runoff prediction using the curve number method. As runoff prediction was less accurate in areas with low curve numbers, two separate regression functions relating curve numbers with vegetation cover were proposed for different land use types.
10 Descheemaeker, Katrien; Raes, D.; Nyssen, J.; Poesen, J.; Haile, M.; Deckers, J. 2009. Changes in water flows and water productivity upon vegetation regeneration on degraded hillslopes in northern Ethiopia: a water balance modelling exercise. Rangeland Journal, 31(2):237-249. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1071/RJ09010]
Water balance ; Simulation models ; Soil water ; Measurement ; Experiments ; Highlands ; Sloping land ; Grazing lands ; Pastures ; Vegetation ; Regeneration ; Water productivity ; Percolation ; Evapotranspiration ; Runoff / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 636 100 AME Record No: H042211)
(0.61 MB)
The establishment of exclosures (i.e. areas closed for grazing and agriculture) is a common practice to reverse land degradation through vegetation regeneration in the semiarid highland areas of northern Ethiopia. In order to assess the effect of exclosures on water flows, the water balance components for different vegetation regeneration stages were assessed through field measurements and modelling. Successful model calibration and validation was done based on soil water content measurements conducted during 2 years in 22 experimental plots. In the protected areas, vegetation regeneration leads to an increase in infiltration and transpiration and a more productive use of water for biomass production. In areas where additional lateral water (runon) infiltrates, source–sink systems are created. Here, up to 30% of the annual rainfall percolates through the root-zone towards the groundwater table. Increased biomass production in exclosures leads to possibilities for wood harvesting and cut and carry of grasses for livestock feeding. Together with water conservation and more productive use of water, the latter contributes to increased livestock water productivity. At the landscape scale, the creation of vegetation filters, capturing resources like water and nutrients, reinforces the rehabilitation process and healthy landscape functioning.
11 Gebreselassie, Y.; Amdemariam, T.; Haile, M.; Yamoah, C. 2009. Lessons from upstream soil conservation measures to mitigate soil erosion and its impact on upstream and downstream users of the Nile River. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.170-183.
Erosion ; Land degradation ; Soil conservation ; Bunds ; Water conservation ; Soil properties / Africa / Ethiopia / Nile River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042517)
(0.37 MB)
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil bunds stabilized with vetiver grass (V. zizanioides) and tree lucerne (C. palmensis) on selected soil physical and chemical properties, bund height, inter-terrace slope and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield in Absela site, Banja Shikudad District, Awi administrative Zone of the Amhara National Regional State (ANRS) located in the Blue Nile Basin. The experiment had five treatments that included non-conserved land (control), a 9-year old soil bund stabilized with tree lucerne, a 9-year old soil bund stabilized with vetiver grass, a 9-year old sole soil bund, and a 6-year old soil bund stabilized with tree lucerne. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean values for the treatments were separated using the Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results of the experiment indicated that organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (N), bulk density, infiltration rate, bund height, and inter-terrace slope are significantly (p?0.05) affected by soil conservation measures. The non-conserved fields had significantly lower OC, total N, and infiltration rate; whereas higher bulk density as compared to the conserved fields with different conservation measures. However, no significant differences in bulk density were observed among the conservation methods. The field treated with 9-year old soil bund stabilized with tree lucerne or sole soil bund had significantly higher OC content than all other treatments. Fields having 6-year old soil bunds had lower OC and total N when compared to fields having 9-year old soil bunds irrespective of their method of stabilization. Fields with soil bunds stabilized with vetiver grass had the highest bund height and the lowest inter-terrace slope than fields with the remaining conservation measures. Barley grain and straw yields were significantly (P<0.05) greater in both the soil accumulation and loss zones of the conserved fields than the non-conserved (control) ones. In the accumulation zone, fields with the 9-year old soil bund stabilized with tree lucerne and those with the 9-year old sole soil bund gave higher grain yields (1878.5 kg ha-1 and 1712.5 kg ha-1, respectively) than fields having 9-year old soil bund stabilized with vetiver grass (1187 kg ha-1) and 6-year old soil bund stabilized with tree lucerne (1284.25 kg ha-1). When we compare the accumulation and the loss zones, the average grain yield obtained from the accumulation zones (averaged over all the Lessons from Upstream Soil Conservation Measures to Mitigate Soil Erosion and its Impact on Upstream and Downstream Users of the Nile River.
12 Nyssen, J.; Descheemaeker, Katrien; Zenebe, A.; Poesen, J.; Deckers, J.; Haile, M.. 2009. Transhumance in the Tigray Highlands (Ethiopia) Mountain Research and Development, 29(3):255-264. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1659/mrd.00033]
Highlands ; Grazing lands ; Pastures ; Livestock ; Rangelands ; Transhumance / Ethiopia / Tigray Highlands
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042534)
(0.80 MB)
Transhumance, the seasonal movement of herds occurring between two points and following precise routes repeated each year, is practiced on a broad scale in the open field areas of Tigray (North Ethiopia). This article presents a characterization of the practice, factors that explain its magnitude, and recent changes. Eleven villages were selected randomly, semistructured interviews were conducted, and data on the sites were collected both in the field and from secondary sources. The transhumance destination zones are characterized as better endowed with water and fodder resources, essentially due to their great extent. The sample villages can be classified into three groups: annual transhumance (average one-way traveling distance 8.1 km), home range herding (average traveling distance 2.2 km), and keeping livestock near homesteads. Movements are basically induced by the fact that there is little to no space for livestock near the villages during the crop-growing period—not by the significantly different temperature or rainfall conditions in the grazing lands. Adults will only herd the flocks when the distance for transhumance is great or considered unsafe; otherwise, young boys tend the livestock for the entire summer rainy season. Faced with social (schooling) and technological (reservoir construction and establishment of exclosures) changes, transhumance in Tigray has adjusted in a highly adaptive way, with new routes being developed and others abandoned. Transhumance does not lead to major conflicts in the study area even when livestock are brought to areas that belong to other ethnic groups (Afar, Amhara).
13 Nyssen, J.; Clymans, W.; Descheemaeker, Katrien; Poesen, J.; Vandecasteele, I.; Vanmaercke, M.; Zenebe, A.; Van Camp, M.; Haile, M.; Haregeweyn, N.; Moeyersons, J.; Martens, K.; Gebreyohannes, T.; Deckers, J.; Walraevens, K. 2010. Impact of soil and water conservation measures on catchment hydrological response: a case in north Ethiopia. Hydrological Processes, 24(13):1880-1895. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7628]
Catchment areas ; Water conservation ; Soil conservation ; Hydrology ; Runoff ; Water table ; Measurement ; Water balance / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042876)
(0.59 MB)
Impact studies of catchment management in the developing world rarely include detailed hydrological components. Here, changes in the hydrological response of a 200-ha catchment in north Ethiopia are investigated. The management included various soil and water conservation measures such as the construction of dry masonry stone bunds and check dams, the abandonment of post-harvest grazing, and the establishment of woody vegetation. Measurements at the catchment outlet indicated a runoff depth of 5 mm or a runoff coefficient (RC) of 1Ð6% in the rainy season of 2006. Combined with runoff measurements at plot scale, this allowed calculating the runoff curve number (CN) for various land uses and land management techniques. The pre-implementation runoff depth was then predicted using the CN values and a ponding adjustment factor, representing the abstraction of runoff induced by the 242 check dams in gullies. Using the 2006 rainfall depths, the runoff depth for the 2000 land management situation was predicted to be 26Ð5 mm (RC D 8%), in line with current RCs of nearby catchments. Monitoring of the ground water level indicated a rise after catchment management. The yearly rise in water table after the onset of the rains ( T) relative to the water surplus (WS) over the same period increased between 2002–2003 ( T/WS D 3Ð4) and 2006 ( T/WS >11Ð1). Emerging wells and irrigation are other indicators for improved water supply in the managed catchment. Cropped fields in the gullies indicate that farmers are less frightened for the destructive effects of flash floods. Due to increased soil water content, the crop growing period is prolonged. It can be concluded that this catchment management has resulted in a higher infiltration rate and a reduction of direct runoff volume by 81% which has had a positive influence on the catchment water balance.
14 Marie, M.; Yirga, F.; Haile, M.; Tquabo, F. 2020. Farmers' choices and factors affecting adoption of climate change adaptation strategies: evidence from northwestern Ethiopia. Heliyon, 6(4):e03867. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03867]
Climate change adaptation ; Farmers ; Strategies ; Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Mixed cropping ; Mixed farming ; Irrigation ; Socioeconomic environment ; Households ; Farm income ; Market access ; Policies ; Models / Ethiopia / Gondar Zuria
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049687)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402030712X/pdfft?md5=36b5cdd951cdd0d380b2647aa56a6960&pid=1-s2.0-S240584402030712X-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049687.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049687.pdf
(1.31 MB) (1.31 MB)
Climate change is a major environmental and socioeconomic challenge in Ethiopia in recent decades. The study site is one of the climate change prone areas affected by climate variability and extreme events. Therefore, a better understanding of area-specific and adaptation is crucial to develop and implement proper adaptation strategies that can alleviate the adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, this work was aimed to identify determinants of farmers' adoption of climate change adaptation strategies in Gondar Zuria District of northwestern Ethiopia. Primary data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires, observation, and interviews. Besides, the secondary data were also obtained from journal articles, reports, governmental offices, and the internet. The Multinomial and Binary logistic regression models with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (21th edition) were used to analyze the data. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to estimate the influence of the socioeconomic characteristics of sample households on the farmer's decision to choose climate change adaptation strategies. The result showed that age, gender, family size, farm income, and farm size had a significant influence on the farmers' choice of climate change adaptation strategies. The result also revealed that crop failure, severe soil erosion and shortages of water are major climate change-related problems than others. In order to alleviate these problems, farmers have implemented mixed farming, mixed cropping, early and late planting (changing sowing period), use of drought-resistant crop varieties, application of soil and water conservation techniques, shifting to non-farm income activities and use of irrigation. In contrast, access to climate information, total annual farm income, and market access variables are significant adoption determinants of climate change adaptation strategies by farmers' in the study site. Therefore, we recommend future adaptation-related plans should focus on improving climate change information access, improving market access and enhancing research on the use of rainwater harvesting technology.
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