Your search found 6 records
1 Shah, Tushaar; Ul Hassan, Mehmood; Khattak, M. Z.; Banerjee, P. S.; Singh, O. P.; Ur Rehman, S. 2009. Is irrigation water free?: a reality check in the Indo-Gangetic Basin. World Development, 37(2):422-434.
Water scarcity ; Irrigation water ; Pricing ; Water market ; Poverty ; Developing countries ; Irrigation canals ; Wells ; Pumps ; Energy expenditure ; Tube wells ; Water costs ; Rice ; Wheat / India / Pakistan / Bangladesh / Nepal / Indo-Gangetic River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.4 G570 SHA Record No: H041482)
‘‘Getting prices right” is the silver bullet widely advocated to developing countries in fighting waste, misallocation and scarcity of water. In the vast, poverty-stricken Indo-Gangetic basin, however, high surrogate water price is driving out small-holder irrigation. With rising diesel prices, most small-holders who use borewells for irrigation find effective water use cost soaring, obliging them to economize on water use even by quitting irrigated farming. Electrified borewell owners, far fewer, face low marginal cost but have to contend with stringent electricity rationing. Public irrigation systems grossly under-price irrigation, but these are getting marginalized despite massive government and donor investments.
2 Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, Francis; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S.; Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.) 2008. Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.4. Project posters by phase 1 projects of the Challenge Program on Water and Food. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. 40p.
River basin development ; Water resource management ; Water productivity ; Soil management ; Salinity ; Crop management ; Agroforestry ; Collective action ; Models ; Wetlands ; Dams ; Reservoirs ; Livestock ; Wastewater irrigation ; Public health ; Health hazards ; Groundwater ; Water governance ; Poverty ; Climate change ; Water allocation ; Rice / Africa / Ethiopia / Asia / South East Asia / Iran / Vietnam / Bangladesh / Nepal / Colombia / Volta River Basin / Indo-Gangetic River Basin / Nile River Basin / Karkheh River Basin / Mekong River Basin / Red River Basin / Yellow River Basin / Andes
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G000 HUM Record No: H041792)
http://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/3709/IFWF2_proceedings_Volume%20IV.pdf?sequence=1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041792.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041792.pdf
(6.85 MB)
3 Villholth, K. G.; Mukherji, Aditi; Sharma, Bharat R.; Wang, J. 2010. Constraints to smallholder livelihood in irrigated agriculture in groundwater dependent parts of Asia. [Abstract only]. In Abstracts of the “Toward Sustainable Groundwater in Agriculture - An International Conference Linking Science and Policy,” Hyatt Regency San Francisco Airport, Burlingame, California , USA, 15-17 June 2010. Davis, CA, USA: University of California; Sacramento, CA, USA: Water Education Foundation. pp.173.
Irrigated farming ; Groundwater irrigation ; Pumping / Asia / India / China / Pakistan / Bangladesh / Nepal / Indo-Gangetic River Basin / Yellow River Basin / North China Plains
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043194)
http://www.ag-groundwater.org/Materials/Ag-GW_2010_Abstracts.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043194.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043194.pdf
(0.02 MB) (3.75 MB)
Groundwater is of paramount importance as resource input to smallholder irrigated agriculture in many parts of Asia today, both for securing subsistence farming as well as part of economic livelihood strategies. It is estimated that 1 billion farmers across India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal are reliant on groundwater for their farming. However, despite and in some places because of effective and widespread technologies for accessing and utilizing groundwater, the farmers often encounter constraints in their further development and benefit optimizing of this resource. As part of devising policies and programs that contribute towards sustainable farming systems, integrated land use planning, effective use of water resources, increased food production, and adaptation to global changes in climate, demography, and economic conditions, it is key to understand the realities of farmer interaction with and impediments for utilizing groundwater in these parts of the world. Data and results are presented from action research carried out in the alluvial sedimentary basins of the Indo-Gangetic and Yellow River systems (Fig. 1) as part of a major training and research capacity building effort for groundwater professionals from these five Asian countries. A subsidiary objective to the capacity building aim was to gain insight into and collect key figures and comparative descriptions of the physical, the agricultural, and the household economic conditions for the poor farmers to engage in groundwater irrigation. Major constraints for groundwater use relate to exhaustion of the resource (Yellow River Basin, the North China Plains and western India) and to lack of reliable or affordable energy sources for the pumping of groundwater (eastern India and Bangladesh). Agricultural production levels are relatively low in a global context, particularly in the poorest areas, reflecting other constraints, such as lack of other production inputs and supporting market and service infrastructure. Nowhere is groundwater managed actively and directly, though few examples of local and social schemes for management were encountered. Adaptation or coping strategies of the farmers varied from drilling deeper wells and implementing more efficient pumps in over-exploited areas to substituting expensive diesel fuels with the subsidized cooking oil kerosene in areas with plenty of groundwater but poor energy sources (Table 1). In most places, farmers respond by diversifying crops and livelihood income sources. Migration is also practiced but not always to the effect of relieving further stress on groundwater. General recommendations are provided for addressing the groundwater-related constraints in the diverse landscape of groundwater based economies.
4 Cai, Xueliang; Sharma, Bharat R.; Matin, Mir Abdul. 2010. Current status and scope for improvement of agricultural water productivity in the Indo-Gangetic River Basin. Paper presented at the 3rd International Perspective on Current and Future State of Water Resources and Environment, Chennai, India, 5-7 January 2010. Paper No.270. 7p.
Rice ; Wheat ; Cultivation ; Water productivity ; Irrigated farming ; Evapotranspiration ; Remote sensing / South Asia / Nepal / India / Pakistan / Bangladesh / China / Afghanistan / Indo-Gangetic River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043387)
(0.54 MB)
This paper assesses the agricultural water consumption and productivity of the predominant crop paddy rice and wheat for the Indo-Gangetic river basin (IGB) in South Asia. A new approach was adopted in the study to integrate census, remote sensing and weather data to assess crop water productivity (WP) across large scale. The average paddy field ET for rice for major growing period of June 10 to October 15 is 416 mm, which is 70% of rice potential evapotranspiration (ETp, equals to ET0*Kc). Average rice water productivity is 0.74 kg/m3. The average evapotranspiration (ETa) and WP of wheat is 299 mm and 0.94 kg/m3 respectively. Significant variations were observed for the ETa, yield and WP of rice and wheat. The scope for improvement of water productivity could be assessed by comparing “hot” and “bright” spots in consultation with factors such as rainfall and topography. It is found while improving yield in long term will finally lead to improved WP, reducing non-beneficial ET from low yield areas is a effective approach to improve WP in short term. Integrated land, crop and water management is the key to sustainable development of the region.
5 Cai, Xueliang; Sharma, Bharat R.; Karimi, Poolad. 2010. Agricultural water use in two diverse river basins: a quick comparison of the Limpopo and the Indo-Gangetic basins. [Abstract only]. In ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA). CTA Annual Seminar, Closing the Knowledge Gap: Integrated Water Management for Sustainable Agriculture, Johannesburg, South Africa, 22–26 November 2010. Abstracts. Wageningen, Netherlands: ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA). pp.26.
Irrigation water ; Water use ; Evapotranspiration ; Crop production ; Water productivity ; River basins / Africa / Africa South of Sahara / India / Limpopo River Basin / Indo-Gangetic River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 630 G100 TEC Record No: H043474)
(0.06 MB) (652.11 KB)
6 Amarasinghe, Upali; Xenarios, Stefanos; Ambili, G. K.; Srinivasulu, R.; Singh, A. K.; Pant, Dhruba; Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Samad, Madar. 2010. Water-land-poverty nexus in the Indo-Gangetic Basin. In Sharma, Bharat R.; Amarasinghe, Upali; Ambili, G. K. (Eds). Tackling water and food crisis in South Asia: insights from the Indo-Gangetic Basin. Synthesis report of the Basin Focal Project for the Indo-Gangetic Basin. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF) pp.80-97.
River basins ; Water productivity ; Rural poverty ; Indicators ; Maps ; Land ownership ; Farmers ; Water governance / India / Pakistan / Nepal / Bangladesh / Indo-Gangetic River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044053)
http://mahider.ilri.org/bitstream/handle/10568/3939/PN60_IWMI_Project%20Report_Mar10_final.pdf?sequence=1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044053.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044053.pdf
(0.62 MB) (6.56MB)
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