Your search found 9 records
1 Tafesse, T.. 2001. The hydropolitical assessment of the Nile question: An Ethiopian perspective. Water International, 26(4):578-588.
River basins ; Hydrology ; Political aspects ; Assessment ; Food security ; Water policy ; International cooperation / Ethiopia / Egypt / Sudan / Nile River
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H029629)
2 Mapedza, Everisto; Haileselassie, A.; Hagos, Fitsum; McCartney, Matthew; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Tafesse, T.. 2008. Transboundary water governance institutional architecture: reflections from Ethiopia and Sudan. In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, F.; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S. Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.). Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.1. Keynotes; Cross-cutting topics. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. pp.77-80.
Water governance ; Water resource management ; International agreements ; River basins ; International cooperation ; International relations / Ethiopia / Sudan / Blue Nile River Basin / Limpopo River Basin / Zambezi River Basin / Volta River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G000 HUM Record No: H041780)
http://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/3706/IFWF2_proceedings_Volume%20I.pdf?sequence=1
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041780.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H041780.pdf
(7.964MB)
3 Tafesse, T.. 2009. Benefit-sharing framework in transboundary river basins: the case of the Eastern Nile Sub Basin. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.232-245.
Water governance ; River basins ; International waters ; International cooperation / Africa / Eastern Nile Sub Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042519)
(0.42 MB)
In some parts of the world, including Africa, problems related to water scarcity and water stress (which is even worse) is evident. Currently, about one-third of the African population is experiencing water scarcity. For countries sharing transboundary rivers, the adoption of water governance in all their strategies is of paramount importance. For this to happen, cooperation among riparian states becomes indispensable. Cooperation can help in availing more water in the basin, reducing soil erosion, mitigating drought and ensuring food security. At present, there is more emphasis on the sharing of transboundary benefits rather than physical water per se. Whereas the former can bring about a zero-sum negotiation the latter can yield a positive sum outcome. The benefits that can be accrued through cooperation could be economic, environmental, social and political. The aim of this study is to highlight the concept of benefit sharing and benefit-sharing framework in general terms as well as in the context of the Eastern Nile Subbasin. By doing so, the study looks into some of the ongoing and planned Eastern Nile projects, with particular emphasis on the Joint Multipurpose Program (JMP), to test the degree of relevance of the issue of the benefit- sharing framework and to suggest the way forward. The findings of the study have indicated that benefit sharing in transboundary river basins is an outcome of a collaborative effort by the co-riparian states to reduce costs and increase outputs. It could also mean the management of shared waters more efficiently and effectively across all sectors, so-called sectoral optimization. The effects and impacts of joint investments in both upstream and downstream states can yield a bundle of benefits including, but not restricted to, flood control, reduction of sedimentation, availability of more water in the basin and hydropower production. These, in turn, can ensure food security, mitigate drought and avail renewable energy. For transboundary rivers such as the Nile, attempts should be made to identify the typologies of benefits, aspects of benefit sharing, scenarios of benefit sharing, and the optimization/maximization of benefits. With the better management of ecosystems cooperation can provide ‘benefits to the river’; with cooperative management of shared rivers benefits can be accrued ‘from the river’ (e.g., increased food production and power); with the easing of tensions between riparian states costs ‘because of the river’ could be reduced; and with cooperation between riparian states leading to economic integration comes ‘benefits beyond the river’. In terms of aspects of benefit sharing, issues related to benefit sharing for whom, by whom and because of who need to be addressed. Similarly, scenarios of benefit sharing Benefit-Sharing Framework in Transboundary River Basins: The Case of the Eastern Nile Subbasin 233 CP 19 Project Workshop Proceedings should be considered as phases or time perspectives by anchoring short-term works of strengthening the hitherto existing riparian links, medium-term tracking and improvement of in-country and transborder institutional arrangements for resource use and cooperation, and long-term efforts on investment in basin-wide joint development and programs. Due to the prevalence of centuries of hydropolitical stalemates in the Nile Basin, costs ‘because of the river’ remained high. The lack of cooperation impeded many of the basin states to reap little or no benefits from the river. The establishment of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) in 1999 has been marked as a strong departure compared to its predecessors. The Eastern Nile Subsidiary Action Program (ENSAP) and with it the Eastern Nile Technical Regional Office (ENTRO) have identified a number of projects, of which JMP stands out as one of the most significant ones. It aims to undertake multipurpose and multi-country programs of activities encompassing watershed and environmental management; and enhanced agricultural production and renewable energy. When this project gets grounded, it could mitigate natural resources degradation, alleviate poverty and enhance agricultural production. There is a possibility for the three Eastern Nile countries to accrue transboundary benefits. As things stand now, the three Eastern Nile countries need to first and foremost identify the bundle of benefits that can be generated from the project and then agree on the mechanisms by which they can realize the ‘equitable sharing of benefits’. They also need to formulate and sign a benefit-sharing treaty, develop a sound financial framework to realize the equitable sharing of benefits, costs and risks and the joint ownership of assets. Last but not least, the Eastern Nile countries should establish institutions that will manage benefit-sharing schemes and address issues such as mechanisms of delivering benefits.
4 Mapedza, Everisto; Haileslassie, A.; Hagos, Fitsum; McCartney, Matthew; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Tafesse, T.. 2009. Transboundary water governance institutional architecture: reflections from Ethiopia and Sudan. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.246-253.
Water governance ; Institutions ; International waters ; International cooperation ; River basin management / Africa / Ethiopia / Sudan / Blue Nile River Basin / Abbay River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042520)
(0.35 MB)
Transboundary water resource governance is premised on equitable water and water-related benefit sharing. Using the case of the Blue Nile (Ethiopia and Sudan), we explore the conceptual issues that need consideration in the crafting of cross-border cooperation within the water sector. First, drawing on global experiences with transboundary water management, we evaluate how upstream and downstream concerns are addressed by transboundary water management institutions. Second, we explore the kinds of institutional design and the issues which need to be considered to result in ‘win-win’ scenarios for both upstream and downstream users, as well as the mechanisms of benefit sharing negotiated amongst different stakeholders. Third, we examine ways of addressing equity and livelihoods in transboundary institutional arrangements. Finally, we attempt to assess how transboundary institutions can address broader historical, political and economic issues and their implications for sustainable transboundary water governance. This paper raises key issues that need to be addressed in establishing transboundary governance institutions.
5 Alemayehu, B.; Hagos, Fitsum; Haileslassie, A.; Mapedza, Everisto; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Peden, D.; Tafesse, T.. 2009. Prospect of payments for environmental services in the Blue Nile Basin: examples from Koga and Gumera watersheds, Ethiopia. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.254-280.
River basin management ; Watershed management ; Land management ; Households ; Farmers attitudes ; Economic aspects / Africa / Ethiopia / Blue Nile River Basin / Koga Watershed / Gumera Watershed / Lake Tana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.9162 G100 AWU Record No: H042521)
(0.68 MB)
In transboundary river basins, like the Blue Nile, conflicts over the use of water resources are growing and recent advances in sustainable resource management recognizes the need for approaches that coordinate activities of people dependent on a common resource-base to realize sustainability and equity. Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are a component of a new and more direct conservation paradigm and an emerging concept to finance conservation programs by fostering dialogue between upstream and downstream land users. Those kinds of approach are particularly useful if applied in basins where irrigation schemes are emerging and the service life of reservoir and irrigation canals, in downstream areas are threatened by the sediments moved from upstream region. Here we report the results of our study on the determinants of Willingness to Pay (WTP) and Willingness to Compensate (WTC) for improved land and water management practices in the Blue Nile Basin (Gumera and Koga watersheds). A total of 325 sample households were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique, and a structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from the sample households. We applied Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to elicit WTP using monetary and material payment vehicles. Our results showed that more households are willing to pay in labor than in cash. The mean WTP for improved land and water management was estimated at US$1.06 and US$1.3 months-1 household-1 for upstream and downstream farmers, respectively. Besides, 83.56% of the sample farm households showed WTC the upstream farmers in cash. However, the aggregate WTP falls far short of the estimated investment cost needed for ecosystem restoration. Among others, the number of livestock, size of arable land, access to education and credit by the sample farm households were identified to positively influence sample farmers’ WTP for restoration of ecosystem services and downstream farmers’ WTC for improved ecosystem regulation services. Therefore, institutions and policy measures that enhance environmental education, reduce poverty and foster stakeholders’ cooperation must be promoted. Prospect of Payments for Environmental Services in the Blue Nile Basin: Examples from Koga and Gumera Watersheds.
6 Slaymaker, T.; Adank, M.; Boelee, Eline; Hagos, Fitsum; Nicol, A.; Tafesse, T.; Tolossa, D.; Tucker, J. 2007. Water, livelihoods and growth: concept paper. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Research-inspired Policy and Practice Learning in Ethiopia and the Nile region (RiPPLE) 24p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042744)
http://rippleethiopia.org/documents/stream/20080704-growth-theme-concept-paper
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042744.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042744.pdf
(0.25 MB)
7 Mapedza, Everisto; Tafesse, T.. 2011. Benefit sharing as a mechanism for improving transboundary water governance: the case of the eastern Nile Sub-basin. [Abstract only]. Paper presented at the European Science Foundation (ESF) Conference on Water Governance: Meeting the Challenges of Global Change, University of Innsbruck, Obergurgl, Austria, 5 -10 June 2011. 1p.
Benefits ; International waters ; Water governance ; Case studies ; River basins / Egypt / Blue Nile River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044580)
(0.05 MB)
Benefit sharing is a mechanism that can enable riparian countries to share diverse benefits derived from water rather than physical water per se. This approach transforms transboundary water governance from a Zero Sum Scenario (ZSS) to Positive Sum Outcomes (PSO), where all stakeholders benefit from cooperation. The Zero Sum Scenario undermines collective action because gains by one actor or country results in loss to others as in the Chayanovian model. Zero sum scenarios imply sharing a cake of a fixed size. Viewed through a Boserupian lens, benefit sharing opens up the possibility of expanding the size of the ‘cake’ so that all users can gain from effective water utilization. Some researchers argue that although benefit sharing sounds simple and logical, the application of the concept is difficult in practice. This study aims to assess how transboundary institutions could adopt benefit sharing framework in the Eastern Nile River Sub-basin in the context of the shifting political landscape in Egypt and the reconfiguration of political boundaries due to the division of Sudan into two countries which is most likely going to increase chances of cooperation within the Blue Nile.
8 Haileslassie, A.; Hagos, Fitsum; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Peden D.; Ahmed, A. A.; Gebreselassie, S.; Tafesse, T.; Mapedza, Everisto; Mukherji, Aditi. 2012. Institutions and policy in the Blue Nile Basin: understanding challenges and opportunities for improved land and water management. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Molden, David; Peden D. (Eds.). The Nile River Basin: water, agriculture, governance and livelihoods. Abingdon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.253-268.
River basins ; Water management ; Land management ; Institutions ; Organizations ; Water policy ; Land policy ; Upstream ; Downstream ; Economic aspects / Africa / Blue Nile River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H045320)
(1.07MB)
9 Mapedza, Everisto; Tafesse, T.. 2011. Partage des benefices du bassin du nil bleu: la lecon a tirer d'autres bassins fluviaux. In French. [Benefit sharing in the Blue Nile River Basin: drawing on lessons of experiences from other river basins]. Ethique et Societe, 7(2-3):193-218.
Water resources ; Water use ; Models ; River basins ; International Waters ; Institutions ; International cooperation / Egypt / Sudan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045739)
(0.30 MB)
Benefit sharing is a mechanism that can enable riparian countries to share diverse benefits derived from water resources generally rather than physical water per se. This approach transforms trans-boundary water governance from a Zero Sum Scenario (ZSS) to Positive Sum Outcomes (PSO), where all stakeholders benefit from cooperation. The Zero Sum Scenario undermines collective action because gains by one actor or country results in loss to others as in the Chayanovian model. Zero sum scenarios imply sharing a cake of a fixed size. Viewed through a Boserupian lens, benefit sharing opens up the possibility of expanding the size of the ‘cake’ so that all users can gain from effective water utilization. Some researchers argue that, although benefit sharing sounds simple and logical, the application of the concept is difficult in practice. This study aims to assess how transboundary institutions could adopt a benefit sharing framework in the Eastern Nile River sub-basin in the context of the shifting political landscape in Egypt and the reconfiguration of political boundaries due to the division of Sudan into two countries which is most likely going to increase chances of cooperation within the Blue Nile.
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