Your search found 13 records
1 Brouziyne, Youssef; Abouabdillah, A.; Bouchaou, L.; Attar, O.; Ez-zaouy, Y.; Benaabidate, L.; Chehbouni, A. 2022. Toward better preparedness of Mediterranean rainfed agricultural systems to future climate-change-induced water stress: study case of Bouregreg Watershed (Morocco). Environmental Sciences Proceedings, 16(1):58. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022016058]
Rainfed agriculture ; Agricultural systems ; Water stress ; Climate change ; Forecasting ; Drought ; Crop yield ; Watersheds ; Catchment areas ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Models / Mediterranean Region / Morocco / Bouregreg Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051244)
https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4931/16/1/58/pdf?version=1655352260
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051244.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051244.pdf
(1.82 MB) (1.82 MB)
Improving the preparedness of agricultural systems to future climate-change-induced phenomena, such as drought-induced water stress, and the predictive analysis of their vulnerability is crucial. In this study, a hybrid modeling approach based on the SWAT model was built to understand the response of major crops and streamflow in the Bouregreg catchment in Morocco to future droughts. During dry years, the simulation results showed a dramatic decrease in water resources availability (up to -40%) with uneven impacts across the study catchment area. Crop-wise, significant decreases in rainfed wheat productivity (up to -55%) were simulated during future extremely dry growing seasons.
2 Ez-zaouy, Y.; Bouchaou, L.; Saad, A.; Hssaisoune, M.; Brouziyne, Youssef; Dhiba, D.; Chehbouni, A. 2022. Groundwater resources in Moroccan coastal aquifers: insights of salinization impact on agriculture. Environmental Sciences Proceedings, 16(1):48. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022016048]
Groundwater ; Water resources ; Coastal aquifers ; Salinization ; Agriculture ; Seawater ; Saltwater intrusion ; Irrigation water ; Water pollution ; Physicochemical properties ; Parameters / Morocco
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051245)
https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4931/16/1/48/pdf?version=1655370566
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051245.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051245.pdf
(0.46 MB) (468 KB)
Across several coastal areas in Morocco, groundwater is the strategic source of irrigation. In this work, a database of thirteen Moroccan coastal aquifers was used to assess groundwater for agriculture purposes, as well as to highlight the process responsible of the degradation of groundwater resource quality in Moroccan coastal areas. According to electrical conductivity parameter, the results show that 92% of the collected samples were not suitable for irrigation uses. This situation is due to seawater intrusion and water–rock interaction processes, in addition to intensive agriculture activities and the introduction of domestic and industrial wastewater without any treatment. In order to control the impact of groundwater salinity on agriculture, management plans are proposed.
3 Epule, T. E.; Chehbouni, A.; Ongoma, V.; Brouziyne, Youssef; Etongo, D.; Molua, E. L. 2022. A new index on agricultural land greenhouse gas emissions in Africa. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 194(9):598. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10196-4]
Greenhouse gas emissions ; Agricultural land ; Carbon dioxide ; Methane emission ; Nitrous oxide ; Climate change adaptation ; Climate change mitigation ; Vulnerability ; Spatial distribution ; Time series analysis / North Africa / West Africa / Middle Africa / East Africa / Southern Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051387)
(1.27 MB)
Africa emits the lowest amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the global GHG budget. However, the continent remains the most vulnerable continent to the effects of climate change. The agricultural sector in Africa is among the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. Also, as a dominant agricultural sector, African agriculture is increasingly contributing to climate change through GHG emissions. Research has so far focused on the effects of GHG emissions on the agricultural and other sectors with very little emphasis on monitoring and quantifying the spatial distribution of GHG emissions from agricultural land in Africa. This study develops a new index: African Agricultural Land Greenhouse Gas Index (AALGGI) that uses scores and specific scale ranges for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) to map the spatial variations in regional GHG emissions across Africa. The data for the three main GHGs (CO2, CH4, and N20) were downloaded from FAOSTAT. The data were analyzed through the newly developed African Agricultural Land Greenhouse Gas Index (AALGGI). This is an empirical index with scores ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating higher levels of emissions. The results show that Southern and North African regions have the lowest amounts of agricultural land GHG emissions, with AALGGIs of 3.5 and 4.5, respectively. East Africa records the highest levels of GHG emissions, with an AALGGI of 8 followed by West Africa with an AALGGI of 7.5. With the continental mean or baseline AALGGI being 5.8, East and Middle Africa are above the mean AALGGI. These results underscore the fact that though Africa, in general, is not a heavy emitter of GHGs, African agricultural lands are increasingly emitting more GHGs into the global GHG budget. The low AALGGIs in the more developed parts of Africa such as Southern and North Africa are explained by their domination in other GHG emitting sectors such as industrialization and energy. The high rates of emissions in East Africa and Middle Africa are mainly linked to intensive traditional farming practices/processes and deforestation. These findings underscore the need to further leverage climate change mitigation actions and policy in Africa and most importantly the co-benefits of mitigation and adaptations in the most vulnerable regions.
4 Ali, A. A.; Bouchaou, L.; Er-Raki, S.; Hssaissoune, M.; Brouziyne, Youssef; Ezzahar, J.; Khabba, S.; Chakir, A.; Labbaci, A.; Chehbouni, A. 2023. Assessment of crop evapotranspiration and deep percolation in a commercial irrigated citrus orchard under semi-arid climate: combined Eddy-Covariance measurement and soil water balance-based approach. Agricultural Water Management, 275:107997. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107997]
Irrigated farming ; Citrus ; Evapotranspiration ; Deep percolation ; Semiarid climate ; Commercial farming ; Soil water balance ; Energy balance ; Agriculture ; Water management ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation scheduling ; Water supply ; Water stress ; Rain ; Crop water use ; Mediterranean climate ; Eddy covariance / Morocco / Souss-Massa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051504)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377422005443/pdfft?md5=d4f0a4edbb61d5f3f910c624caa72c48&pid=1-s2.0-S0378377422005443-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051504.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051504.pdf
(3.43 MB) (3.43 MB)
An accurate estimate of crop coefficient (Kc) values at different development stages (Kcini, Kcmid, and Kcend) is crucial for assessing crop water requirements in semi-arid regions. The objectives of this study were first to quantify the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and to calculate the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) over citrus in a semi-arid climate under drip irrigation. For this purpose, a site of a citrus orchard in Souss-Massa, planted with the Esbal variety of clementine, was equipped with an Eddy-Covariance (EC) system, and sensors to measure radiation, soil heat flux, and micrometeorological forcing data, during 2020 and 2021 seasons. Also, the soil moisture content at various soil depths in the root zone near the EC tower was monitored. The energy balance closure (EBC) approach was adopted for flux assessment to ensure a quality check for the EC measurements. The obtained EBCs were about 82% and 79% for the daily measurements in 2020 and 2021, respectively, which can be considered acceptable considering the nature of the citrus orchard (relatively tall and sparse). Second, the study aimed to estimate actual Kc act values for citrus under the same irrigation strategy. The derived values were compared to different recommended Kc values in the literature. In the third stage, this work aimed to offer an alternative plan to sustainable irrigation management by elaborating an irrigation schedule for citrus crops in the region using the FAO-56 simple approach to avoid water stress and deep percolation (i.e., Ks = 1 and DP = 0). Eventually, an irrigation schedule was drawn following the crop’s phenological stages. The seasonal mean citrus evapotranspiration (ETa) values are 1.68, 3.02, and 1.86 mm/day for the initial, mid, and end-season. The seasonal actual Kc act values were 0.64, 0.58, and 0.64 for Kcini, Kcmid, and Kcend, respectively. Additionally, the application of the water balance equation revealed that a large quantity of water is lost through deep percolation (52% of total water supplied). The study focuses on Citrus trees being a strategic crop with important socio-economic values in the Souss-Massa region. Thus, the results should support both scientists and farmers in planning and strategy development.
5 Lahham, N.; Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Orabi, Mohamed O. M.; Brouziyne, Youssef. 2022. Context and drivers of water reuse in MENA. In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Al-Hamdi, M.; AbuZeid, K. (Eds.). Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.3-14.
Water reuse ; Water scarcity ; Water stress ; Agriculture ; Intensification ; Population growth ; Urbanization ; Wastewater treatment / Middle East / North Africa / Algeria / Bahrain / Egypt / Iraq / Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Libya / Mauritania / Morocco / Oman / Palestine / Qatar / Saudi Arabia / Sudan / Syrian Arab Republic / Tunisia / United Arab Emirates / Yemen
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051736)
(200 KB)
6 Brouziyne, Youssef; El Bilali, A.; Epule, T. E.; Ongoma, V.; Elbeltagi, A.; Hallam, J.; Moudden, F.; Al-Zubi, Maha; Vadez, V.; McDonnell, Rachael. 2023. Towards lower greenhouse gas emissions agriculture in North Africa through climate-smart agriculture: a systematic review. Climate, 11(7):139. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cli11070139]
Climate-smart agriculture ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; Emission reduction ; Climate change mitigation ; Carbon sequestration ; Agricultural practices ; Conservation tillage ; Soil organic carbon ; Systematic reviews / North Africa / Egypt / Libya / Tunisia / Algeria / Morocco
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy onl Record No: H052079)
https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/11/7/139/pdf?version=1688377462
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052079.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052079.pdf
(1.07 MB) (1.07 MB)
North Africa (NA) is supposed to lower emissions in its agriculture to honor climate action commitments and to impulse sustainable development across Africa. Agriculture in North Africa has many assets and challenges that make it fit to use the tools of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) for mitigation purposes. This study represents a first attempt to understand if CSA practices are sufficiently established in NA to contribute to reducing agriculture emissions. A PRISMA-inspired systematic review was carried out on an initial 147 studies retrieved from Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Web of Science databases, as well as from gray literature. 11 studies were included in the final analysis since they report the mitigation and co-benefits of CSA-based practices within NA. A bias risk was identified around the optimal inclusion of studies produced in French, and a specific plan was set for its minimization. Synthesis results revealed that most studies focused either on improving soil quality (nine studies) or managing enteric fermentation (two studies). The review revealed a poor establishment of the CSA framework in the region, especially in sequestering GHG emissions. A set of recommendations has been formulated to address the identified gaps from research orientations and organizational perspectives and empower the CSA as an ally for mitigation in north African agriculture.
7 Al-Zu’bi, Maha; Daher, B.; Brouziyne, Youssef; Laamrani, H.; Melhem, D.; Greatrix, Emma; Ruckstuhl, Sandra; McCartney, Matthew; Anarbekov, Oyture; Sanchez Ramirez, Juan Carlos; Nicol, Alan. 2023. Building resilience in fragile and conflict-affected agrifood systems through a water-energy-food nexus approach. Cairo, Egypt: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Fragility to Resilience in Central and West Asia and North Africa. 8p.
Agrifood systems ; Resilience ; Water resources ; Energy ; Food security ; Nexus approaches ; Climate change ; Policies ; Stakeholders ; Governance ; Financing ; Investment ; Decision making ; Innovation ; Data analysis ; Capacity development ; Political aspects ; Risk ; Sustainable development ; Conflicts / Middle East / North Africa / Central Asia / West Asia / Syrian Arab Republic / Lebanon / Uzbekistan / Morocco / Egypt / Jordan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052309)
(3.57 MB)
8 Saleth, R. M.; Ait El Mekki, A.; Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Brouziyne, Youssef. 2023. Climate change, transformative adaptation options, multiscale polycentric governance, and rural welfare in Oum Er-Rbia River Basin, Morocco: an empirical evaluation with policy implications. Project report. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience. 117p.
Climate change ; Climate resilience ; Transformation ; Governance ; Rural welfare ; Policies ; Infrastructure ; Food production ; Food security ; Food prices ; Public-private partnerships ; Water supply ; Water security ; Water availability ; Livestock ; Household consumption ; Mathematical models ; Rainfall ; Econometrics ; Value chains / Morocco / Oum Er-Rbia River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052461)
(2.16 MB)
This Study forms part of the research under Work Package #4 (WP4) of CGIAR Research Program: Building Systemic Resilience against Climate Variability and Extremes (ClimBeR), which has the overarching goal of “setting up a bottom-up polycentric governance framework for promoting multiscale transformative adaptation options and targeted climate investments”. Consistent with this objective, this study has made an attempt to develop and empirically apply an innovative methodology that builds on the earlier analytical and empirical woks of Saleth, et al., (2007), Saleth and Dinar (2009), and Saleth, Dinar, and Frisbee (2011). This methodology is rooted in an analytical framework that delineates various possible pathways through which the impacts of climate change are transmitted ultimately on rural welfare at the grassroots level. Since these impact pathways are being characterized by various configurations of climatic, economic, policy, technical, institutional, infrastructural, and welfare-related variables, they provide an excellent operational context not only for incorporating various elements of the MPG structure within a unified context but also for evaluating their roles in mediating and enhancing the climate resilience impacts of TAOs both across regional scales and sectoral contexts.
Notably, in contrast to prevalent approaches in current climate adaptation literature, the impact pathway-based analytical framework enables one to evaluate the welfare impacts of climate resilient coping and adaptation strategies in a more dynamic and interactive context. Clearly, the impact pathways, taken together, constitute the basic building blocks of the analytical framework underlying our evaluation methodology. By defining appropriate variables within relevant empirical context, these impact pathways can be formalized as an inter-related set of equations. Such an equation system can represent a mathematical analogue of the analytical framework, which is capable of being empirically estimated with appropriate data.
Notably, in contrast to prevalent approaches in current climate adaptation literature, the impact pathway-based analytical framework enables one to evaluate the welfare impacts of climate resilient coping and adaptation strategies in a more dynamic and interactive context. Clearly, the impact pathways, taken together, constitute the basic building blocks of the analytical framework underlying our evaluation methodology. By defining appropriate variables within relevant empirical context, these impact pathways can be formalized as an inter-related set of equations. Such an equation system can represent a mathematical analogue of the analytical framework, which is capable of being empirically estimated with appropriate data.
9 Saleth, R. M.; Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Ait El Mekki, A.; Brouziyne, Youssef. 2023. Climate change, transformative adaptation options, multiscale polycentric governance, and rural welfare in Oum Er-Rbia River Basin, Morocco: evaluation framework. Innovation brief. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience. 8p. (Also in French)
Climate change ; Climate resilience ; Transformation ; Governance ; Rural welfare ; Policies ; Mathematical models ; Food production ; Public-private partnerships ; Water footprint / Morocco / Oum Er-Rbia River Basin / Beni Mellal-Khenifra
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052460)
(5.19 MB)
This innovation brief presents a methodology that was developed and empirically applied in Morocco to support the “setting up (of) a multiscale polycentric governance framework for promoting transformative adaptation options for climate change” as part of the overarching goal of Work Package #4 (WP4) of the CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience (also known as ClimBeR). The empirical application to Morocco underlines the importance of the dynamic aspects of this process by bringing together all relevant elements, i.e., climate change, adaptation options, governance structure, impact transmission mechanism, and welfare into a single analytical framework for assessing the transmission of climate change impacts on rural welfare.
10 Ait El Mekki, A.; Saleth, R. M.; Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Brouziyne, Youssef. 2023. Climate change, transformative adaptation options, multiscale polycentric governance, and rural welfare in Oum Er-Rbia River Basin, Morocco: policy recommendations. Policy brief. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience. 8p. (Also in French)
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Climate resilience ; Transformation ; Governance ; Rural welfare ; Policies ; Water resources ; Water security ; Water institutions ; Infrastructure ; Livestock ; Farming systems ; Public-private partnerships ; Drip irrigation ; Mathematical models ; Households / Morocco / Oum Er-Rbia River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052458)
(1.69 MB)
This policy report is based on an analysis that delineates possible impacts pathways characterized by various configurations of climatic, economic, policy, technical, institutional, infrastructural, and welfare-related variables through which climate change’s impacts are transmitted ultimately on rural welfare at the grassroots level.
The analytical framework provides an excellent operational context for evaluating the roles of Multiscale Polycentric Governance (MPG) in mediating and enhancing the climate resilience impacts of Transformative Adaptation Options (TAOs) both across regional scales and sectoral contexts.
Empirical application of the framework to Morocco’s Beni Mellal region in the Oum Er-Rbia Basin shows linkages and synergies of TAOs and governance components that enhance the effectiveness of TAOs.
Transition to effective forms of governance through institutional improvements can help the existing water institutions in the basin which are under extreme pressure due to the challenges of climate change.
The analytical framework provides an excellent operational context for evaluating the roles of Multiscale Polycentric Governance (MPG) in mediating and enhancing the climate resilience impacts of Transformative Adaptation Options (TAOs) both across regional scales and sectoral contexts.
Empirical application of the framework to Morocco’s Beni Mellal region in the Oum Er-Rbia Basin shows linkages and synergies of TAOs and governance components that enhance the effectiveness of TAOs.
Transition to effective forms of governance through institutional improvements can help the existing water institutions in the basin which are under extreme pressure due to the challenges of climate change.
11 Ait El Mekki, A.; Saleth, R. M.; Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Brouziyne, Youssef. 2024. Changement climatique, options d’adaptation transformatrice, gouvernance polycentrique à échelles multiples et bien-être rural dans le bassin de la rivière Oum Er-Rbia, Maroc: recommandations politiques. In French. Note de synthèse sur les politiques. [Climate change, transformative adaptation options, multiscale polycentric governance, and rural welfare in Oum Er-Rbia River Basin, Morocco: policy recommendations]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Institut international de gestion de l’eau (IWMI). Initiative du CGIAR sur la résilience climatique. 8p. (Also in English)
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Climate resilience ; Transformation ; Governance ; Rural welfare ; Policies ; Water resources ; Water security ; Water institutions ; Infrastructure ; Livestock ; Farming systems ; Public-private partnerships ; Drip irrigation ; Mathematical models ; Households / Morocco / Oum Er-Rbia River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052606)
(1.70 MB)
Cette note de synthèse sur les politiques se base sur une analyse qui délimite les voies d’impact possibles caractérisées par diverses configurations de variables climatiques, économiques, politiques, techniques, institutionnelles, infrastructurelles et liées au bien-être à travers lesquelles les impacts du changement climatique sont finalement transmis sur le bien-être rural au niveau local.
Le cadre analytique fournit un excellent contexte opérationnel pour évaluer les rôles de la gouvernance polycentrique à échelles multiples (MPG) dans la médiation et l’amélioration des impacts de la résilience climatique des options d’adaptation transformatrice (TAO) à la fois à travers les échelles régionales et les contextes sectoriels.
L’application empirique du cadre à la région marocaine de Beni Mellal dans le bassin de l’Oum Er-Rbia montre les liens et les synergies entre les TAO et les composantes de la gouvernance qui renforcent l’efficacité des TAO.
La transition vers des formes efficaces de gouvernance par le biais d’améliorations institutionnelles peut aider les institutions s’occupant des questions relatives à l’eau existantes dans le bassin, lesquelles sont soumises à une pression extrême en raison des défis posés par le changement climatique.
Le cadre analytique fournit un excellent contexte opérationnel pour évaluer les rôles de la gouvernance polycentrique à échelles multiples (MPG) dans la médiation et l’amélioration des impacts de la résilience climatique des options d’adaptation transformatrice (TAO) à la fois à travers les échelles régionales et les contextes sectoriels.
L’application empirique du cadre à la région marocaine de Beni Mellal dans le bassin de l’Oum Er-Rbia montre les liens et les synergies entre les TAO et les composantes de la gouvernance qui renforcent l’efficacité des TAO.
La transition vers des formes efficaces de gouvernance par le biais d’améliorations institutionnelles peut aider les institutions s’occupant des questions relatives à l’eau existantes dans le bassin, lesquelles sont soumises à une pression extrême en raison des défis posés par le changement climatique.
12 Saleth, R. M.; Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Ait El Mekki, A.; Brouziyne, Youssef. 2024. Changement climatique, options d’adaptation transformatrice, gouvernance polycentrique à échelles multiples et bien-être rural dans le bassin de la rivière Oum Er-Rbia, au Maroc: Cadre d’évaluation. In French. Dossier sur l’innovation. [Climate change, transformative adaptation options, multiscale polycentric governance, and rural welfare in Oum Er-Rbia River Basin, Morocco: evaluation framework]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Institut international de gestion de l’eau (IWMI). Initiative du CGIAR sur la résilience climatique. 8p. (Also in English)
Climate change ; Climate resilience ; Transformation ; Governance ; Rural welfare ; Policies ; Mathematical models ; Food production ; Public-private partnerships ; Water footprint / Morocco / Oum Er-Rbia River Basin / Beni Mellal-Khenifra
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052636)
(5.20 MB)
Ce dossier sur l’innovation présente une méthodologie quia été développée et appliquée empiriquement au Maroc dans le but de soutenir la « mise en oeuvre d’un cadre de gouvernance polycentrique à échelles multiples pour promouvoir des options d’adaptation transformatrice au changement climatique » dans le cadre de l’objectif global du Work Package #4 (WP4) de I’Initiative du CGIAR sur la résilience climatique (overarching goal of Work Package #4 (WP4) of the CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience), plus communément appelé ClimBeR. La mise en oeuvre empirique au Maroc souligne l’importance des aspects dynamiques de ce processus en rassemblant tous les éléments pertinents, à savoir le changement climatique, les options d’adaptation, la structure de gouvernance, le mécanisme de transmission de l’impact et le bien-être dans un cadre analytique unique pour évaluer la transmission des impacts du changement climatique sur le bien-être rural.
13 Attar, O.; Brouziyne, Youssef; Bouchaou, L.; El Bilali, A.; Ait Brahim, Y.; Chehbouni, A. 2024. Understanding the trade-offs between climate change-induced aridity and agricultural water demand in the Souss Basin, Morocco. Frontiers in Water, 6:1270078. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1270078]
Climate change ; Arid zones ; Agricultural water management ; Water demand ; Decision-support systems ; Water allocation ; Modelling / Morocco / Souss Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052704)
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/water/articles/10.3389/frwa.2024.1270078/pdf?isPublishedV2=false
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052704.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052704.pdf
(3.39 MB) (3.39 MB)
The concept of integrated water resource management requires an in-depth analysis of water inflows into a river basin. Population growth and the uncertainties associated with climate change are causing increased water stress and droughts, which are impacting agriculture. Hence the need for studies on the impact of climate change on demand-supply interactions in river basins. In this study, a generic decision support system, ModSim, was used; for the first time in the region; to examine the agricultural water usage and demands over Souss basin in Morocco. ModSim was calibrated over the period from 1990 to 2019 using recorded data about physical processes and hydraulic infrastructures features and management. The simulations succeeded in replicating different deficit episodes at the various irrigated perimeters. During the simulated period from 2012 to 2019, it was observed that the water supplies for the different dams in the basin experienced a decline ranging from 38% to 89%. As a result, the average total unmet demand for surface water from reservoirs in irrigated areas reached 201 mm3 between 1990 and 2019 and the monthly average demand increases by 55% in the dry season, compared to the demands in the rest of the year. The significant amount of unmet demand across all sites suggests that demands are satisfied by the withdrawal of water from groundwater resources. The adopted approach has proven to be a useful decision support tool to understand water resources planning challenges. Water managers require such reliable tools to represent the basin's water trade-offs. Thus, additional investigation to improve the representation of groundwater/surface water interaction approaches is required to enhance the evaluation of the consequences of different uses, especially in arid and semi-arid regions with significant water stress such as Souss. A conceptual framework as well as a detailed discussion have been produced in order to guide efficient water management and governance.
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