Your search found 2 records
1 Pandey, Vishnu Prasad; Sharma, Akriti; Dhaubanjar, Sanita; Bharati, Luna; Joshi, I. R. 2019. Climate shocks and responses in Karnali-Mahakali basins, western Nepal. Climate, 7(7):1-24. (Special issue: Social-Ecological Systems, Climate and Global Change Impacts) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cli7070092]
Climate change adaptation ; Risk analysis ; River basins ; Climatology ; Weather hazards ; Drought ; Rain ; Flooding ; Hailstorms ; Crop losses ; Strategies ; Mountains ; Households ; Animal diseases / Nepal / Karnali River Basin / Mahakali River Basin / Mohana River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049418)
(2.29 MB) (2.29 MB)
The Himalayas are highly susceptible to the impacts of climate change, as it consequently increases the vulnerability of downstream communities, livelihoods and ecosystems. Western Nepal currently holds significant potential as multiple opportunities for water development within the country are underway. However, it is also identified as one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change, with both an increase in the occurrence of natural disasters and exacerbated severity and impacts levels. Regional climate model (RCM) projections indicate warmer weather with higher variability in rainfall for this region. This paper combines bio-physical and social approaches to further study and understand the current climate shocks and responses present in Western Nepal. Data was collected from 3660 households across 122 primary sampling units across the Karnali, Mahakali and Mohana River basins along with focus group discussions, which provided a rich understanding of the currently perceived climatic shocks and related events. Further analysis of climatology was carried out through nine indices of precipitation and temperature that were found to be relevant to the discussed climate shocks. Results show that 79% of households reported experiencing at least one type of climate shock in the five-year period and the most common occurrence was droughts, which is also supported by the climate data. Disaggregated results show that perception varies with the region and among the basins. Analysis of climatic trends further show that irregular weather is most common in the hill region, although average reported frequency of irregular weather is higher in the mountain. Further analysis into the severity and response to climatic shocks suggest an imminent need for better adaptation strategies. This study’s results show that a vast majority of respondents lack proper access to knowledge and that successful adaptation strategies must be adapted to specific regions to meet communities’ local needs.
2 Aboah, J.; Apolloni, A.; Duboz, R.; Wieland, B.; Kotchofa, Pacem; Okoth, E.; Dione, M. 2023. Ex-ante impact of pest des petits ruminant control on micro and macro socioeconomic indicators in Senegal: a system dynamics modelling approach. PLoS ONE, 18(7):e0287386. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287386]
Animal diseases ; Pest of small ruminants ; Disease control ; Vaccination ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Indicators ; Impact assessment ; Subsidies ; Goats ; Sheep ; Modelling / Senegal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052100)
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0287386&type=printable
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052100.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052100.pdf
(4.98 MB) (4.98 MB)
Vaccination is considered as the main tool for the Global Control and Eradication Strategy for peste des petits ruminants (PPR), and the efficacity of the PPR-vaccine in conferring long-life immunity has been established. Despite this, previous studies asserted that vaccination can be expensive and consequently, the effectiveness of disease control may not necessarily translate to overall profit for farmers. Also, the consequences of PPR control on socioeconomic indicators like food and nutrition security at a macro-national level have not been explored thoroughly. Therefore, this study seeks to assess ex-ante the impact of PPR control strategies on farm-level profitability and the socioeconomic consequences concerning food and nutrition security at a national level in Senegal. A bi-level system dynamics model, compartmentalised into five modules consisting of integrated production-epidemiological, economics, disease control, marketing, and policy modules, was developed with the STELLA Architect software, validated, and simulated for 30 years at a weekly timestep. The model was parameterised with data from household surveys from pastoral areas in Northern Senegal and relevant existing data. Nine vaccination scenarios were examined considering different vaccination parameters (vaccination coverage, vaccine wastage, and the provision of government subsidies). The findings indicate that compared to a no-vaccination scenario, all the vaccination scenarios for both 26.5% (actual vaccination coverage) and 70% (expected vaccination coverage) resulted in statistically significant differences in the gross margin earnings and the potential per capita consumption for the supply of mutton and goat meat. At the prevailing vaccination coverage (with or without the provision of government subsidies), farm households will earn an average gross margin of $69.43 (annually) more than without vaccination, and the average per capita consumption for mutton and goat meat will increase by 1.13kg/person/year. When the vaccination coverage is increased to the prescribed threshold for PPR eradication (i.e., 70%), with or without the provision of government subsidies, the average gross margin earnings would be $72.23 annually and the per capita consumption will increase by 1.23kg/person/year compared to the baseline (without vaccination). This study’s findings offer an empirical justification for a sustainable approach to PPR eradication. The information on the socioeconomic benefits of vaccination can be promoted via sensitization campaigns to stimulate farmers’ uptake of the practice. This study can inform investment in PPR control.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
