Your search found 6 records
1 Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S.; Dickens, Chris. 2021. Approaches to water monitoring. In Filho, W. L.; Azul, A. M.; Brandli, L.; Salvia, A. L.; Wall, T. (Eds.). Clean water and sanitation. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. 11p. (Online first). (Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70061-8_96-1]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Approaches ; Assessment ; Water resources ; Rivers ; Lakes ; Groundwater ; Observation ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Indicators ; Citizen science
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050315)
(0.55 MB)
2 Taylor, J.; Graham, M.; Louw, A.; Lepheana, A.; Madikizela, B.; Dickens, Chris; Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S. 2022. Social change innovations, citizen science, miniSASS and the SDGs. Water Policy, 24(5):708-717. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.264]
Social change ; Innovation ; Citizen science ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Stakeholders ; Water quality ; Monitoring / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050675)
https://iwaponline.com/wp/article-pdf/24/5/708/1050904/024050708.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050675.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050675.pdf
(0.46 MB) (475 KB)
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) describe a course of action to address poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all (https://sdgs.un.org/goals). More specifically, SDG 6 clarifies how water quality, quantity and access are crucial to human well-being, and yet human activities are compromising water resources through over-exploitation, pollution, as well as contributing to the spread of disease. Globally aquatic ecosystems are highly threatened and concerted efforts by governments and civil society to ‘turn the situation around’ are simply not working. Human-created problems require human-centred solutions and these require different ways of thinking and acting to those behaviour patterns that are contributing to the challenges. In this paper, we first consider causal approaches to attitude change and behaviour modification that are simply not working as intended. We then explore enabling responses such as citizen science and co-engaged action learning as more tenable alternatives. SDG 6 has a focus on clean water and sanitation for all. The SDGs further clarify how the extent to which this goal can be realized depends, to a large extent, on stakeholder engagements and education. Through stakeholder engagements and educational processes, people can contribute towards SDG 6 and the specific indicator and target in SDG 6.b – Stakeholder participation. Following a three-year research process, that investigated a wide range of participatory tools, this paper explores how the Stream Assessment Scoring System (miniSASS; www.minisass.org) can enable members of the public to engage in water quality monitoring at a local level. The paper continues to demonstrate how miniSASS can contribute to the monitoring of progress towards Sustainable Development Goal Target 6.3, by providing a mechanism for data collection indicator 6.3.2. miniSASS is proving popular in southern Africa as a methodology for engaging stakeholder participation in water quality monitoring and management. The technique costs very little to implement and can be applied by children and scientists alike. As a biomonitoring approach, it is based on families of macroinvertebrates that are present in most perennial rivers of the world. The paper concludes by describing how useful the miniSASS technique can be for addressing data gaps for SDG 6.3.2 reporting, and that it can be applied in most regions of the world.
3 Mukuyu, Patience; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Tijani, M.; Nikiema, Josiane; Dickens, Chris; Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S. 2024. Country water quality profiles: towards developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ). Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 86p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2024.215]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Assessment ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Pollutants ; Policies ; Institutions ; Regulations ; Wastewater ; Laboratory techniques ; Testing ; Pathogens ; Nutrients ; Agricultural runoff ; Sediment ; Stakeholders / Africa / Egypt / Ghana / Kenya / Liberia / Malawi / Mauritania / Mauritius / Mozambique / Nigeria / Rwanda / Sierra Leone / Somalia / South Africa / South Sudan / United Republic of Tanzania / Tunisia / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052846)
(2.73 MB)
The African Ministers’ Council on Water (AMCOW) Secretariat committed to design and implement an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) in its Strategic Operational Plan (2020-2024) considering the guiding frameworks it uses such as the Africa Water Vision 2025, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. AMCOW reached out to the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to support the development of such a program.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This report is the last in the above list and contains the results of an AMCOW-IWMI Africa-wide survey that was conducted to gain a better understanding of the water quality situation of several countries in the region. The survey was conducted across Africa through the AMCOW network of African country representatives. Of the 54 AMCOW Member States, 31 responded to the survey offering their inputs on different water quality-related aspects. Water quality profiles of 17 of those countries are presented in this paper.
Each country profile contains a statistical summary of the water quality situation, a summary of the water pollution sources and impacts, the policies and institutions governing water quality, and some of the most important water monitoring and pollution control initiatives.
Although there are variations across countries in terms of the status of available capacity for water quality monitoring and management as well as pollution control, water pollution remains a critical challenge that provides an impetus for AWaQ.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This report is the last in the above list and contains the results of an AMCOW-IWMI Africa-wide survey that was conducted to gain a better understanding of the water quality situation of several countries in the region. The survey was conducted across Africa through the AMCOW network of African country representatives. Of the 54 AMCOW Member States, 31 responded to the survey offering their inputs on different water quality-related aspects. Water quality profiles of 17 of those countries are presented in this paper.
Each country profile contains a statistical summary of the water quality situation, a summary of the water pollution sources and impacts, the policies and institutions governing water quality, and some of the most important water monitoring and pollution control initiatives.
Although there are variations across countries in terms of the status of available capacity for water quality monitoring and management as well as pollution control, water pollution remains a critical challenge that provides an impetus for AWaQ.
4 Mukuyu, Patience; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Tijani, M.; Nikiema, Josiane; Dickens, Chris; Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S. 2024. State of water quality monitoring and pollution control in Africa: towards developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ). Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 44p. (IWMI Working Paper 207) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.216]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Assessment ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Mitigation ; Capacity development ; Training ; Laboratories ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Domestic wastes ; Industrial wastewater ; Agricultural pollution ; Groundwater ; Pollutants ; Water security ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Water, sanitation and hygiene ; Regulations ; Policies ; Frameworks ; Surveys / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052847)
(2.33 MB)
The African Ministers’ Council on Water (AMCOW) Secretariat committed to design and implement an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) in its Strategic Operational Plan (2020-2024) considering the guiding frameworks it uses such as the Africa Water Vision 2025, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. AMCOW reached out to the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to support the development of such a program.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the first from the above list and is a baseline assessment of the status of water quality monitoring and pollution control in Africa, including the capacities available across countries in the region. This assessment considers various past and ongoing initiatives related to water quality monitoring and management, capacity development, and water pollution control and impact mitigation.
Key findings of this paper highlight the following:
1. There is an encouraging availability of national water testing laboratory facilities across African countries. Nonetheless, there are weaknesses that require attention to ensure effectiveness and sustainability.
2. Regular and ongoing training is needed to keep up with laboratory testing methodologies. However, we observed a low trend in regular training, which does not augur well for keeping abreast of the best practices in water quality monitoring. In the context of emerging pollutants, training needs to be more regular than is currently experienced.
3. Water quality monitoring and management capacities are patchy. Capacities related to staff training, laboratory infrastructure and monitoring program activities need strengthening.
4. Pollution control mechanisms are facing challenges. Regulatory mechanisms and wastewater treatment technologies—the most widely deployed pollution control solutions—may benefit from more concerted investment, and the political will and financing to boost their effectiveness.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the first from the above list and is a baseline assessment of the status of water quality monitoring and pollution control in Africa, including the capacities available across countries in the region. This assessment considers various past and ongoing initiatives related to water quality monitoring and management, capacity development, and water pollution control and impact mitigation.
Key findings of this paper highlight the following:
1. There is an encouraging availability of national water testing laboratory facilities across African countries. Nonetheless, there are weaknesses that require attention to ensure effectiveness and sustainability.
2. Regular and ongoing training is needed to keep up with laboratory testing methodologies. However, we observed a low trend in regular training, which does not augur well for keeping abreast of the best practices in water quality monitoring. In the context of emerging pollutants, training needs to be more regular than is currently experienced.
3. Water quality monitoring and management capacities are patchy. Capacities related to staff training, laboratory infrastructure and monitoring program activities need strengthening.
4. Pollution control mechanisms are facing challenges. Regulatory mechanisms and wastewater treatment technologies—the most widely deployed pollution control solutions—may benefit from more concerted investment, and the political will and financing to boost their effectiveness.
5 Mukuyu, Patience; Warner, S.; Chapman, D. V.; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Dickens, Chris; Mateo-Sagasta, Javier. 2024. Innovations in water quality monitoring and management in Africa: towards developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ). Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 52p. (IWMI Working Paper 208) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.217]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Innovations ; Technology ; Policies ; Regulations ; Guidelines ; Standards ; Laboratory techniques ; Instrumentation ; Analytical methods ; Testing ; Water resources ; Catchment areas ; Transboundary waters ; Groundwater ; Contaminants ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Parameters ; Bio-assays ; Human health ; Awareness-raising ; Data management ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Nature-based solutions ; Intervention ; Community involvement ; Citizen science ; Capacity development ; Training ; Best practices ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Earth observation satellites ; Sensors / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052848)
(1.30 MB)
The African Ministers’ Council on Water (AMCOW) Secretariat committed to design and implement an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) in its Strategic Operational Plan (2020-2024) considering the guiding frameworks it uses such as the Africa Water Vision 2025, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. AMCOW reached out to the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to support the development of such a program.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the second in the above list and documents the greatest innovations in water quality monitoring and management in Africa, and proposes interventions to strengthen Africa’s current water quality monitoring and management efforts. Innovations related to monitoring program design, analytical techniques and instruments, deployment of instrumentation and approaches to water quality monitoring are presented together with their applicability and suitability for implementation in Africa. Similarly, water quality management interventions — policy and regulatory mechanisms, catchment-based management, data management and sharing, wastewater reuse and nature-based solutions, among others — are examined. The most suitable interventions are proposed for African contexts using criteria such as affordability, scalability and flexibility.
Key findings of this paper highlight the following:
1. There are numerous innovations within water quality monitoring and management. However, not all of them may be suitable for implementation in resource-constrained environments characteristic of many parts of Africa. For example, statistical analysis and modelling may require large amounts of existing monitoring data currently unavailable in most African countries. Nonetheless, other interventions such as the priority monitoring approach can be beneficial in optimizing resource utilization. Similarly, technological interventions such as multi-parameter sensors for basic water quality variables are now widely available and affordable in the provision of in situ results and lessening the need for laboratory analysis.
2. Available and existing traditional methods of water quality monitoring and management offer a good starting point to further strengthen and streamline efforts for increasing efficiency and effectiveness. Currently available laboratory facilities may benefit from instrumentation upgrades and continuous staff training.
3. There is scope for community and citizen engagement in the various processes of water resources monitoring and management. There is evidence that this enables success where governments do not have the monitoring capacity or adequate resources.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the second in the above list and documents the greatest innovations in water quality monitoring and management in Africa, and proposes interventions to strengthen Africa’s current water quality monitoring and management efforts. Innovations related to monitoring program design, analytical techniques and instruments, deployment of instrumentation and approaches to water quality monitoring are presented together with their applicability and suitability for implementation in Africa. Similarly, water quality management interventions — policy and regulatory mechanisms, catchment-based management, data management and sharing, wastewater reuse and nature-based solutions, among others — are examined. The most suitable interventions are proposed for African contexts using criteria such as affordability, scalability and flexibility.
Key findings of this paper highlight the following:
1. There are numerous innovations within water quality monitoring and management. However, not all of them may be suitable for implementation in resource-constrained environments characteristic of many parts of Africa. For example, statistical analysis and modelling may require large amounts of existing monitoring data currently unavailable in most African countries. Nonetheless, other interventions such as the priority monitoring approach can be beneficial in optimizing resource utilization. Similarly, technological interventions such as multi-parameter sensors for basic water quality variables are now widely available and affordable in the provision of in situ results and lessening the need for laboratory analysis.
2. Available and existing traditional methods of water quality monitoring and management offer a good starting point to further strengthen and streamline efforts for increasing efficiency and effectiveness. Currently available laboratory facilities may benefit from instrumentation upgrades and continuous staff training.
3. There is scope for community and citizen engagement in the various processes of water resources monitoring and management. There is evidence that this enables success where governments do not have the monitoring capacity or adequate resources.
6 Mukuyu, Patience; Dickens, Chris; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Tijani, M.; Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S. 2024. A framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ). Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 22p. (IWMI Working Paper 209) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2024.202]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Frameworks ; Coordination ; Collaboration ; Governance ; Data management ; Capacity development ; Assessment ; Policies ; Implementation ; Strategies ; Integrated water resources management ; Innovations ; Indicators ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Water pollution ; Financing ; Stakeholders ; Organizations ; Training ; Transboundary waters ; Ecosystems ; Earth observation satellites ; Citizen science / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: pendingH052849)
(1.33 MB)
The African Ministers’ Council on Water (AMCOW) Secretariat committed to design and implement an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) in its Strategic Operational Plan (2020-2024) considering the guiding frameworks is uses such as the Africa Water Vision 2025, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. AMCOW reached out to the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to support the development of such a program.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the third in the above list and is the culmination of the development of AWaQ. It provides a foundational structure for developing a framework for AWaQ and is guided by the three principles of state custodianship, co-development, and coordination and collaboration. It has been proposed that AMCOW Member States will retain their sovereignty and become custodians of the data and information generated as part of AWaQ, and will be closely involved in the development of program activities. Further, AWaQ entails coordination and collaboration between regional, global and transboundary institutions and initiatives involved in water quality monitoring, assessment and management.
The framework for AWaQ rests on the following four core components which were developed based on stakeholder consultations and literature studies:
1. Governance
2. Water quality monitoring
3. Data management
4. Capacity building
AWaQ will aim to deliver within each of these core components. The governance component of AWaQ will build on already existing country governance structures and regulatory provisions through management approaches such as Integrated Water Resources Management and Catchment-based Water Management, with the aim of achieving the goal of improved water quality. The water quality monitoring component will aim to encourage countries to collect basic water quality data to support regional and global indicators. The data management component will make use of decentralized national platforms, where countries submit only final national assessments to AMCOW for reporting and planning while retaining the raw data on their own databases. Lastly, the capacity building component would be coordinated through AMCOW to deliver standardized and tailor-made training to Member States with support from global donors.
Development of this framework needs to be followed by a strategic implementation plan that would provide a road map for implementing AWaQ. The strategic implementation plan would involve a series of steps, including stakeholder mapping, clarified roles and responsibilities, budgets, key indicators and associated monitoring programs, and overall coordination and reporting mechanisms. Specific activities under each core component of the framework need to be designed to meet the objectives of AWaQ. This paper only goes as far as providing the overall framework for AWaQ.
AWaQ builds on the rich experiences and lessons learned from past and ongoing regional and subregional water quality initiatives across Africa by different players, including African Union institutions, and the wider members of the World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), as well as the AMCOW African Water and Sanitation Sector Monitoring and Reporting System (WASSMO).
The five phases of developing an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) are explained in the following papers:
1. State of Water Quality Monitoring and Pollution Control in Africa (phase 1-2)
2. Innovations in Water Quality Monitoring and Management in Africa (phase 3-4)
3. A Framework for an African Water Quality Program (AWaQ) (phase 5)
4. Country Water Quality Profiles
This paper is the third in the above list and is the culmination of the development of AWaQ. It provides a foundational structure for developing a framework for AWaQ and is guided by the three principles of state custodianship, co-development, and coordination and collaboration. It has been proposed that AMCOW Member States will retain their sovereignty and become custodians of the data and information generated as part of AWaQ, and will be closely involved in the development of program activities. Further, AWaQ entails coordination and collaboration between regional, global and transboundary institutions and initiatives involved in water quality monitoring, assessment and management.
The framework for AWaQ rests on the following four core components which were developed based on stakeholder consultations and literature studies:
1. Governance
2. Water quality monitoring
3. Data management
4. Capacity building
AWaQ will aim to deliver within each of these core components. The governance component of AWaQ will build on already existing country governance structures and regulatory provisions through management approaches such as Integrated Water Resources Management and Catchment-based Water Management, with the aim of achieving the goal of improved water quality. The water quality monitoring component will aim to encourage countries to collect basic water quality data to support regional and global indicators. The data management component will make use of decentralized national platforms, where countries submit only final national assessments to AMCOW for reporting and planning while retaining the raw data on their own databases. Lastly, the capacity building component would be coordinated through AMCOW to deliver standardized and tailor-made training to Member States with support from global donors.
Development of this framework needs to be followed by a strategic implementation plan that would provide a road map for implementing AWaQ. The strategic implementation plan would involve a series of steps, including stakeholder mapping, clarified roles and responsibilities, budgets, key indicators and associated monitoring programs, and overall coordination and reporting mechanisms. Specific activities under each core component of the framework need to be designed to meet the objectives of AWaQ. This paper only goes as far as providing the overall framework for AWaQ.
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