Your search found 37 records
1 Cofie, Olufunke; Pleysier, J. 2004. Ion exchange involving calcium-potasium (Ca-K) and calcium-magnesium (Ca-Mg) in soil and organic matter fractions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 35(17-18):2417-2431.
Ion exchange ; Soil properties ; Soil organic matter ; Clay ; Fractionation ; Calcium ; Magnesium ; Potassium / Nigeria
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.4 G000 COF Record No: H035917)
The chemical characteristics of two soil types, an Alfisol and an Ultisol, were studied in the humid tropical zone of southern Nigeria. The objective was to investigate the contribution of soil organic matter (SOM) to nutrient retention characteristics and identify those SOM pools that contribute most to the ion exchange properties of the soils. Ion exchange studies involving K-Ca and Mg-Ca systems in whole soil, organic fraction (53-250 mm) and clay fraction (<2 mm ) showed a preference for Ca relative to K in the soil and organic fraction. For the clay fraction in Alfisol, the isotherm in K-Ca system suggested a preference for K at low K saturation, but from about 50% K saturation, the isotherm inferred a preference for Ca. However, the overall selectivity at constant temperature and pressure as expressed by Gibb’s free energy change suggested a stronger binding of K than Ca by the fraction.
2 Chaplot, V.; Podwojewski, P.; Phachomphon, K.; Valentin, Christian. 2009. Soil erosion impact on soil organic carbon spatial variability on steep tropical slopes. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 73(3):769-779.
Erosion ; Sloping land ; Shifting cultivation ; Soil organic matter ; Sampling ; Environmental effects ; Land management / Laos
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042066)
(1.19 MB)
3 Jouquet, Pascal; Zangerle, A.; Rumpel, C.; Brunet, D.; Bottinelli, N.; Toan, Tran Duc. 2009. Relevance of the biogenic and physicogenic classification: a comparison of approaches to discriminate the origin of soil aggregates. European Journal of Soil Science, 60:1117-1125. [doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2009.01168.x]
Soil analysis ; Biogenic amines ; Earthworms ; Soil structural units ; Soil organic matter ; Nutrient cycling in ecosystems ; Soil structure
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042643)
(0.84 MB)
Although freshly formed or unaltered biogenic aggregates are easily recognized, identifying the origin of aggregates altered by physical and biological processes remains empirical and prone to error. The aim of this study was to distinguish between biogenic (BIO) and physicogenic (PHYS) aggregates in various states of fragmentation or size classes using visual, physical and chemical characteristics. Casts produced by Amynthas khami (BIO) and surrounding soil aggregates without visible biological activity (PHYS) were left to disaggregate by natural rainfall events and then separated into five size classes of >10, 10–5, 5–2, 2–0.5 and <0.5 mm. We then analysed aggregate morphology, elemental and stable isotope composition and soil stability, and used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to determine their chemical characteristics. Although visual assessment is the method most commonly used in the field to distinguish between BIO and PHYS, our study found that the results obtained were always prone to error and that the classification was arbitrary for BIO and PHYS aggregates smaller than 5 and 2 mm in size, respectively. Soil structural stability was only useful for identifying BIO aggregates larger than 2 mm. While C content and d13C in BIO were always different from PHYS, regardless of soil aggregate size, N content and d15N were similar. NIRS was the most effective method because it clearly discriminated soil aggregates on the basis of size and origin. The NIRS characteristics of BIO were also more uniform than those of PHYS, suggesting that BIO aggregates have a simpler organization and as a consequence more homogeneous ecological functions. Thus, our findings suggest that information may be lost when only the physical aspect of aggregates is used to quantify the activity of ecosystem engineers in soil. After fragmentation, BIO aggregates become hidden and although it may be impossible to distinguish them visually from PHYS aggregates they retain some of their specific chemical characteristics.
4 Hong, Hanh Nguyen; Rumpel, C.; Henry des Tureaux, Thierry; Bardoux, G.; Billou, D.; Toan, Tran Duc; Jouquet, Pascal. 2011. How do earthworms influence organic matter quantity and quality in tropical soils? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43(2):223-230. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.033]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043453)
(0.75 MB)
Earthworms are important regulators of soil structure and soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics; however, quantifying their influence on SOM cycling in tropical ecosystems remains little studied. Simulated rainfall was used to disrupt casts produced by Amynthas khami and their surrounding soil (control) into a range of small sized aggregates (50e250, 250e500, 500e2000 and 2000e5000 mm). To gain insight into how earthworms influence SOM biogeochemical composition in the aggregates, we carried out elemental and stable isotope analysis, and analytical pyrolysis (Py GC/MS). We also characterized their lignin component after oxidation with cupric oxide (CuO).The C content of smaller size fractions (<500 mm) in the control soil was higher than in the larger fractions. Our study therefore suggests that the aggregate hierarchy concept, which is used to understand soil aggregates and SOM dynamics in temperate soils, may not be applicable to the tropical Acrisol studied here. Earthworms modified SOM organization in soil aggregates. Although the isotope analyses were useful for highlighting SOM enrichment in the earthworm casts, aggregate fractions could not be classified according to particle size. Molecular analyses were necessary to indicate that SOM in all size fractions of casts consisted of relatively undecomposed material. Protection of the most labile SOM structures occurred in the smallest aggregate size fraction (50e250 mm). Py GC/MS showed that earthworm casts and control aggregates <2000 mm could be clearly distinguished according to the molecular properties of their SOM. Aggregates larger than 2000 mm, however, were most probably composed of all fractions and were not different. As a consequence, our results indicate that studies to determine the impact of earthworms on SOM turnover in soil are spatially dependant on the scale of observation.
5 Luthin, J. N. (Ed.) 1957. Drainage of agricultural lands. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy. 620p.
Agricultural land ; Drainage ; Surface drainage ; Soil water ; Soil moisture ; Soil water content ; Soil organic matter ; Soil permeability ; Water table ; Irrigation water ; Hygroscopicity ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Wells ; Pumping ; Engineering ; Crops
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.62 G000 LUT Record No: H043948)
(0.09 MB)
6 Pathak, H.; Byjesh, K.; Chakrabarti, B.; Aggarwal, P. K. 2011. Potential and cost of carbon sequestration in Indian agriculture: estimates from long-term field experiments. Field Crops Research, 120(1):102-111. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.09.006]
Agriculture ; Crop management ; Yields ; Carbon sequestration ; Economic aspects ; Cost benefit analysis ; Soil organic matter ; Nutrient management / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044602)
(0.47 MB)
Carbon sequestration in tropical soils has potential for mitigating global warming and increasing agricultural productivity. We analyzed 26 long-term experiments (LTEs) in different agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of India to assess the potential and cost of C sequestration. Data on initial and final soil organic C (SOC) concentration in the recommended N, P and K (NPK); recommended N, P and K plus farmyard manure (NPK + FYM) and unfertilized (control) treatments were used to calculate carbon sequestration potential (CSP) i.e., capacity to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) by increasing SOC stock, under different nutrient management scenarios. In most of the LTEs wheat equivalent yields were higher in the NPK+FYM treatment than the NPK treatment. However, partial factor productivity (PFP) was more with the NPK treatment. Average SOC concentration of the control treatment was 0.54%, which increased to 0.65% in the NPK treatment and 0.82% in the NPK+FYM treatment. Compared to the control treatment the NPK+FYM treatment sequestered 0.33MgC ha-1 yr-1 whereas the NPK treatment sequestered 0.16MgC ha-1 yr-1. The CSP in different nutrient management scenarios ranged from 2.1 to 4.8MgC ha-1 during the study period (average 16.9 yr) of the LTEs. In 17 out of 26 LTEs, the NPK+FYM treatment had higher SOC and also higher net return than that of the NPK treatment. In the remaining 9 LTEs SOC sequestration in the NPK+FYM treatment was accomplished with decreased net return suggesting that these are economically not attractive and farmers have to incur into additional cost to achieve C sequestration. The feasibility of SOC sequestration in terms of availability of FYM and other organic sources has been discussed in the paper.
7 Lemenih, Mulugeta; Karltun, E.; Tolera, M. 2012. Crop yield and soil organic matter effects of four years of soil management interventions in Arsi Negele, South Central Ethiopia. In Lemenih, Mulugeta; Agegnehu, G.; Amde, Tilahun. (Eds.). 2012. Natural resources management for climate change adaptation: proceedings of the 12th Ethiopian Society of Soil Science (ESSS) Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 17-18 March 2011. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Society of Soil Science (ESSS). pp.97-107.
Crop yield ; Soil management ; Soil organic matter ; Soil degradation ; Composts ; Carbon sequestration / South Central Ethiopia / Arsi Negele District / Beseku Village
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045066)
(3.79 MB)
8 Mekuria, Wolde. 2013. Conversion of communal grazing lands into exclosures restored soil properties in the semi-arid lowlands of northern Ethiopia. Arid Land Research and Management, 27(2):153-166. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2012.721858]
Grazing lands ; Common lands ; Soil properties ; Soil organic matter ; Soil sampling ; Soil conservation ; Lowland ; Vegetation ; Biomass ; Climate change / Northern Ethiopia / Raya-azebo District / Alemata District / Tanqua-abergele District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045710)
(0.41 MB)
In the semi-arid tropics, communal grazing lands provide a livelihood for millions of people.However, it is highly threatened by overgrazing and continuous land degradation and, as a result, proper management is important to improve the livelihood of the people. This study investigated the effectiveness of exclosures established on communal grazing lands to restore soil properties and identified the relationship among soil properties, site and vegetation characteristics, and exclosure age. A space-for-time substitution approach to detect changes in soil properties following the establishment of exclosures on communal grazing lands was used. Replicated (n¼3) 5-, 10-, and 15-year-old exclosures were selected and paired, each exclosure with an adjacent communal grazing land. All exclosures showed higher soil organic matter (OM), total soil nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) than the adjacent grazing lands. The increases in soil properties between exclosures and grazing lands in the 0- to 0.2-m depth varied between 58 and 101% for OM, from 54 to 108% for N, from 26 to 128% for P, and from 18 to 28% for CEC over the grazing lands. Soil properties in exclosures and grazing lands showed significant (p<0.05) correlations with biomass and vegetation cover indicating that vegetation restoration is a key to restore degraded soils through exclosure establishment. Establishing exclosures on communal grazing lands can be effective in restoring the degraded soils in the semi-arid lowlands of Ethiopia. However, further studies are required on the ecological and economic benefits of future exclosures, as expansion of exclosure could cause grazing pressure on the remaining communal grazing lands.
9 Kotze, D. 2013. Assessing the ecological sustainability of wetland cultivation: experiences from Zambia and Malawi. In Wood, A.; Dixon, A.; McCartney, Matthew. (Eds.). Wetland management and sustainable livelihoods in Africa. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.138-159.
Wetlands ; Ecological factors ; Ecosystems ; Hydrology ; Land cover ; Erosion ; Soil organic matter ; Cultivation ; Vegetation / Zambia / Malawi / Chikakala / Katema
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H045889)
10 Duiker, S. W. 2011. Effect of land use and soil management on soil properties and processes. In Shukla, M. K. (Ed.) Soil hydrology, land use and agriculture: measurement and modelling. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.291-311.
Land use ; Soil management ; Soil properties ; Water erosion ; Conservation tillage ; Soil organic matter ; Carbon ; Sediment ; Soil structure ; Infiltration ; Crop production
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H045785)
11 Bastola, S.; Kumar, S.; Murphy, C.; Sweeney, J. 2011. Climate change and soil hydrology: European perspectives. In Shukla, M. K. (Ed.) Soil hydrology, land use and agriculture: measurement and modelling. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.350-365.
Climate change ; Soil moisture ; Soil organic matter ; Hydrology ; Erosion ; Land use ; Greenhouse gases ; Emission ; Sediment ; Models ; Rain / Europe / Ireland
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H045788)
12 Mekuria, Wolde. 2013. Changes in regulating ecosystem services following establishing exclosures on communal grazing lands in Ethiopia: a synthesis. Journal of Ecosystems, 2013:12p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/860736]
Ecosystems ; Grazing lands ; Highlands ; Land management ; Land use ; Vegetation ; Soil fertility ; Soil organic matter ; Carbon ; Soil properties ; Statistical analysis / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045917)
(1.76 MB) (1.76MB)
In four separate studies undertaken in the northern highlands of Ethiopia, changes in regulating ecosystem services, economic viability, and the perception of local communities following establishing exclosures on communal grazing lands were investigated. Replicated ( = 3) 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-year-old exclosures were selected and paired each exclosure with an adjacent grazing land. All exclosures displayed higher ecosystem services than communal grazing lands. Differences between exclosures and grazing lands varied between 29 (±4.9) and 61 (±6.7)Mg C ha-1 for ecosystem carbon stock (ECS), 2.4 (±0.6) and 6.9 (±1.8)Mgha-1 for total soil N stock, and 17 (±3) to 39 (±7) Kg ha-1 for the available P stock, and all differences increased with exclosure duration. Differences in plant species richness and biomass between an exclosure age and communal grazing land were higher in oldest than in youngest exclosures. Over a period of 30 years, sequestered carbon dioxide was 246Mgha-1, total soil nitrogen increased by 7.9Mgha-1, and additional available phosphorous stocks amounted to 40 kg ha-1. The Net Present Value of exclosures ecosystem services under consideration was about 28% (837US$) higher than alternative wheat production indicating that exclosures are competitive to alternative land uses. There are substantial opportunities to mobilize the local communities in efforts to establish exclosures, given that more than 75% had a positive view on exclosures effectiveness to restore degraded ecosystems. Establishing exclosures on communal grazing lands can be effective for restoring degraded ecosystems and the services that they provide.
13 Mekuria, Wolde; Noble, Andrew; Sengtaheuanghoung, O.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Bossio, D.; Sipaseuth, N.; McCartney, Matthew; Langan, Simon. 2014. Organic and clay-based soil amendments increase maize yield, total nutrient uptake, and soil properties in Lao PDR. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 38:936-961. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2014.917144]
Soil amendments ; Soil properties ; soil organic matter ; Maize ; Rice husks ; Clay ; Nutrients ; Food security ; Food production ; Agricultural production ; Smallholders ; Bentonite ; Composts ; Biomass ; Land degradation / Lao People's Democratic Republic / Veunkham / Naphok
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046584)
(0.29 MB)
In the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), increasing food security remains a challenge since smallholder agricultural systems, which are the main source of food production, are under serious threat due to poor soil fertility and climate variability. This study was undertaken in Lao PDR to investigate the impacts of organic and clay-based soil amendments on maize yield, total nutrient uptake, and soil properties. Structured field experiments were established over two consecutive years (2011 and 2012) with maize as the test crop at the Veunkham and Naphok sites. Ten treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were control, rice husk biochar (applied at a rate of 10 t ha-1), bentonite clay (10 t ha-1), compost (4 t ha-1), clay-manure compost (10 t ha-1), rice husk biochar compost (10 t ha-1), and their combinations. All treatments were applied in 2011. Significant (p < 0.05) treatment effects in maize grain yields, total nutrient uptake, and soil properties were observed. At Veunkham, differences between the control and amended soils in yield ranged from 0.9 to 3.3 t ha-1 in 2011 and from 0.2 to 1.3 t ha-1 in 2012, whereas differences at Naphok varied between 0.2 and 2.2 t ha-1 in 2011 and from 0.2 to 1.7 t ha-1 in 2012. At both sites, in most of the treatments, yields in 2012 were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than 2011; this was attributed to a late season drought. Differences between the control and amended soils in yield can be attributed to the improvements in total N and P uptake, soil pH, exchangeable Ca++ and Mg++, and cation-exchange capacity following the application of soil amendments. The results of this study confirm that the soil amendments under consideration can be effective in improving agricultural productivity, while improving key soil properties indicating that soil amendments could be an option for intensification of agricultural productivity.
14 International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Thailand. Land Development Department (LDD); International Water Management Institute (IWMI); FAO. Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (FAO RAP); Khon Kaen University. Faculty of Agriculture. 2005. Management of tropical sandy soils for sustainable agriculture: a holistic approach for sustainable development of problem soils in the tropics. Proceedings of the First Symposium on Management of Tropical Sandy Soils for Sustainable Ariculture, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 27 November – 2 December 2005. Bangkok, Thailand: FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (FAO RAP). 524p.
Soil management ; Sandy soils ; Tropical soils ; Semiarid soils ; Sustainable agriculture ; Poverty ; Food production ; Soil chemicophysical properties ; Planting ; Eucalyptus ; Savannas ; Groundnuts ; Rain ; Farmers ; Farming systems ; Irrigation methods ; Livestock ; Socioeconomic environment ; Clay minerals ; Fertilizers ; Paddy fields ; Water erosion ; Wind erosion ; Case studies ; Hydraulics ; Soil organic matter ; Agroecosystems ; Farm ponds ; Watersheds ; Coastal area ; Infiltration water / Asia / Southern Africa / Eastern Africa / Latin America / Sahel / Northern Burkina Faso / South Africa / West Africa / Cambodia / Vietnam / China / Australia / Malawi / Niger / Guam / Northeast Thailand / Southern Brazil / Ecuador / Hainan / Bình Thuan / Thua Thien Hue / Zululand / Mangodara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 630 G000 INT Record No: H046693)
(16.90 MB) (16.9 MB)
15 Mekuria, Wolde; Langan, Simon; Noble, Andrew; Johnston, Robyn. 2014. Soil organic carbon and nutrient contents are not influenced by exclosures established in communal grazing land in Nile Basin, northern Ethiopia. In Rahman, A.; Ahmadi, R. (Eds.) International Institute of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (IICBEE) International Conference on Advances in Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Sciences (AABES), Dubai, UAE, 15-16 October 2014. Punjab, India: International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering (IICBEE) pp.16-21. [doi: https://doi.org/10.15242/IICBE.C1014045]
Grazing lands ; Common lands ; Land degradation ; Soil properties ; Soil fertility ; Soil organic matter ; Carbon ; Ecosystem services ; Watersheds / Northern Ethiopia / Gomit Watershed / Nile Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046769)
(0.73 MB) (748 KB)
Land degradation through extensification of agriculture and overgrazing is an increasing problem across large expanses of the Ethiopian highlands that give rise to a loss in a range of ecosystem services. Ecological restoration through exclosure establishment has become increasingly important approach to reversing degraded ecosystems in Ethiopia and particularly in the Amhara regional state, northern Ethiopia. The present study was conducted in Nile basin, northern Ethiopia to investigate the changes in soil properties and nutrient contents following establishing exclosures on communal grazing lands. A space-for-time substitution approach to monitor changes in soil properties after conversion of communal grazing lands to exclosures with ages of establishment ranging from 1 to 7-years was used. In the 0- to 20- and 20- to 50-cm depths, significant (p < 0.05) differences in soil pH, exchangeable cations, cation exchange capacity, soil moisture content, and bulk density were observed among exclosures and between exclosures and communal grazing land. Communal grazing land displayed significantly higher soil total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compared to exclosures. However, differences between exclosures and grazing land in soil organic matter (SOM) content and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock were not significant (p > 0.05). The results demonstrated that exclosure age influenced SOM content and SOC stock. The lack of influence in soil nutrient and SOM contents as well as SOC stock after 7-year of exclosure establishment could be attributed to: (a) the favorable environment (e.g., better moisture content and soil pH) in exclosures, which results in increased SOM decomposition, and (b) better vegetation growth in exclosures, which consequently reduce soil nutrient content due to higher nutrient uptake by restored plants. Exclosures alone therefore cannot be regarded as a comprehensive short- or medium-term soil rehabilitation option.
16 Schmitter, Petra; Zwart, S. J.; Danvi, A.; Gbaguidi, F. 2015. Contributions of lateral flow and groundwater to the spatio-temporal variation of irrigated rice yields and water productivity in a West-African inland valley. Agricultural Water Management, 152:286-298. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.01.014]
Groundwater ; Water table ; Flow discharge ; Spatial distribution ; Irrigation ; Rice ; Water productivity ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water balance ; Inland waters ; Valleys ; Crop performance ; Fertilizer application ; Soil organic matter / West Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046882)
Water management techniques to elevate rice yields and productive use of water resources in Africa, frequently lack a substantial spatial assessment as they are often based on plot level measurements without taking into account toposequential effects present in the landscape. These effects have been shown to significantly affect spatio-temporal variations in water availability and rice productivity in Asia. Therefore, this study addresses the spatio-temporal variations of the various water components within irrigated toposequences in an African inland valley and assesses its effect on water productivity and respective rice yields for two irrigation practices: (i) continuous flooding (CF), a well-known water management practice in rice cultivation used worldwide and (ii) a reduced irrigation scheme (RI) where irrigation is applied every 5 days resulting in a 1–2 cm water layer after irrigation. The lateral flow observed in the inland valley had a strong two-dimensional character, contributing to water gains between fields, located at the same toposequential level as well as along toposequences. The toposequential effect on sub-surface hydrological processes masked the overall effect of water management treatment on rice production. Additionally, the associated water productivity (WP) was not found to differ significantly between the treatments when standard calculations (i.e. net irrigation and evapotranspiration) were used but a clear toposequential effect was found for the fertilized lower lying fields when the net irrigation was corrected by the lateral flow component. Results of the established mixed regression model indicated that based on the groundwater table, rainfall and standard soil physico-chemical characteristics rice yields can be predicted in these African inland valleys under continuous flooding and reduced irrigation practices. Validation of the established regression function of inland valleys, representing various groundwater tables in the region, could lead to improved regression functions suitable to estimate spatial variation in rice production and water consumption across scales as affected by water management, fertilizer application and groundwater tables.
17 Mekuria, Wolde; Noble, Andrew; McCartney, Matthew; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Douangsavanh, Somphasith; Langan, Simon. 2015. Soil management for raising crop water productivity in rainfed production systems in Lao PDR. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 62(1):53-68. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2015.1037297]
Soil management ; Soil amendments ; Soil organic matter ; Clay soils ; Crop production ; Water productivity ; Rainfed farming ; Climate change ; Evapotranspiration ; Land degradation ; Maize ; Biofuels ; Acidity / Lao People's Democratic Republic
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046994)
(0.26 MB)
This study investigated the impacts of organic- and clay-based soil amendments, and their combinations on crop water productivity (CWP) using maize as a test crop. On-station field trials were established over two consecutive years at the Naphok and Veunkham sites in Laos. At each site, 10 treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were control, rice husk biochar (10 t ha-1), bentonite clay (10 t ha-1), compost (4 t ha-1), clay-manure compost (10 t ha-1), rice husk biochar compost (10 t ha-1), bentonite clay + biochar, bentoniteclay + compost, biochar + compost, and bentonite clay + biochar + compost. All treatments were applied in 2011. Significant (p < 0.05) treatment effects in CWP and growing period evapotranspiration were determined. At Naphok, differences between the amended and control plots in CWP varied between 0.1 and 0.6 kg m-3 in 2011 and from 0.1 to 0.4 kg m-3 in 2012, whereas differences at Veunkham varied between 0.3 and 1.0 kg m-3 in 2011 and from 0.05 to 0.29 kg m-3 in 2012. At both sites, CWP in 2012 was significantly lower than 2011. Our results illustrate that organic- and claybased soil amendments improve CWP, indicating that soil-based interventions could be suitable options for improving agricultural productivity.
18 Ran, Y.; Lannerstad, M.; Barron, Jennie; Fraval, S.; Paul, B.; Notenbaert, A.; Mugatha, S.; Herrero, M. 2015. A review of environmental impact assessment frameworks for livestock production systems. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). 56p. (SEI Project Report 2015-03)
Environmental impact assessment ; Indicators ; Livestock production ; Greenhouse gases ; Emission ; Energy consumption ; Biodiversity ; Land use ; Soil organic matter ; Nutrients ; Farmers ; Waste management
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046998)
http://sei-international.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/CLEANED/sei-pr-2015-03-ran-cleaned-1411l.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046998.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046998.pdf
(2.86 MB) (2.86 MB)
19 Lal, R.; Lorenz, K.; Huttl, R. F.; Schneider, B. U.; von Braun, J. (Eds.) 2013. Ecosystem services and carbon sequestration in the biosphere. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. 464p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6455-2]
Ecosystem services ; Carbon sequestration ; Carbon cycle ; Conservation ; Net primary production ; Soil management ; Biofuels ; Soil organic matter ; Biodiversity ; Water security ; Surface water ; Soil genesis ; Soil fertility ; Forests ; Timber production ; Food security ; Pest control ; Plant diseases ; Regulations ; Natural disasters ; Environmental degradation ; Land degradation / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.72 G000 LAL Record No: H047167)
(0.34 MB)
20 Feger, K-H.; Hawtree, D. 2013. Soil carbon and water security. In Lal, R.; Lorenz, K.; Huttl, R. F.; Schneider, B. U.; von Braun, J. (Eds.). Ecosystem services and carbon sequestration in the biosphere. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.79-99.
Soil organic matter ; Organic carbon ; Water security ; Ecosystem services ; Hydrological cycle ; Soil properties ; Soil degradation ; Land use ; Plant soil relations ; Wildfires ; Environmental effects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.72 G000 LAL Record No: H047168)
(1.41 MB)
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