Your search found 17 records
1 Keatinge, J. D. H.; Waliyar, F.; Jamnadas, R. H.; Moustafa, A.; Andrade, M.; Drechsel, Pay; Hughes, J. d’A.; Kardirvel, P.; Luther, K. 2010. Relearning old lessons for the future of food - by bread alone no longer: diversifying diets with fruit and vegetables. Crop Science, 50:S-51-S-62. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.09.0528]
Malnutrition ; Human nutrition ; Diets ; Vegetables ; Fruits ; Pest management ; Cropping systems ; Climate ; Adaptation ; Marketing ; Pollutants ; Health hazards
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042650)
http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/Supplement_1/S-51
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042650.mht
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042650.mht
(0.86 MB)
Diversifying diets and agricultural enterprises with fruit and vegetables is a potent weapon in the current global battle against malnutrition and poverty. Agricultural science can contribute substantially to enhance the development prospects and health of not only disadvantaged and vulnerable individuals at one end of the spectrum but also the growth and equity of national economies at the other. Moreover, with relatively simple applied research, new crop species and technologies can rapidly enter the development pathway to benefit even the poorest people or nations. More upstream research can help to guard fruit and vegetable production against the vagaries of potential climatic uncertainty, which is projected to become more prominent over future decades. However, historical and continuing widespread underinvestment in fruit and vegetable research and development from the national to the global level may severely compromise the world’s ability to use such highvalue species for crop diversification and as a major engine of development growth to ensure global food and nutritional security.
2 Gurib-Fakim, A.; Smith, L.; Acikgoz, N.; Avato, P.; Bossio, Deborah; Ebi, K.; Goncalves, A.; Heinemann, J. A.; Herrmann, T. M.; Padgham, J.; Pennarz, J.; Scheidegger, U.; Sebastian, L.; Taboada, M.; Viglizzo, E. 2009. Options to enhance the impact of AKST on development and sustainability goals. In McIntyre, B. D.; Herren, H. R.; Wakhungu, J.; Watson, R. T. (Eds.). International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD): Agriculture at a Crossroads, global report. Washington, DC, USA: Island Press. pp.377-440.
Farming systems ; Productivity ; Livestock ; Fisheries ; Habitats ; Forestry ; Agroforestry ; Water resources ; Pest management ; Public health ; Climate change ; Biofuels
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042792)
(1.14 MB)
3 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2010. Challenges for agricultural research. Paris Cedex, France: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 302p.
Agricultural research ; Water demand ; Food production ; Soil degradation ; Biodiversity ; Plant protection ; Pest management ; Plant breeding ; Aquaculture ; Mycotoxins ; Food safety ; Animal products ; Animal biotechnology ; Plant biotechnology ; Risk assessment ; Treaties ; Biofuels
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043592)
(5.15 MB)
4 Teng, P. S.; Kropff, M. J.; ten Berge, H. F. M.; Dent, J. B.; Lansigan, F. P.; van Laar, H. H. (Eds.) 1997. Applications of systems approaches at the farm and regional levels: proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Systems Approaches for Agricultural Development, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Banos, Philippines, 6-8 December 1995. Vol 1. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer. 468p. (Systems Approaches for Sustainable Agricultural Development 5)
Agricultural development ; Agricultural production ; Erosion ; Simulation models ; Farming systems ; Agroforestry ; Farm management ; Farmer participation ; Land use ; Policy ; Supply balance ; Economic aspects ; Households ; Risks ; Pest management ; Yields ; Crop production ; Cereals ; Food production ; Food security ; Consumption ; Rice ; Agroecosystems ; Analytical methods ; Grazing systems ; Cattle ; Decision support systems ; Agricultural research ; Research methods ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Water management ; Irrigated sites ; Runoff ; Water distribution ; Case studies ; Watershed management ; Information system / Asia / Nepal / USA / Brazil / Kenya / Indonesia / Portugal / Vietnam / Egypt / Kakamega District / Mekong Delta / Caledonia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 630.7 G000 LAN Record No: H043851)
(0.09 MB)
5 Sri Lanka. Department of Agriculture (DOA); Sri Lanka Council for Agricultural Research Policy (SLCARP); Disaster Management Centre (DMC); United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2011. Practitioners’ guide book on the best agricultural practices for drought and floods in Sri Lanka [Guide book development team includes B.R. Ariyaratne of IWMI]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Department of Agriculture (DOA). 281p. (Also in Sinhalese and Tamil).
Agriculture ; Climate change ; Natural disasters ; Risks ; Rain ; Drought ; Flooding ; Soils ; Soil moisture ; Crop management ; Cropping systems ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming ; Field preparation ; Rice ; Land management ; Land use ; Erosion ; Watershed management ; Water management ; Water users ; Decision making ; Biodiversity ; Agroecology ; Living standards ; Arid zones ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation systems ; Wells ; Farmers ; Guidelines ; Pest management ; Fungal diseases / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: CD col Record No: H046082)
(90.06 MB) (89.94MB)
6 Sri Lanka. Department of Agriculture (DOA); Sri Lanka Council for Agricultural Research Policy (SLCARP); Disaster Management Centre (DMC); United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2011. Practitioners’ guide book on the best agricultural practices for drought and floods in Sri Lanka. In Sinhalese. [Guide book development team includes B.R. Ariyaratne of IWMI]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Department of Agriculture (DOA). 281p. (Also in English and Tamil).
Agriculture ; Climate change ; Natural disasters ; Risks ; Rain ; Drought ; Flooding ; Soils ; Soil moisture ; Crop management ; Cropping systems ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming ; Field preparation ; Rice ; Land management ; Land use ; Erosion ; Watershed management ; Water management ; Water users ; Decision making ; Biodiversity ; Agroecology ; Living standards ; Arid zones ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation systems ; Wells ; Farmers ; Guidelines ; Pest management ; Fungal diseases / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046083)
(82.58 MB)
7 Sri Lanka. Department of Agriculture (DOA); Sri Lanka Council for Agricultural Research Policy (SLCARP); Disaster Management Centre (DMC); United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2011. Practitioners’ guide book on the best agricultural practices for drought and floods in Sri Lanka. In Tamil. [Guide book development team includes B.R. Ariyaratne of IWMI]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Department of Agriculture (DOA). 280p. (Also in English and Sinhalese).
Agriculture ; Climate change ; Natural disasters ; Risks ; Rain ; Drought ; Flooding ; Soils ; Soil moisture ; Crop management ; Cropping systems ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming ; Field preparation ; Rice ; Land management ; Land use ; Erosion ; Watershed management ; Water management ; Water users ; Decision making ; Biodiversity ; Agroecology ; Living standards ; Arid zones ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation systems ; Wells ; Farmers ; Guidelines ; Pest management ; Fungal diseases / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: CD col Record No: H046084)
(61.76 MB)
8 Mateo-Sagasta, J.; Ongley, E.; Xurong, M.; Weiping, H.; Xia, X. (Eds.) 2013. Guidelines to control water pollution from agriculture in China: decoupling water pollution from agricultural production. Rome, Itlay: FAO. 197p. (FAO Water Reports 40)
Water pollution Control ; Agricultural production ; Guidelines ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Fertilizers ; Environmental impact ; Nutrients ; Pest management ; Pesticides ; Farmers ; Irrigated land ; Water use efficiency ; Water quality ; Livestock ; Aquaculture ; Rice ; Health hazards ; Wastewater treatment ; Rural population / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046477)
(4.37 MB)
9 Speranza, C. I. 2010. Resilient adaptation to climate change in African agriculture. Bonn, Germany: German Development Institute (DIE). 311p. (German Development Institute Studies 54)
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Agricultural development ; Farming systems ; Early warning systems ; Sociology ; Ecology ; Sustainability ; Poverty ; Stakeholders ; Farmers ; Irrigation management ; Soil management ; Crop management ; Seeds ; Agricultural research ; Diversification ; Livestock management ; Rural finance ; Food production ; Food security ; Pest management ; Disease management ; Ecosystem services ; Rain water management / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 577.22 G100 SPE Record No: H047090)
(6.13 MB) (6.13 MB)
10 Jayasooriya, H. J. C.; Aheeyar, Mohamed M. M. 2016. Adoption and factors affecting on adoption of integrated pest management among vegetable farmers in Sri Lanka. Procedia Food Science, 6:208-212. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2016.02.052]
Pest management ; Chemical pest control ; Pesticides ; Cultivation ; Vegetable growing ; Farmers ; Disease management ; Households ; Income ; Crop production / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047504)
(185 KB)
The overuse and misuse of chemical pesticides has widely been reported in vegetable cultivation in Sri Lanka. While safer and environmental friendly pest and disease management methods such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM) are popular around the world, only little effort has been taken to promote IPM in Sri Lankan vegetable cultivation. Furthermore, farmers have not shown much interest on practicing IPM in vegetable cultivation. However, the level of IPM adoption by vegetable farmers and the factors influencing the adoption and strategies to promote IPM in vegetable cultivation have not been identified. Accordingly, this study was conducted to identify the level of IPM adoption and factors influencing the adoption of IPM in vegetable cultivation and to understand the strategies for promoting vegetable IPM in future. Primary data was collected by interviewing 290 farmer households. ‘Level of adoption’ and ‘farmers’ knowledge’ on nine practices used in IPM technique were tested and nine socio-economic variables were analyzed to identify the factors influencing the IPM adoption. Findings indicated that the main income source of the majority (68%) of respondents was from vegetable farming from which at least half of their household income was secured. A total of 47% farmers apply chemical pesticides before pests or diseases appear in the field as a routine activity, and without considering the ‘economic threshold level’. Although the majority (60%) of farmers have used the recommended dosage in spraying, mixing several pesticides when applying was common. According to the findings, although the term IPM was familiar to 44% of respondents, only 20% s had a certain level of understanding on the IPM technique. The adoption of IPM practices among farmers was not at a satisfactory level. Practices known and followed for a long time were better adopted compared to the practices which are relatively novel. Results also showed that despite the adoption of these practices, understanding of farmers regarding the benefits and the appropriate use of such practices was not at a satisfactory level. “Farmers’ knowledge on IPM” had a positive impact while the “proportionate income from vegetable cultivation” was negative on the level of IPM adoption. In addition, the results showed that gaps in policy and institutional setup, negative attitudes of farmers and officers on IPM were conduce for the lower adoption level of IPM in the vegetable cultivation.
11 Vayda, A. P. 2009. Explaining human actions and environmental changes. Lanham, MD, USA: AltaMira Press. 303p.
Environmental effects ; Human behaviour ; Forest fire management ; Mangroves ; Planting ; Pest management ; Insect control ; Indigenous knowledge ; Deforestation ; Tropical forests ; Highlands ; Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Interdisciplinary research ; Ecological factors ; Models ; Land conflicts ; War ; Political aspects ; Case studies / Indonesia / Philippines / New Guinea / Maring
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 304.2 G000 VAY Record No: H047655)
(0.34 MB)
12 Bell, A.; Matthews, Nathanial; Zhang, W. 2016. Opportunities for improved promotion of ecosystem services in agriculture under the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 6(1):183-191. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-016-0366-9]
Payment for Ecosystem Services ; Payment agreements ; Water power ; Water security ; Water use ; Water quality ; Food security ; Energy consumption ; Agriculture ; Integrated management ; Pest management ; Drinking water ; Landscape ; Conservation agriculture ; Farmers ; Environmental management ; Case studies / Malawi / Cambodia / Vietnam / Shire River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047782)
In this study, we focus on water quality as a vehicle to illustrate the role that the water, energy, and food (WEF) Nexus perspective may have in promoting ecosystem services in agriculture. The mediation of water quality by terrestrial systems is a key ecosystem service for a range of actors (municipalities, fishers, industries, and energy providers) and is reshaped radically by agricultural activity. To address these impacts, many programs exist to promote improved land-use practices in agriculture; however, where these practices incur a cost or other burden to the farmer, adoption can be low unless some form of incentive is provided (as in a payment for ecosystem services (PES) program). Provision of such incentives can be a challenge to sustain in the long term, if there is not a clear beneficiary or other actor willing to provide them. Successfully closing the loop between impacts and incentives often requires identifying a measurable and valuable service with a clear central beneficiary that is impacted by the summative effects of the diffuse agricultural practices across the landscape. Drawing on cases from our own research, we demonstrate how the WEF Nexus perspective—by integrating non-point-source agricultural problems under well-defined energy issues—can highlight central beneficiaries of improved agricultural practice, where none may have existed otherwise.
13 Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR). 2014. Restoring agriculture after a tsunami: the experience from Aceh, Indonesia. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR). 88p.
Agricultural extension ; Agricultural sector ; Farmland ; Natural disasters ; Tsunamis ; Disaster recovery ; Disaster risk management ; Soil salinity ; Water quality ; Crop management ; Seed quality ; Pest management ; Weed control ; Plant nutrition ; Farmers ; Living standards ; Communication ; Coordination ; Capacity building ; Social participation / Indonesia / Aceh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 630 G662 AUS Record No: H047930)
(7.05 MB)
14 Otoo, Miriam; Karanja, N.; Odero, J.; Hope, L. 2018. Agricultural waste to high quality compost (DuduTech, Kenya) - Case Study. In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.450-458.
Agricultural waste management ; Vermicomposting ; Vegetative reproduction ; Livestock wastes ; Private sector ; Pest management ; Market economies ; Business models ; Supply chain ; Farmers ; Case studies / Kenya / Naivasha
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048666)
(1.30 MB)
15 Campanhola, C.; Pandey, S. (Eds.) 2019. Sustainable food and agriculture: an integrated approach. London, UK: Academic Press; Rome, Italy: FAO: 585p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/C2016-0-01212-3]
Sustainable agriculture ; Food security ; Food production ; Agricultural production ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Agroecosystems ; Food supply ; Agroecology ; Agroforestry ; Intercropping ; Agricultural landscape ; Agrifood systems ; Climate-smart agriculture ; Conservation agriculture ; Climate change ; Forecasting ; Soil management ; Nitrogen ; Land use ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystem services ; Sustainable forest management ; Urbanization ; Nutrition ; Economic growth ; Investments ; Innovation ; Water use ; Water scarcity ; Technology ; Plant genetic resources ; System of Rice Intensification ; Carbon sequestration ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; Natural resources ; Risk management ; Water governance ; Institutions ; Policies ; Pest management ; Livestock ; Aquaculture ; Stakeholders ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Living standards ; Rural poverty ; Social capital ; Socioeconomic environment / Africa South of Sahara / Asia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.19 G000 CAM, e-copy SF Record No: H049449)
(0.30 MB)
16 Wentworth, A.; Pavelic, Paul; Kongmany, S.; Sotoukee, T.; Sengphaxaiyalath, K.; Phomkeona, K.; Deevanhxay, P.; Chounlamany, V.; Manivong, V. 2021. Environmental risks from pesticide use: the case of commercial banana farming in northern Lao PDR. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 66p. (IWMI Research Report 177) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.207]
Pesticide residues ; Environmental impact ; Risk assessment ; Commercial farming ; Bananas ; Agrochemicals ; Fertilizer application ; Pest management ; Guidelines ; Surface water ; Groundwater ; Sediment ; Soil analysis ; Water quality ; Drinking water ; Contamination ; Environmental monitoring ; Agricultural practices ; Water management ; Irrigation ; Land use ; Seasonal variation ; Stream flow ; Runoff ; Farmers ; Health hazards ; Modelling / Lao People's Democratic Republic / Luang Namtha / Phongsaly / Oudomxay / Houn / Sibounheuang
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H050717)
(6.93 MB)
Commercial farming of banana for export has rapidly expanded across northern uplands of Laos since 2008 with the establishment of new plantations by foreign companies. Heavy reliance on agrochemical usage warrants examination of possible environmental and human health risks. This study presents a preliminary assessment of the environmental risks from pesticide usage associated with bananas and other major crops in Oudomxay province.
Surface water, groundwater, soil and sediment samples collected from the study area were analyzed for pesticide residues in the laboratory during the wet and dry seasons. Results of the analysis revealed that samples from banana farms had higher concentrations of residues from currently used (CU) pesticides compared with samples from adjacent farms producing maize, rubber, upland rice and gourd. Residues from highly persistent organochlorine (OC) pesticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, heptachlor, dieldrin and lindane, which are no longer used in Laos, were also detected. Laboratory results were compared against a low-cost pesticide residue detection method and a simple pesticide risk assessment tool. However, neither approach was comparable to laboratory analysis.
The potential environmental risk from pesticides and pesticide breakdown products was found to be substantial. For example, concentrations of some CU compounds exceeded the limits set by the World Health Organization.
The report highlights several mitigation measures to reduce the environmental risks from hazardous pesticides: (i) increase efforts to eliminate the import and use of hazardous and persistent pesticides; (ii) promote targeted education programs to implement best practices, including the selection and use of pesticides as per international standards, and Integrated Pest Management techniques; (iii) identify and protect drinking water sources with a high risk of contamination; and (iv) maintain vegetated buffers and sediment traps to detain farm runoff, which will allow CU pesticides to degrade to safe levels before entering watercourses.
Surface water, groundwater, soil and sediment samples collected from the study area were analyzed for pesticide residues in the laboratory during the wet and dry seasons. Results of the analysis revealed that samples from banana farms had higher concentrations of residues from currently used (CU) pesticides compared with samples from adjacent farms producing maize, rubber, upland rice and gourd. Residues from highly persistent organochlorine (OC) pesticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, heptachlor, dieldrin and lindane, which are no longer used in Laos, were also detected. Laboratory results were compared against a low-cost pesticide residue detection method and a simple pesticide risk assessment tool. However, neither approach was comparable to laboratory analysis.
The potential environmental risk from pesticides and pesticide breakdown products was found to be substantial. For example, concentrations of some CU compounds exceeded the limits set by the World Health Organization.
The report highlights several mitigation measures to reduce the environmental risks from hazardous pesticides: (i) increase efforts to eliminate the import and use of hazardous and persistent pesticides; (ii) promote targeted education programs to implement best practices, including the selection and use of pesticides as per international standards, and Integrated Pest Management techniques; (iii) identify and protect drinking water sources with a high risk of contamination; and (iv) maintain vegetated buffers and sediment traps to detain farm runoff, which will allow CU pesticides to degrade to safe levels before entering watercourses.
17 Fuglie, K. O.; Echeverria, R. G. 2024. The economic impact of CGIAR-related crop technologies on agricultural productivity in developing countries, 1961–2020. World Development, 176:1065233. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106523]
Agricultural productivity ; Developing countries ; Crops ; Technology ; CGIAR ; Economic impact ; Agricultural research ; Rice ; Wheat ; Cassava ; Maize ; Pest management ; Case studies / Asia / Africa / Africa South of Sahara / Latin America
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052524)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X23003418/pdfft?md5=aaa13fb575cc3f73401bba978342d747&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X23003418-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052524.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052524.pdf
(1.96 MB) (1.96 MB)
The international agricultural research centers that comprise the CGIAR got their start in the 1960s. They soon made major contributions to crop improvement in developing countries, particular in rice and wheat in Asia. Today, farmers can acquire new technologies from many sources, and evidence of whether the CGIAR continues to play an important role in crop improvement has become dated. This paper brings together an expanded set of evidence on the diffusion and productivity impact of CGIAR crop research through 2020, and breaks out these impacts by crop, region, and over time. By 2016–2020, CGIAR-related crop technologies had been adopted on at least 221 million hectares across Asia, Africa and Latin America, generating economic welfare gains of $47 billion annually. In the 2010s, technology adoption and welfare impacts were increasing by about $600 million annually, almost as much as in the 1990s. In the early days of the “Green Revolution,” these welfare impacts were largely confined to rice and wheat in Asia, but in recent decades have grown to include a larger range of crops and geographies, notably cassava and maize in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although improved crop varieties have been the main technology through which CGIAR crop centers have achieved these impacts, CGIAR-related integrated pest management and natural resource management technologies have also made significant contributions to crop productivity. In addition to raising farm income, productivity gains in staple crops have lowered food prices, thereby benefitting the whole population. This is a key reason why agricultural productivity growth, and food crop productivity growth in particular, has had greater impacts on poverty reduction in low-income countries than comparable productivity growth in other sectors.
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