Your search found 5 records
1 Pierret, Alain; Doussan, C.; Pages, L.; Do, F. C.; Gonkhamdee, S.; Maeght, J. L.; Chintachao, W.; Nandris, D. 2007. Is impeded root growth related to the occurrence of rubber tree Trunk Phloem Necrosis (TPN)?: preliminary results from NE Thailand. Paper presented at IRRDB Annual Meeting, Siem Reap Cambodia, 12-16 November 2007. 10p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041685)
This paper presents the results of a pilot project aimed at unravelling putative links between the occurrence of Trunk Phloem Necrosis (TPN) and impeded root system development in a small rubber tree (RRIM 600) plantation of NE Thailand. To investigate as many root parameters as possible, our methodology included a wide range of techniques: destructive sampling, root mapping, rhizolocation, architectural characterisation of coarse woody roots, and electrical measurements by capacitance and earth impedance. We found that under the environmental conditions that prevail in NE Thailand, there is no relationship between most of the root parameters we measured and TPN, at least within the first meter of the soil profile. This result contrasts with observations previously made in western Africa. However, we found that at a soil depth of ~25 cm where maximum soil bulk density is generally observed, Healthy (H) trees can grow roots of significantly higher Specific Root Length (SRL) than those affected by TPN. The next phase of this work which is part of a multidisciplinary programme on TPN, will therefore focus on root morphological descriptors such as SRL and on the analysis of the deeper parts of rubber tree root systems.
2 Pierret, Alain; Doussan, C.; Capowiez, Y.; Bastardie, F.; Pages, L. 2007. Root functional architecture: a framework for modeling the interplay between roots and soil. Vadose Zone Journal, 6(2):269-281. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2006.0067]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H033450)
(0.43 MB)
Soil ecosystems support a plethora of intertwined biophysical and biochemical processes. Soil structure plays a central role in the formation and maintenance of soil biological activity by providing a diversified habitat for soil organisms and determining the movement and transport of the resources on which they rely. At the same time, the formation and preservation of soil structure and fertility is also strongly linked to soil biological activity through feedback loops. In most soil ecosystems, soil biological activity and associated processes are concentrated in the soil located around living plant roots and influenced by root activity, an environment known as the rhizosphere. Consequently, among the wide array of soil life forms, plants play a dominant role in the regulation of many soil processes. In this paper, we illustrate the functional complexity of soil ecosystems using specific examples of root–soil interactions and associated processes. Through examples taken from the literature, we examine the origins and variations in soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and their impact on root growth. Next, we consider how the response of root systems to their environment affects resource acquisition by plants. Finally, we describe how the concept of root functional architecture can improve the integration of research advances from fields operating as independent disciplines and improve our understanding of soil ecosystems.
3 Barker, D. H.; Watson, A. J.; Sombatpanit, S.; Northcutt, B.; Maglinao, Amado R.; Ang, T. M. (Eds.) 2004. Ground and water bioengineering for erosion control and slope stabilization. Enfield, NH, USA: Science Publishers. 419p.
Biotechnology ; Watershed management ; Water conservation ; Erosion control ; Sloping land ; Soil stabilization ; Soil conservation ; Soil fertility ; Humid tropics ; Ecosystems ; Vegetation ; Root systems ; Nitrogen fixing trees ; Hedging plants ; Terrace cropping ; Mulching ; Indigenous knowledge ; Cultural methods ; Forest fires ; Highlands ; Dams ; Rivers ; Sedimentation ; Mudstone ; Granite soils ; Volcanic soils ; Mine spoil ; Landslides ; Hurricanes ; Sustainability ; Smallholders ; Cropping systems ; Cassava ; Road construction ; Case studies / Asia Pacific Region / USA / Philippines / China / Hong Kong / Nepal / India / Sri Lanka / Pakistan / Bangladesh / Vanuatu / Indonesia / South Western Taiwan / Korea / Papua New Guinea / South Africa / Maharashtra / Mangala Dam / Halsema Highway / Subic Freeport Expressway / Kosong / Rabaul
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 624.151363 G000 BAR Record No: H047280)
(0.43 MB)
4 Rao, S. S.; Tanwar, S. P. S.; Regar, P. L. 2016. Effect of deficit irrigation, phosphorous inoculation and cycocel spray on root growth, seed cotton yield and water productivity of drip irrigated cotton in arid environment. Agricultural Water Management, 169:14-25. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.02.008]
Water productivity ; Water deficit ; Irrigation water ; Drip irrigation ; Furrow irrigation ; Water use ; Soil water content ; Plant growth ; Root systems ; Phosphorus ; Seed inoculation ; Chlormequat ; Crop yield ; Cottonseed ; Rain ; Evaporation ; Arid zones / India / Rajasthan / Pali
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047796)
(1.09 MB)
Irrigation water is scarce and expensive resource constraining crop production in arid and semi-arid region of India. Most producers’ aims to maximize yield per unit of water applied but it requires a better understanding of crop response to various levels of water stress. A field experiment was conducted during 2009–2011 to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation through drip irrigation; phosphorus solubilizing bacterial (PSB) inoculation and chloromequat chloride (cycocel) spray on seed cotton yield and water productivity (WP) of cotton. Experimental treatments comprised of three drip irrigation levels designated as 1.0 ETc (full irrigation as control), 0.8 ETc and 0.6 ETc (regular deficit irrigation) which receive 80% and 60% of the 1.0 ETc irrigation, were kept in main plots. The factorial combination of PSB inoculation and cycocel spray were included as good management practices (GMP) in sub-plots. A furrow irrigation treatment was also kept as absolute control. The result reveals that drip irrigation in cotton at 1.0 ETc significantly increased mean seed cotton yield by 33.5% and saved 30% irrigation water as compared to furrow irrigation which recorded 1859 kg ha-1 seed cotton yield with 582 mm irrigation water. Deficit irrigation at 0.8 ETc caused 17% water savings with only 6.4% reduction in yield as compared to 1.0 ETc. PSB inoculation and/or cycocel spray significantly increased number of bolls plant-1, boll weight and seed cotton weight plant-1 over control. The interaction effect of deficit irrigation and GMP was significant on seed cotton yield and water productivity. Therefore, deficit irrigation at 0.8Etc along with PSB inoculation and cycocel spray should be considered as useful tool for water saving and higher yield in arid and semi-arid regions where irrigation water supplies are limited.
5 Jimenez-Rodriguez, C. D.; Coenders-Gerrits, M.; Uhlenbrook, S.; Wenninger, J. 2019. What do plants leave after summer on the ground? - the effect of afforested plants in arid environments. Water, 11(12):2559. (Special issue: Use of Water Stable Isotopes in Hydrological Process). [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w11122559]
Plants ; Afforestation ; Arid zones ; Vegetation ; Soil moisture ; Water use ; Groundwater ; Precipitation ; Evaporation ; Stable isotopes ; Soil properties ; Root systems ; Salix ; Hydrogen ; Oxygen ; Models / China / Hailiutu Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049794)
(1.94 MB) (1.94 MB)
The implementation of afforestation programs in arid environments in northern China had modified the natural vegetation patterns. This increases the evaporation flux; however, the influence of these new covers on the soil water conditions is poorly understood. This work aims to describe the effect of Willow bushes (Salix psammophila C. Wang and Chang Y. Yang) and Willow trees (Salix matsudana Koidz.) on the soil water conditions after the summer. Two experimental plots located in the Hailiutu catchment (Shaanxi province, northwest China), and covered with plants of each species, were monitored during Autumn in 2010. The monitoring included the soil moisture, fine root distribution and transpiration fluxes that provided information about water availability, access and use by the plants. Meanwhile, the monitoring of stable water isotopes collected from precipitation, soil water, groundwater and xylem water linked the water paths. The presence of Willow trees and Willow bushes reduce the effect of soil evaporation after summer, increasing the soil moisture respect to bare soil conditions. Also, the presence of soil water with stable water isotope signatures close to groundwater reflect the hydraulic lift process. This is an indication of soil water redistribution carried out by both plant species.
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