Your search found 28 records
1 Palanisami, K.; Ranganathan, C. R.. 2004. Value of groundwater in tank (surface) irrigation systems. Coimbatore, India: Water Technology Centre. 31p.
Tank irrigation ; Reservoirs ; Wells ; Supplementary irrigation ; Mathematical models ; Irrigation management ; Policy ; Modernization ; Productivity / South Asia / South East Asia / India / Sri Lanka / South India / Tamil Nadu / Srivilliputhur Big Tank
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G800 PAL Record No: H035870)
2 Ranganathan, C. R.; Palanisami, K. 2008. Estimation of technical and input (irrigation) efficiencies of south Indian farms. In Palanisami, K.; Ramasamy, C.; Umetsu, C. (Eds.). Groundwater management and policies. New Delhi, India: Macmillan. pp.265-281.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.6.3 G635 PAL Record No: H041987)
3 Van Vuuren, D. P.; Ochola, W. O.; Riha, S.; Giampietro, M.; Ginzo, H.; Henrichs, T.; Hussain, S.; Kok, K.; Makhura, M.; Mirza, M.; Kuppannan, Palanisami; Ranganathan, C. R.; Ray, S.; Ringler, C.; Rola, A.; Westhoek, H.; Zurek, M.; de Fraiture, Charlotte. 2009. Outlook on agricultural change and its drivers. In McIntyre, B. D.; Herren, H. R.; Wakhungu, J.; Watson, R. T. (Eds.). International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD): Agriculture at a Crossroads, global report. Washington, DC, USA: Island Press. pp.255-305.
Agricultural economics ; International trade ; Investment ; Political aspects ; Food consumption ; Irrigation water ; Land use ; Climate change ; Energy consumption ; Bioenergy ; Labor ; Crop production ; Livestock ; Forestry ; Fisheries ; Gender ; Women
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042171)
(3.62 MB)
4 Senthilnathan, S.; Palanisami, K.; Ranganathan, C. R.; Umetsu, C. 2009. Deficit rainfall insurance payouts in most vulnerable agro climatic zones of Tamil Nadu, India. In Vulnerability and resilience of social-ecological systems. Kyoto, Japan: Inter-University Research Institute Corporation, National Institutes for the Humanities, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature. pp.138-145.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042401)
(0.99 MB)
Weather based insurance is a resilience strategy adopted by farmers. It is intended to provide protection to the cultivator against declined rainfall, which is deemed to adversely affect the crop during its cultivation period. It is becoming popular nowadays in India due to high fluctuation in rainfall and other climate related parameters. The present paper provides a method to compute the initial premium for each crop based on the premium structure given by Agricultural Insurance Company of India Limited, New Delhi. For this, the duration in each stage of selected crop identified by Crop Production Guide(2005) jointly published by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University and Department of Agriculture, Government of Tamil Nadu and 30 years of rainfall data from Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) were used. The payout structure was derived for each stage of the selected crop in the respective district. The strike or upper threshold of the rainfall corresponds to the 30 year average accumulated rainfall of the district reference weather station while the exit or lower threshold is intended to equal the water requirement of the respective crop necessary to avoid complete crop failure. This way, the weather based crop insurance acts as a resilience mechanism for rainfall uncertainties.
5 Palanisami, K.; Ranganathan, C. R.; Senthilnathan, S.; Umetsu, C. 2009. Diversification of agriculture in coastal districts of Tamil Nadu: a spatio-temporal analysis. In Vulnerability and resilience of social-ecological systems. Kyoto, Japan: Inter-University Research Institute Corporation; National Institutes for the Humanities; Research Institute for Humanity and Nature. pp.130-137.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042402)
(0.35 MB)
Crop diversification is considered as a resilience mechanism followed by farmers in different regions. Socio-ecological systems of coastal areas are more vulnerable to the impact of climatic changes. In the present paper, it is shown that there exists wide spatio-temporal disparity in the diversification of crops in the coastal districts of Tamil Nadu State, India. This is done by constructing a crop diversification index which provides a basis for ranking the different districts. So in those regions which are more vulnerable for climatic change, more diversification of crops must be attempted to avoid risk of crop failure and loss of income and employment to the rural people.
6 Palanisami, K.; Paramasivam, P.; Ranganathan, C. R.; Aggarwal, P. K.; Senthilnathan, S. 2009. Quantifying vulnerability and impact of climate change on production of major crops in Tamil Nadu, India. In Taniguchi, M.; Burnett, W. C.; Fukushima, Y.; Haigh, M.; Umezawa, Y. (Eds.). From headwaters to the ocean: hydrological changes and watershed management. London, UK: CRC Press. pp.509-514.
Climate change ; Models ; Regression analysis ; Crop production ; Sugarcane ; Rice ; Groundnuts / India / South India / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042404)
(0.17 MB)
Climate change is essentially a long term phenomenon and is supposed to be gradual in its impact for most part. Integrated assessment combining insights of many disciplines is used as a primary tool in order to follow the causal chain of events from perturbations in the environment to the final outcomes. This can be done by first assessing the vulnerability of different regions to climatic change and then quantifying its impact on agriculture using the long term data. The present paper applies a statistical methodology to rank the coastal districts of Tamil Nadu State, India in terms of vulnerability and to classify them into different levels of vulnerability by constructing composite vulnerability indices. Also the paper presents the impacts of climatic change on productivity and area under three major crops of Tamil Nadu by employing Ricardian model. Existing base level area and yields are obtained by substituting average values of the explanatory variables for each district in the area and yield regressions. Production levels could then be obtained as their product. Similarly, area and yield levels post HADCM3 A2a scenario climate change could be obtained by substituting base line linked climate variables, in respective regressions and assuming other variables at their current long term base levels. Production estimates could be obtained as the product of estimated area and yield levels. Such computations of base level area, yield and production and their 2020 and 2050 counterparts based on climate change were done for individual districts and then summarized for the state. As per Ricardian type regression based projections, climate change impact is projected to be between 4 to 13 percent in terms of reduction in both area and yields of major crops compared to the existing levels. Consequently overall crop production will be decreased up to 22 percent.
7 Palanisamy, K.; Ranganathan, C. R.; Senthilnathan, S.; Aggarwal, P. K. 2009. Impact of climate change on crop production in Tamil Nadu using Ricardian approach. In Aggarwal, P. K. (Ed.). Global climate change and Indian agriculture: case studies from the ICAR network project. New Delhi, India: Indian Council of Agricultural Research. pp.19-23.
Climate change ; Impact assessment ; Crop production ; Rice ; Sugarcane ; Groundnuts ; Performance evaluation ; Regression analysis ; Models / India / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Record No: H042538)
(2.30 MB)
8 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Ranganathan, C. R.; Senthilnathan, S.; Govindaraj, S. 2010. Economic impacts of climate change on agriculture in Tamil Nadu: comparison of models using cross section and time series data. Paper presented at the ADB Workshop on Strategic Assessment for Climate Change Adaptation, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 8-11 June 2010. 22p.
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Economic impact ; Models ; Time series analysis ; Statistical methods ; Crop management / India / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043007)
(0.44 MB)
9 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Ranganathan, C. R.; Umetsu, C. 2011. Groundwater over-exploitation and efficiency in crop production: application of data envelopment analysis. Journal of Applied Operational Research, 3(1):13-22.
Groundwater extraction ; Resource depletion ; Crop production ; Efficiency ; Data analysis ; Water scarcity ; Wells ; Irrigation ; Farms ; Farmers / South India / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044494)
(0.11 MB)
Groundwater over-exploitation and well failure are common in hard rock regions of south India. Groundwater scarcity influenced the farm input use and overall farm level technical efficiency. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been used to quantify the level of technical efficiency in different groundwater extraction regions of Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu state, India. The average technical efficiency had varied from 95.55 percent in more exploited (critical) regions to 82.93 percent in less exploited (safe) regions. The scale efficiency has indicated that input use was close to the optimum level in groundwater more exploited regions compared to less exploited regions. The results had indicated that there is further scope to increase the technical efficiency among the farm groups within each groundwater extracting regions. The recommendations include adoption of a crop pattern with minimum crop failure and introduction of regular farm educational programs as well as participatory crop management programs for better use of the resources.
10 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Giordano, Mark; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy; Ranganathan, C. R.. 2012. The stabilization value of groundwater: evidence from Indian tank irrigation systems. Hydrogeology Journal, 20(5): 933-941. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0793-3]
Groundwater management ; Economic stabilization ; Surface water ; Groundwater recharge ; Water budget ; Irrigation systems ; Tank irrigation ; Mathematical models ; Water supply ; Electricity supplies ; Prices / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044534)
(0.24 MB)
Groundwater is now a major source of agricultural water supply in many parts of the world. The value of groundwater as a new source of supply is well known. However, its additional buffering or stabilization value is less appreciated and even less analysed. Knowledge on groundwater’s stabilization value is advanced by developing and estimating an empirical model using the case of tank irrigation systems in Tamil Nadu, India. Unlike previous work, the model uses cross-sectional rather than time-series data. The results show that for the case-study region, the stabilization function added approximately 15% to supply value. Scenarios with surface water and electricity price were incorporated in the model. Increased surface-water supply and electricity price caused reduction in groundwater use but the percent of stabilization value of groundwater increased. The findings are used both to suggest improvements in tank irrigation systems and to further contextualize knowledge of groundwater’s stabilization value.
11 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Meinzen-Dick, R.; Giordano, Mark; van Koppen, Barbara; Ranganathan, C. R.. 2011. Tank performance and multiple uses in Tamil Nadu, South India–comparison of 2 time periods (1996–97 and 2009–10). Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 25(1):121-134. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10795-011-9114-1]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H044673)
(0.20 MB)
Irrigation tanks in India are common property resources. Tanks provide not only for irrigation, but also forestry, fishing, domestic water supply, livestock, and other uses. Using empirical results from a study of tank performance from 80 tanks in Tamil Nadu, South India in two time period: 1996-97 and 2009-10, this paper evaluates tank irrigation system performance in terms of economic output and revenue generation forirrigation and other uses. The results indicate that irrigation and other productive uses put together raised the total value of output at tank level by 12%in 1996-97 and just 6%in 2009-10. This may suggest that tank multiple use values are small and getting smaller, and therefore not worth consideration. However, it was also found that, while declining in absolute terms, non-irrigation uses provided the majority of tax revenues and still more than cover government's operation and maintenance expenditure (O&M) budget. This finding provides another reason to consider multiple use values and their linkage with overall system viability.
12 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Ranganathan, C. R.; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy; Nagothu, U. S. 2011. A hybrid model to quantify the impact of climate change on agriculture in Godavari Basin, India. Energy and Environment Research, 1(1):32-52. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5539/eer.v1n1p32]
Climate change ; Models ; Agriculture ; River basins ; Water use ; Yields ; Crop production ; Rice ; Maize ; Groundnuts ; Income / India / Godavari River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044674)
http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/eer/article/view/13968/9664
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044674.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044674.pdf
(0.40 MB)
A hybrid model incorporating the econometric and programming models was developed to quantify the impact of climate change on agriculture in Godavari basin, India. The Just and Pope production function was used to estimate the mean yield of crops and the variance associated with the mean yield and using the estimated yield, the multiple goal programming model was used to optimize the land and water use under mid and end century climate change scenarios. The results indicated that rice production will reduce during mid and end-century periods by 16% and 36% respectively and by incorporating the water and labour saving technologies in the crop production, the reduction in rice production will be eliminated during mid-century and it will be only 19% during end-century period. The overall water saving will be about 20% due to the adoption of these echnologies. Technology up-scaling programs are suggested. Areas for future research are also indicated.
13 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy; Nagothu, U. S.; Ranganathan, C. R.; Barton, D. N. 2012. Vulnerability assessment, impacts of climate change on agricultural production in the Godavari River Basin, India. In Nagothu, U. S.; Gosain, A. K.; Palanisami, Kuppannan (Eds.). Water and climate change: an integrated approach to address adaptation challenges. New Delhi, India: Macmillan. pp.169-193.
Climate change ; Adaptation ; Agricultural production ; River basins ; Assessment ; Indicators ; Models ; Regression analysis ; Rice ; Maize / India / Godavari River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044768)
(1.70 MB)
14 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Ranganathan, C. R.; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy; Nagothu, U. S. 2012. Impact of climate change on agriculture and optimum land and water use planning: evidence from the Sri Ram Sagar Project, Godavari Basin. [India]. In Nagothu, U. S.; Gosain, A. K.; Palanisami, Kuppannan (Eds.). Water and climate change: an integrated approach to address adaptation challenges. New Delhi, India: Macmillan. pp.194-237.
Climate change ; Temperature ; Rain ; Precipitation ; Land use ; Planning ; Water management ; Water use ; River basins ; Agriculture ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Rice ; Maize ; Groundnuts ; Income ; Models / India / Andhra Pradesh / Godavari River Basin / Sri Ram Sagar Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044769)
(2.79 MB)
15 Palanisami, K.; Vidhyavathi, A.; Ranganathan, C. R.. 2008. Wells for welfare or “illfare”?: Cost of groundwater depletion in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Water Policy, 10(4):391-407. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.150]
Wells ; Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater depletion ; Pumping ; Energy consumption ; Costs ; Investment ; Economic aspects ; Social aspects ; Welfare ; Crop management ; Water use ; Land use ; Irrigated sites ; Social aspects ; Policy / India / Tamil Nadu / Coimbatore District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044799)
(0.12 MB)
Groundwater depletion is experienced in several districts of Tamil Nadu state and Coimbatore district is heading in that direction. The average well failure rate is 47% for open wells and 9% for bore wells. The total cost of depletion for new wells varies from Rs 1,999 per ha to Rs 90,975 per ha. The electricity subsidy to the farmers has varied from Rs 22,621 per ha for coconut growers to Rs 25,498 per ha for banana growers as on 2004. The cost of irrigation per cubic metre (m3) is less on large farms. The average net return with free electricity varies from Rs 0.14 per m3 to Rs 1.38 per m3 and is drastically reduced when electricity is priced at an economic cost, i.e. Rs 21.15 to Rs 20.14 per m3. The shift in cropping pattern towards high value crops helped the farmers to some extent to bear the cost of externalities arising out of depletion. The social cost caused by groundwater overdraft is about Rs 554.3 million, which may increase when the well density increases further. Suggested policy options are to change the cropping pattern to less water-consuming crops, to invest in watershed development activities, to change inefficient pumpsets and to adopt well spacing norms.
16 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy; Kumar, D. S.; Challamuthu, S.; Chandrasekaran, B.; Ranganathan, C. R.; Giordano, Mark. 2012. Do investments in water management research pay?: an analysis of water management research in India. Water Policy, 14(4):594-612. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2012.123]
Water management ; Research ; Investment ; Economic aspects ; Technology transfer ; Adaptation ; Models ; Costs ; Drip irrigation ; Water conservation ; Rice / India / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044951)
(0.28 MB)
Even though there has been increasing development of water management technologies over the years, the adoption rate by the farmers is comparatively small ranging from only 15–20%. Hence it is timely to look at the return to water management research investment to fine tune investment in future research. A detailed study was done using the data from Tamil Nadu State, India. The successful technologies yielded a moderate return ranging from 11–20%. With higher adoption levels of the water management technologies, the rate of return will be higher. Strategies to boost technology transfer and upkeep should be given importance in water management programmes.
17 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Ranganathan, C. R.; Senthilnathan, S.; Govindaraj, S. 2012. Economic analysis of climate change impacts on agriculture at farm level. In Anbumozhi, V.; Breiling, M.; Pathmarajah, S.; Reddy, V. R. (Eds.). Climate change in Asia and the Pacific: how can countries adapt?. New Delhi, India: Sage. pp.276-286.
Climate change ; Economic analysis ; Agricultural production ; Models ; Statistical methods / India / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045068)
(3.68 MB)
18 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Ranganathan, C. R.. 2012. Measuring the performance of river basins: application of total factor productivity approach to Andhra Pradesh, India. Economics Research International, 2012:17p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/781581]
River basins ; Agricultural development ; Agricultural production ; Indicators ; Irrigated sites / India / Andhra Pradesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045073)
http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/econ/2012/781581.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045073.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045073.pdf
(0.92 MB) (975.10KB)
Total Factor Productivity (TFP) measures the growth in output which is not accounted for by inputs. Data Envelopment Analysis which forms the basis for the computation of almquist TFP index is used in this paper to study the performance of different river basins in Andhra Pradesh state, India. The results indicated that average technical efficiency of all the basins is only 66%. In all the basins there was a decline in growth of agricultural output during the first two decades, viz., 1979-1980 to 1988-1989 and it had picked in the last decade (1999-2000). All the river basins have TFP change greater than 1 indicating progress in agricultural productivity. Out of the 40 river basins, 14 river basins have technical efficiency change less than 1 indicating decline in TFP growth whereas all the basins have technical changes greater than 1 implying that there is shift in production frontier over years. In general, within the TFP, technical change contributed more than technical efficiency change. Looking at the future options for increasing the agricultural output in the river basins, it is important to focus on improving the TFP growth compared to increasing the quantities of physical inputs.
19 Kuppannan, Palanisami; Karunakaran, K. R.; Amarasinghe, Upali; Ranganathan, C. R.. 2013. Doing different things or doing it differently?: rice intensification practices in 13 states of India. Economic and Political Weekly, 48(8):51-58.
Rice ; Intensification ; Yields ; Water management ; Groundwater irrigation ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Income ; Costs ; Regression analysis / India / Andhra Pradesh / Karnataka / Tamil Nadu / Kerala / Gujarat / Rajasthan / Maharashtra / Orissa / Chhattisgarh / Uttar Pradesh / West Bengal / Madhya Pradesh / Assam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045711)
Can the System of Rice Intensification be the answer to meet the country’s future rice demand? A macro-level study covering 13 major rice-growing states indicates that fields with SRI have a higher average yield compared to non-SRI fields. Out of the four core SRI components typically recommended, 41% adopted one component, 39% adopted two to three components, and only 20% adopted all the components. Full adopters recorded the highest yield increase (31%), but all adopters had yields higher than those that used conventional practices. They also had higher gross margins and lower production costs compared to non-SRI fields. Though the rice yield of the country can significantly increase under SRI and modified SRI practices, there are major constraints that have to be tackled before this can be achieved.
20 Ranganathan, C. R.; Kuppannan, Palanisami; Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy; Baulraj, A. 2010. Mainstreaming the adaptations and reducing the vulnerability of the poor due to climate change. Tokyo, Japan: Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI). 29p. (ADBI Working Paper Series No. 333)
Climate change ; Poverty ; Adaptation ; Rural areas ; Developing countries ; Agricultural production ; Living standards ; Income ; Case studies ; Institutions ; Policy ; Water storage ; Economic aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046141)
http://www.adbi.org/files/2011.12.19.wp333.adaptations.reducing.vulnerability.poor.climate.change.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046141.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046141.pdf
(0.18 MB) (185KB)
Many rural poor people in developing countries depend on agriculture and are highly influenced by climatic change. Hence, sustainable livelihood approaches are used at both policy and project level to initiate new poverty reduction activities and modify existing activities to improve livelihood incomes. Practices relevant to climate change adaptation around the world are wideranging and include development of technology, management, infrastructure, livestock, groundwater, and knowledge. Both structural interventions (such as building flood embankments, dikes, or seawalls or enhancing the natural setting or landscape) and nonstructural interventions (policies, knowledge development, awareness, methods and operating practices, including participatory mechanisms) have helped to reduce the impact of climate change. Further, market-based instruments such as credits and crop insurance were also developed to help poor households in many developing countries to cope with the uncertainties. The uptake of such adaptation practices is lagging, however, but informal institutions are playing a key role as they rely on enforcement methods and are not supported by the government. Mainstreaming adaptation and enhancing adaptive capacity could be increased by encouraging partnerships between informal processes and formal interventions to facilitate adaptation by the poor. The cost of adaptation is also significantly higher in developing countries. Nonetheless, more attention is needed in addressing future climate scenarios through agricultural research and development, irrigation development, infrastructure, and improved irrigation efficiency.
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