Your search found 20 records
1 Malano, H.. 1996. Integrated water management for pumped irrigation schemes in the Red River Delta of Vietnam. Grid: IPTRID Network Magazine, 9:10-11.
Water management ; Irrigation operation ; Irrigation programs ; Agricultural development / Vietnam / Red River Delta
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 4338 Record No: H019232)
2 Gao, G.; Peterson, J.; Malano, H.. 1999. Temporal changes of irrigation system performance: Development and test for a ratio of similar priority approach. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 13(1):13-31.
Irrigation systems ; Performance evaluation ; Performance indexes ; Models ; Case studies / China / Shi-jin
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H025093)
3 Malano, H.; Burton, M. 2001. Benchmarking des services d'irrigation et de drainage. [Benchmarking irrigation and drainage services]. Grid: IPTRID Network Magazine, 17:8.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 5738 Record No: H028361)
4 Turral, H.; Malano, H.; Chien, N. V. 2002. Development and specification of a service agreement and operational rules for La Khe Irrigation System, Ha Dong, Vietnam. Irrigation and Drainage, 51(2):129-140.
Irrigation systems ; Operating policies ; Performance ; Simulation models ; Computer models / Vietnam / La Khe Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER, IWMI 631.7.1 G784 TUR Record No: H029961)
5 Turral, H.; Malano, H.. 2002. Water policy in practice: A case study from Vietnam. In Brennan, D. (Ed.), Water policy reform: Lessons from Asia and Australia – Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Bangkok, Thailand, 8-9 June 2001. Canberra, Australia: ACIAR. pp.189-205.
Water policy ; Legal aspects ; Irrigation management ; Participatory management ; Price policy ; Cost recovery ; Drainage / Vietnam
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G570 BRE Record No: H034520)
6 Malano, H.; Burton, M.; Makin, Ian. 2004. Benchmarking performance in the irrigation and drainage sector: a tool for change. Irrigation and Drainage, 53(2):119-133.
Irrigation management ; Drainage ; Planning ; Performance indexes ; Productivity ; Research institutes ; Agricultural research
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H034892)
7 Davidson, B.; Malano, H.. 2005. Key considerations in applying microeconomic theory to water quality issues. Water International, 30(2):147-154.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H037846)
8 Phong, N. D.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Tuong, T. P.; Malano, H.; Weaver, T. 2007. Modelling acidity propagation in a coastal zone with acid sulphate soils. In International Congress on Modelling and Simulation: Land, Water and Environmental Management: Integrated Systems for Sustainability. Organized by Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, held at Christchurch, New Zealand, 10-13 December 2007. pp.170-176.
Water quality ; Water pollution ; Runoff ; Salinity ; Coastal area ; Simulation models ; Calibration ; Soil properties ; Salt water intrusion ; Irrigation canals ; Monitoring / Vietnam / Mekong Delta / Camau Peninsula
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 333.91 G784 PHO Record No: H040769)
9 Phong, N. D.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Tuong, T. P.; Malano, H.. 2010. Managing acidity movement in the coastal land with acid sulphate soils: a modeling approach. In Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World, Brisbane, Australia, 1-6 August 2010. Wageningen, Netherlands: International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) pp.76-79 (Published on DVD)
Acid sulphate soils ; Simulation models ; Acidity ; Control methods ; Salinity ; Canals ; Coastal area / Vietnam / Mekong Delta / Camau Peninsula
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043265)
(0.20 MB) (202.81 KB)
A new acidity module has been developed and coupled successfully into an existing hydraulic and salinity model for simulating acidity movement in canals under the controlled marine water intake in the coastal land with acid sulphate soil (ASS). The model allied with the Camau peninsula, Mekong Delta, Vietnam indicates that the most suitable option for improving the acidity condition is to open main sluice gates one day every week when difference of tide amplitude of between the East and West seas is highest and to widen the canals connected to the West sea.
10 George, B.; Malano, H.; Davidson, B.; Hellegers, P.; Bharati, Luna; Massuel, S. 2011. An integrated hydro-economic modelling framework to evaluate water allocation strategies II: scenario assessment. Agricultural Water Management, 98(5):747-758. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.12.005]
Water allocation ; Models ; River basins ; Economic aspects / India / Krishna River Basin / Musi River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H043545)
(1.46 MB)
In this paper the results of an assessment of the hydrological and economic implications of reallocating water in the Musi sub-basin, a catchment within the Krishna Basin in India, are reported. Policy makers identified a number of different but plausible scenarios that could apply in the sub-basin, involving; supplying additional urban demand from agricultural allocations of water, implementing a number of demand management strategies, changing the timing of releases for hydropower generation, changing the crops grown under irrigation, reducing existing stream flows and allowing for more environmental flows. The framework chosen to undertake this assessment was a simulation model that measures and compares the economic values of water allocation scenarios determined from a water allocation model that accounts for supplies of groundwater and surface water across a number of regions and over a variety of uses. Policy makers are provided with the range of measures on the security of the supply of water and the social costs and benefits of reallocating water between sectors and across regions within the sub-basin. Taking water from agriculture to supply urban users has a greater impact on irrigation supplies during dry years. It was also found that changing the allocation of water between sectors, by taking it away from agriculture had a large positive economic impact on the urban sector. Yet the costs involved in undertaking such a strategy results in a significant loss in the net present value of the scheme. Stream flow reductions, if significantly large (at around 20%), were found to have a large physical and economic impact on the agricultural sector. Implementing water saving strategies in Hyderabad was found to be more cost effective than taking water from agriculture, if rainwater tanks are used to achieve this. Changing the timing of hydropower flows resulted in best meeting of irrigation demand in NSLC and NSRC. Under this scenario, the crops grown under irrigation were found to have a significant economic impact on the sub-basin, but not as large as farmers undertaking crop diversification strategies, ones which result in farmers growing less rice. The security of supplying water to different agricultural zones has significantly improved under this scenario. Finally, releasing water for environmental purposes was found to have only a minor impact on the agricultural sector.
11 George, B.; Malano, H.; Davidson, B.; Hellegers, P.; Bharati, Luna; Massuel, S. 2011. An integrated hydro-economic modelling framework to evaluate water allocation strategies I: model development. Agricultural Water Management, 98(5):733-746. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.12.004]
Water allocation ; Models ; Economic aspects ; River basins ; Water demand / India / Krishna River Basin / Musi River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H043544)
(1.10 MB)
In this paper an integrated modelling framework for water resources planning and management that can be used to carry out an analysis of alternative policy scenarios for water allocation and use is described. The modelling approach is based on integrating a network allocation model (REALM) and a social Cost Benefit economic model, to evaluate the physical and economic outcomes from alternative water allocation policies in a river basin or sub-basin. From a hydrological perspective, surface and groundwater models were first applied to assess surface and groundwater resource availability. Then an allocation model was applied to reconcile the calculated surface and groundwater resources. From an economic perspective initially the value of water allocated to different uses in each demand centre within the system was estimated. These values were then placed in a social Cost Benefit Analysis to assess the economic consequences of different allocation scenarios over time and space. This approach is useful as it allows policymakers to consider not only the physical dimensions of distributing water, but also the economic consequences associated with it. This model is considered superior to other models as water is increasingly being seen as an economic good that should be allocated according to its value. The framework outlined in this paper was applied to the Musi sub-basin located in the Krishna Basin, India. In applying this framework it was concluded that competition for Musi water is very high, the transfer of water from agriculture to urban users is likely to grow in future and the value of water used in different agricultural zones is very low.
12 Phong, N. D.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Tuong, T. P.; Malano, H.. 2014. Effective management for acidic pollution in the canal network of the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: a modeling approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 140:14-25. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.049]
Acidity ; Water pollution ; Deltas ; Salinity ; Canals ; Water management ; Water quality ; Models ; Coastal area ; Tides ; Shrimp culture / Vietnam / Mekong Delta
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046405)
(4.06 MB)
Acidic pollution can cause severe environmental consequences annually in coastal areas overlain with acid sulfate soils (ASS). A water quality model was used as an analytical tool for exploring the effects of water management options and other interventions on acidic pollution and salinity in Bac Lieu, a coastal province of the Mekong Delta. Fifty eight percent of the provincial area is covered by ASS, and more than three-fourths (approximately 175,000 ha) are used for brackish-water shrimp culture. Simulations of acid water propagation in the canal network indicate that the combination of opening the two main sluices along the East Sea of the study area at high tide for one day every week in May and June and widening the canals that connect these sluices to the West Sea allows for adequate saline water intake and minimizes the acidic pollution in the study area. On the other hand, canal dredging in the freshwater ASS area should be done properly as it can create severe acidic pollution.
13 Maheshwari, B.; Purohit, R.; Malano, H.; Singh, V. P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. (Eds.) 2014. The security of water, food, energy and liveability of cities: challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. 489p. (Water Science and Technology Library Volume 71)
Water security ; Food security ; Food production ; Food supply ; Energy conservation ; Agriculture ; Periurban areas ; Urban areas ; Urbanization ; Rural areas ; Hydrological cycle ; Models ; Sustainable development ; Social aspects ; Water footprint ; Water supply ; Water use ; Water demand ; Water availability ; Catchment areas ; Solar energy ; Carbon cycle ; Sanitation ; Health hazards ; Malnutrition ; Milk production ; Decentralization ; Wastewater management ; Wastewater treatment ; Excreta ; Waste treatment ; Nutrients ; Horticulture ; Labour mobility ; Climate change ; Knowledge management ; Greenhouse gases ; Emission reduction ; Land use ; Biodiversity ; Case studies / India / Australia / Ghana / Iran / West Africa / Ethiopia / Uganda / Africa South of Sahara / Senegal / Bangladesh / Melbourne / Tamale / Shiraz / Sydney / Addis Ababa / Accra / Hyderabad / Kampala / Dakar / Dhaka / Udaipur / Bharatpur / Tigray Region / Rajasthan / Rajsamand District / South Creek Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI, e-copy SF Record No: H046685)
(10.11 MB)
14 Malano, H.; Maheshwari, B.; Singh, V. P.; Purohit, R.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. 2014. Challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. In Maheshwari, B.; Purohit, R.; Malano, H.; Singh, V. P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. (Eds.). The security of water, food, energy and liveability of cities: challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.3-10. (Water Science and Technology Library Volume 71)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046686)
(2.44 MB)
15 Malano, H.; Arora, M.; Rathnayaka, K. 2014. Integrated water cycle modelling of the urban/peri-urban continuum. In Maheshwari, B.; Purohit, R.; Malano, H.; Singh, V. P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. (Eds.). The security of water, food, energy and liveability of cities: challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.11-26. (Water Science and Technology Library Volume 71)
Hydrological cycle ; Models ; Resource allocation ; Water supply ; Water demand ; Wastewater ; Water allocation ; Groundwater ; Urban areas ; Periurban areas ; Land use ; Urbanization ; Catchment areas ; Case studies / Australia / Melbourne / Western Sydney / South Creek Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047017)
The world is undergoing an intensive process of urbanisation. In 2008, for the first time in history, over half of the world’s population was living in urban and peri-urban areas. It is estimated that this number will increase to 5 billion by 2030 with most of this growth occurring on the edges of mega-cities. Smaller cities are also undergoing large transformations. Urbanisation can bring opportunities for people to improve their standard of living and access to education and other services but it can also bring and concentrate poverty in developing countries where most of this urban growth is occurring. Increased urbanisation presents planners and policy makers with many challenges, foremost among them, competition for land and water resources with other sectors such as agriculture. Critical to our capacity to develop a sound urban transformation policy is our ability to integrate science to support the formulation of sustainable planning strategies. Increasing competition for water in many regions of the world provides an impetus for increasing use of water saving and replacement techniques, such as water reuse and recycling and urban runoff harvest. This new paradigm requires an improved capability for integrated modelling approaches to analyse the whole-of-watercycle. Such an approach involves the integration of the various sub-systems— Catchment (surface-groundwater), water supply systems, wastewater, water allocation, internal recycling, decentralised treatment and storm water harvesting. Adding to this system complexity is the need to consider water quality as a constraining factor when using a fit-for-purpose approach to integrated urban water management (IUWM). This paper focuses on the challenges and opportunities involved in modelling the urban/peri-urban water cycle for planning of urban and peri-urban systems, including spatial and temporal scale and integration of hydrologic, water allocation with differential water quality across catchment and political divisions. Case studies are used to illustrate the use of integrated water modelling to inform a scenario planning approach to integrated water resource management in an urban/peri-urban context. In this analysis, two main constraints to effective modelling are identified—Lack of model integration and lack of data in the appropriate time and spatial scale often stemming from the lack of a robust data monitoring program of the entire water cycle. A framework for integration of water system modelling with economic modelling is presented.
16 Singh, R.; Maheshwari, B.; Malano, H.. 2014. Securing water supply in western Sydney: an analysis of water use, demand and availability in the South Creek catchment. In Maheshwari, B.; Purohit, R.; Malano, H.; Singh, V. P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. (Eds.). The security of water, food, energy and liveability of cities: challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.121-136. (Water Science and Technology Library Volume 71)
Water security ; Water supply ; Water use ; Water demand ; Water availability ; Hydrological cycle ; Strategy planning ; Land use ; Urbanization ; Climate change ; Suburban agriculture ; Irrigation water ; Population growth ; Catchment areas / Australia / Western Sydney / South Creek Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047024)
Increasing urbanisation and climate change uncertainties are putting pressure on regional authorities to revisit water management strategies in Western Sydney (Australia). This chapter examines water use patterns, demand and supply options in the South Creek catchment—a typical peri-urban catchment in Western Sydney. If present water management practices are continued, the water demand in the catchment is estimated to be more than double, growing from 53 GL/yr under the ‘current’ scenario, to 107 GL/yr under the ‘future’ scenario representing the expected conditions around the year 2025. Most of this increase will be due to residential and non-residential water use, followed by increases in irrigation requirements for recreational space (parks and golf courses). The macro water use, demand and availability analysis suggests that nearly 50 % of the ‘current’ and 47 % of the ‘future’ potable water demand could be replaced with non-potable water. The potential availability of non-potable water resources is estimated to be more than double of the potential demand for non-potable water in the catchment. This provides an opportunity to meet the region’s domestic, industrial, agricultural and environmental water demands provided all water resources are integrated, used and reused in a harmonised fashion. The stormwater and wastewater is to be seen as a ‘resource’, rather than a ‘waste’ in this new paradigm of integrated water supply management.
17 Aye, L.; Nawarathna, B.; George, B.; Nair, S.; Malano, H.. 2014. Greenhouse gas emissions of decentralised water supply strategies in peri-urban areas of Sydney. In Maheshwari, B.; Purohit, R.; Malano, H.; Singh, V. P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. (Eds.). The security of water, food, energy and liveability of cities: challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.355-363. (Water Science and Technology Library Volume 71)
Greenhouse gases ; Emission ; Water supply ; Decentralization ; Periurban areas ; Effluents ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Rainwater ; Water harvesting ; Drinking water / Australia / Sydney
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047046)
Quantification of greenhouse gas emissions for decentralised water supply systems is essential for water policy development, decision making and implementation of these systems. Two potential water supply strategies ‘Effluent Reuse’ and ‘Stormwater Harvesting’ applicable for the planned growth centre development of Western Sydney were developed. The associated energy intensities and operational greenhouse gas emissions of these two strategies were quantified by using the factors and methods prescribed by the Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency National Greenhouse Accounts Factors, 2011. It was found that in terms of operational greenhouse gas emissions, stormwater harvesting performs marginally better than effluent reuse while the cost of stormwater harvesting is expected to be about four times cheaper than effluent reuse in Australia.
18 Davidson, B.; Malano, H.; Hellegers, P.; George, B.; Nawarathna, B. 2014. Valuing the water used in peri-urban regions of Hyderabad, India and in western Sydney, Australia. In Maheshwari, B.; Purohit, R.; Malano, H.; Singh, V. P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. (Eds.). The security of water, food, energy and liveability of cities: challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.463-474. (Water Science and Technology Library Volume 71)
Periurban areas ; Water rates ; Water use ; Waste management ; Water distribution ; Water allocation ; Economic value ; Domestic water ; Industrial uses ; Agricultural sector ; Catchment areas / Australia / India / Western Sydney / Hyderabad / South Creek Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047054)
Economic theory suggests that resources should be employed in different sectors to the point where their marginal values are equal. Yet what has been observed in many instances is that the marginal values of a resource tend to differ, depending on what they are used for. While this occurs for a variety of reasons, it is argued in this paper that the observable relative differences in the marginal values of a resource are a measure of the pressures forcing a reallocation of those resources within a region. This issue is most acute in peri-urban regions (those places where cities and the rural environment meet) as the competition between a declining agricultural sector and the growing domestic and industrial sectors is most intense. The argument arises as to what extent is the pressure to transfer resources between these declining and expanding sectors. To answer that question it is necessary to value the resource in question in a consistent and comprehensive manner across all sectors. Once done, the forces exerted on the resource can be gauged by observing the relative differences in the values placed on it in each use. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a method that has been used to undertake this task with respect to the allocation of water resources. However, analyzing this question in the water sector has been stymied by the fact that the value of water deployed cannot be compared easily with that allocated to other sectors. The approach taken is an extension of the Residual Method that is used to calculate the marginal value product of water used in each crop and then aggregated to obtain the total value of water allocated to the agricultural sector as a whole. These results are then compared to the more conventionally obtained values of water used in other sectors. The results presented in this paper were drawn from research that has been published on two very different peri-urban sites, in Western Sydney, Australia and in Hyderabad, India. It can be concluded that despite the differences in the circumstances, conditions and concerns of stakeholders, the approach is robust enough to be used in a variety of situations where the competition for water between sectors exists. It was found that the value of water used for domestic purposes is significantly greater than that deployed to the agricultural sector in both peri-urban regions. In addition, it does not matter that the quantities used in the urban areas for domestic and industrial uses are relatively small when compared to those in the agricultural sector (as is the case in Hyderabad) or not (as in the case in Western Sydney). Just like other resources (principally land) it is inevitable that in peri-urban regions water will be and should be allocated to the use that it is most valued; towards urban expansion and away from agriculture.
19 Acharya, S.; George, B.; Aye, L.; Nair, S.; Nawarathna, B.; Malano, H.. 2015. Life cycle energy and greenhouse gas emission analysis of groundwater-based irrigation systems. Irrigation and Drainage, 64(3):408-418. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1896]
Greenhouse gases ; Emission ; Energy consumption ; Life cycle analysis ; Irrigation systems ; Groundwater irrigation ; Pumping ; Water distribution ; Flood irrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Centre pivot irrigation ; Tube wells ; Drilling equipment ; Models / India / Australia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047438)
(0.45 MB)
The reliance on groundwater for irrigation is increasing in Australia and India, which is causing concerns to policy makers about energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, it is important to quantify the GHG emissions of all components of the groundwater-based irrigation systems, over the entire life cycle to develop more environmentally friendly groundwater management strategies. This study identified and analysed energy use and GHG emissions associated with different components in the supply chain of groundwater-based irrigation systems. An existing GHG emissions and energy-accounting framework was adapted to enhance its capabilities by considering drilling techniques, water distribution and irrigation application methods. The results of this study highlighted that embodied and direct GHG emissions from drilling tube wells were higher in the Musi catchment, India, compared to South Australia. The study also highlighted that GHG emissions associated with water conveyance were higher for concrete and plastic-lined channels than unlined channels. Drip irrigation systems in both countries were found to have more GHG emissions than gravity-fed systems. Centre pivot systems were found to be emitting more than the drip systems in South Australia. We conclude that different components of the system have an impact on total GHG emissions and energy consumption for both countries. Any change in the most commonly used methods of drilling bore wells, water distribution in channels, and the irrigation methods, will have distinct impacts on energy consumption rates and GHG emissions. The developed conceptual framework provided a systematic complete analysis of the energy-consuming and GHG-emitting components associated with groundwater-based irrigation systems. Policy makers and decision makers may use the developed framework to compare different system components to develop strategies that have minimal impact on the environment.
20 Davidson, B.; Hellegers, P.; George, B.; Malano, H.. 2019. The opportunity costs of increasing reliability in irrigation systems. Agricultural Water Management, 222:173-181. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.03.005]
Irrigation systems ; Opportunity costs ; Cost benefit analysis ; Water use ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water supply ; Catchment areas ; Flow discharge ; Case studies ; Models / India / Andhra Pradesh / Musi Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049403)
(0.80 MB)
Increasing water reliability in a catchment requires reducing the total quantity of water available to users in some years in order to supply it in more years when its supply is constrained. Thus, the more reliable the supply the more water that needs to be withheld. Consequently, increased levels of water reliability to a catchment, which reduces the costs associated with an unreliable supply, often comes at an incremental increase in costs that researchers do not consider; that of the water foregone that could be have been used productively if the system had been run less reliably. In this paper the trade-offs between the costs of water foregone to maintain a level of reliability and the costs associated with an unreliable supply of water at different levels of reliability in an irrigation system are discussed. The concepts developed are applied to the irrigation sector in the Musi catchment in Andhra Pradesh, India from 2011 to 2040. In this catchment it was found that the costs of water foregone to increase reliability rise as the level of reliability rises, while the benefits generally fall. When the level of reliability exceeded approximately 85% (where water is so scarce that it is used on only the most valuable output), the costs of greater reliability exceed the benefits resulting in net losses to the system. These results were found to vary in each demand centre across the catchment. These results have implications for those considering innovations that improve the level of reliability in a catchment.
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