Your search found 26 records
1 Krattiger, A. 2007. Intellectual property management in health and agricultural innovation: a handbook of best practices. Oxford, UK; Davis, CA, USA; Rio de Jeneiro, Brazil; Ithaca, NY, USA: Centre for the Management of Intellectual Property in Health Research and Development (MIHR), Oxford Centre for Innovation; Public Intellectual Property Resource for Agriculture (PIPRA), University of California; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz); bioDevelopments-International Institute. 214p.
Intellectual property rights ; Best practices ; Guidelines ; Patents ; New products ; Contracts ; Agreements ; Licences ; Research institutes ; Agricultural research ; Health ; Case studies ; Technology transfer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 346.048 G000 KRA Record No: H041090)
2 Krattiger, A. 2007. Intellectual property management in health and agricultural innovation: a handbook of best practices. Oxford, UK: Centre for the Management of Intellectual Property in Health Research and Development (MIHR), Oxford Centre for Innovation; Davis, CA, USA: Public Intellectual Property Resource for Agriculture (PIPRA), University of California; Rio de Jeneiro, Brazil: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz); Ithaca, NY, USA: bioDevelopments-International Institute. 1 CD.
Intellectual property rights ; Best practices ; Guidelines ; Patents ; New products ; Contracts ; Agreements ; Licences ; Research institutes ; Agricultural research ; Health ; Case studies ; Technology transfer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: CD Col Record No: H041091)
3 Krattiger, A.; Mahoney, R. T.; Nelsen, L.; Thomson, J. A.; Bennett, A. B.; Satyanarayana, K.; Graff, G. D.; Fernandez, C.; Kowalski, S. P. (Eds.) 2007. Intellectual property management in health and agricultural innovation: a hand book of best practices. Volume 2. Oxford, UK: Centre for the Management of Intellectual Property in Health Research Development (MIHR); Davis, CA, USA: Public Intellectual Property Resource for Agriculture (PIPRA). pp.991-1998.
Intellectual property rights ; Innovations ; Patents ; Legal aspects ; Pharmaceutical industry ; Evaluation ; Licences ; Technology transfer ; Risk management ; Agricultural research ; Contracts ; Agreements ; Marketing techniques
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 346.048 GG000 KRA Record No: H041419)
4 Krattiger, A.; Mahoney, R. T.; Nelsen, L.; Thomson, J. A.; Bennett, A. B.; Satyanarayana, K.; Graff, G. D.; Fernandez, C.; Kowalski, S. P. (Eds.) 2007. Intellectual property management in health and agricultural innovation: a hand book of best practices. Executive Guide. Oxford, UK: Centre for the Management of Intellectual Property in Health Research Development (MIHR); Davis, CA, USA: Public Intellectual Property Resource for Agriculture (PIPRA). 214p.
Intellectual property rights ; Best practices ; Innovations ; Patents ; Legal aspects ; Technology transfer ; Contracts ; Agreements ; Case studies ; Licences ; Public sector ; Entrepreneurship ; Risk Management
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 346.048 GG000 KRA Record No: H041420)
5 Warner, J.; Butterworth, J.; Wegerich, K.; Mora Vallejo, A.; Martinez, G.; Gouet, C.; Visscher, J. T. 2009. Corruption risks in water licensing with case studies from Chile and Kazakhstan. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI). 20p. (Swedish Water House Report 27)
Licences ; Corruption ; Risks ; Water resource management ; Water allocation ; Water rights ; Water users ; Government departments ; Non governmental organizations ; Water user associations ; Stakeholders ; Water rates ; Water pollution ; Pollution control ; Legal aspects ; Case studies / Chile / Kazakhstan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043109)
http://www.siwi.org/documents/Resources/Reports/Corruption_Risks_in_Water_Licensing.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043109.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043109.pdf
(1.13 MB)
6 Sri Lanka. Central Environmental Authority. 2011. Environmental resource profile: Gampaha District. Battaramulla, Sri Lanka: Central Environmental Authority. 1 CD.
Environmental protection ; Licences ; Water resources ; Waste management ; Forests ; Agroecology ; Soil properties ; Population ; Wildlife / Sri Lanka / Gampaha District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: CD Col. Record No: H043621)
7 van Koppen, Barbara; Schreiner, B. 2014. Priority General Authorisations in rights-based water use authorisation in South Africa. Water Policy, 16:59-77. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2014.110]
Water use ; Water resources ; Water law ; Water governance ; Authority ; Licences ; Gender ; Poverty ; Smallholders
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046749)
(0.20 MB)
This article unravels the notions of justice in statutory water law in Sub-Saharan Africa in general and South Africa in particular. These laws, which allocate and regulate water resources, are licence (or permit) systems. Three forms of injustices are identified for small-scale water users who typically encompass all poor water users: the reinforcement of the historical injustices by which colonial powers captured ownership of water resources and undermined customary water law; administrative discrimination as a result of governments’ lack of capacity to license the large numbers of small-scale users; and discrimination of the smallest-scale users whose exemption from the obligation to apply for a licence relegates them to a second-class entitlement to water. Based on the texts and implementation experiences of the National Water Act (1998) and the pro-poor prioritisation rules in the National Water Resource Strategy-2 (2013), the authors propose the transformative legal tool of priority General Authorisations for black small-scale users to overcome these injustices. Via this tool all black small-scale users, including the poor, would obtain equal access to minimum quantities of water needed to progressively achieve constitutional rights to water, food, and non-discrimination, while the remaining water resources would be allocated to high-impact users through licences with strict and enforceable conditions.
8 Anwar, Arif; Richards, D. J. 2015. The Washington Accord and U.S. licensing boards. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, 141(4):1-6. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EI.1943-5541.0000246]
Legal aspects ; Agreements ; Standardizing ; Licences ; Regulations ; Policy making ; Educational needs / USA / Washington
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046902)
The Washington Accord known as a mutual recognition agreement between national engineering regulatory bodies was signed in 1989 by six founding signatories. Through this mutual recognition agreement the signatories recognize that the formal educational programs accredited by the respective signatories are substantially equivalent. The stated objective of the Washington Accord is to ease the path of engineering graduates to professional registration or licensing in different jurisdictions. Since 1989, the signatories to theWashington Accord has increased threefold with an additional five countries as currently provisional signatories. This rapid expansion is a reflection of the need for international recognition of educational qualifications and competency across borders in an increasingly globalized world. Engineering accreditation bodies, particularly in developing countries, are proactively seeking recognition and mobility of their graduates. Within this context, theWashington Accord celebrates 25 years and charts a course for the next 25 years. This paper examines in detail the position of the U.S. licensing boards on the Washington Accord. It is concluded that with respect to the U.S. licensing boards, the Washington Accord has made only modest inroads in its first 25 years and needs to set a much more ambitious path for the next 25 to achieve truly reciprocal mobility.
9 Africa Groundwater Network (AGW-Net). 2015. Training manual on integration of groundwater management into transboundary basin organizations in Africa. Hanover, Germany: Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR); Harare, Zimbabwe: Africa Groundwater Network (AGW-Net); Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Computer Aided Provider Network (Cap-Net). 219p.
Groundwater management ; Groundwater extraction ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater flow ; Aquifers ; Water resources ; International waters ; River basins ; Water use ; Water balance ; Surface water ; Water allocation ; Water quality ; Water pollution ; International organizations ; Assessment ; Sustainability ; Hydrological cycle ; Monitoring ; Living standards ; Food security ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Environmental effects ; Ecosystems ; Irrigation development ; Information management ; Cost benefit analysis ; Legal aspects ; Regulations ; Licences ; Stakeholders ; Contamination ; Case studies ; Training materials / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.9104 G100 AFR Record No: H047239)
https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Zusammenarbeit/TechnZusammenarb/Politikberatung_GW/Downloads/Trainingsmanual.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=7
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047239.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047239.pdf
(5.46 MB) (5.46 MB)
10 Molle, Francois; Closas, Alvar. 2015. State regulations in groundwater management: they bark but do they bite? Paper presented at the ICID 26th Euro-Mediterranean Regional Conference and Workshops on Innovate to Improve Irrigation Performances. Theme 3: What Governance for Groundwater and Surface Water Use in Agriculture?, Montpellier, France, 12-15 October 2015. 4p.
Groundwater management ; State intervention ; Regulations ; Water governance ; Water use ; Water policy ; Groundwater extraction ; Aquifers ; Wells ; Water users ; Water rights ; Licences
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047396)
(0.45 MB) (460 KB)
Because of the logics of both colonization or de-colonization, the need to counter the anarchy of groundwater use, or the dissemination of global 'best practices' of IWRM, states have often assumed full ownership or custody of groundwater. Regulating groundwater use includes giving drilling and abstraction authorizations/licenses, establishing an inventory of wells and reducing use in existing wells. Although laws and regulations look neat and straightforward on paper, registration, regularization, and metering have been bedeviled by a host of logistical nightmares, policy contradictions, legal challenges, and vested private interests. The overall outlook is bleak and questions the overstating of state power in reordering groundwater use. Co-management with users, while in itself not sufficient to ensure success, often arises as a possible way out of the failure of state control.
11 Alba, R.; Bolding, A.; Ducrot, R. 2016. The politics of water payments and stakeholder participation in the Limpopo River Basin, Mozambique. Water Alternatives, 9(3):569-587. (Special issue: Flows and Practices: The Politics of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in southern Africa).
Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water allocation ; Water users ; User charges ; Water rights ; Water policy ; Licences ; Stakeholders ; Participation ; Smallholders ; Financing ; Irrigation schemes ; River basins ; Private sector ; Agroindustry ; State intervention ; Political aspects ; Case studies / Mozambique / Limpopo River Basin / Chokwe Irrigation Scheme / Baixo-Limpopo Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047805)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol9/v9issue3/334-a9-3-5/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047805.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047805.pdf
(0.78 MB) (796 KB)
Drawing from the experience of the Limpopo River Basin in Mozambique, the paper analyses the articulation of a water rights framework in the context of decentralised river basin governance and IWRM-inspired reforms. The nexus between financial autonomy, service provision, stakeholder participation and the resultant allocation of water within the river basin is explored by scrutinising the newly instituted system of water permits and payments. Three cases are examined: (1) parastatal agencies managing large perimeters of irrigated land; (2) large-scale commercial companies irrigating land; and (3) so-called focal points representing groups of smallholder irrigators. The three presented cases show that structural challenges, local geographies and power relations shape the final outcome of water reforms in relation to decentralised river basin management, stakeholders' participation and accountability. Rather than improving accountability to users and securing the financial basis for sustainable infrastructure operation and maintenance, the permit system in place reinforces existing inequalities.
12 Rao, Krishna C.; Kvarnstrom, E.; Di Mario, L.; Drechsel, Pay. 2016. Business models for fecal sludge management. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 80p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 06) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2016.213]
Faecal sludge ; Resource management ; Resource recovery ; Recycling ; Business management ; Models ; Waste disposal ; Desludging ; Dumping ; Sewerage ; Waste treatment ; Waste water treatment plants ; Solid wastes ; Pollution ; Composts ; Public health ; Sanitation ; Latrines ; Defaecation ; Stakeholders ; Finance ; Cost recovery ; Energy recovery ; Biogas ; Organic fertilizers ; Private enterprises ; Institutions ; Partnerships ; Licences ; Regulations ; Transport ; Septic tanks ; Nutrients ; Taxes ; Farmers ; Urban areas ; Landscape ; Household ; Incentives ; Case studies / Asia / Africa / Latin America / South Africa / Kenya / India / Rwanda / Nepal / Philippines / Lesotho / Bangladesh / Mozambique / Ghana / Senegal / Benin / Sierra Leone / Malaysia / Ethiopia / Vietnam / Mali / Sri Lanka / Burkina Faso / Peru / Haiti / Dakar / Nairobi / Maseru / Accra / Tamale / Addis Ababa / Eastern Cape / Maputo / Dhaka / Ho Chi Minh City / Hai Phong / Dumaguete / Mombasa / Kisumu / San Fernando / Bamako / Cotonou / Ouagadougou / Kigali / Bangalore / Dharwad / Balangoda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047826)
(4.75 MB)
On-site sanitation systems, such as septic tanks and pit latrines, are the predominant feature across rural and urban areas in most developing countries. However, their management is one of the most neglected sanitation challenges. While under the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the set-up of toilet systems received the most attention, business models for the sanitation service chain, including pit desludging, sludge transport, treatment and disposal or resource recovery, are only emerging. Based on the analysis of over 40 fecal sludge management (FSM) cases from Asia, Africa and Latin America, this report shows opportunities as well as bottlenecks that FSM is facing from an institutional and entrepreneurial perspective.
13 van Eeden, A.; Mehta, L.; van Koppen, Barbara. 2016. Whose waters? large-scale agricultural development and water grabbing in the Wami-Ruvu River Basin, Tanzania. Water Alternatives, 9(3):608-626. (Special issue: Flows and Practices: The Politics of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in southern Africa).
Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Agricultural development ; Large scale systems ; Water acquisitions ; Water governance ; Water users ; Water rights ; Licences ; Development policies ; Legislation ; Land acquisitions ; Investment ; State intervention ; River basins ; Upstream ; Downstream ; Private enterprises ; Sugar industry ; Biofuels ; Case studies / Tanzania / Wami-Ruvu River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047821)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol9/v9issue3/327-a9-3-12/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047821.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047821.pdf
(0.70 MB) (716 KB)
In Tanzania like in other parts of the global South, in the name of 'development' and 'poverty eradication' vast tracts of land have been earmarked by the government to be developed by investors for different commercial agricultural projects, giving rise to the contested land grab phenomenon. In parallel, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been promoted in the country and globally as the governance framework that seeks to manage water resources in an efficient, equitable and sustainable manner. This article asks how IWRM manages the competing interests as well as the diverse priorities of both large and small water users in the midst of foreign direct investment. By focusing on two commercial sugar companies operating in the Wami-Ruvu River Basin in Tanzania and their impacts on the water and land rights of the surrounding villages, the article asks whether institutional and capacity weaknesses around IWRM implementation can be exploited by powerful actors that seek to meet their own interests, thus allowing water grabbing to take place. The paper thus highlights the power, interests and alliances of the various actors involved in the governance of water resources. By drawing on recent conceptual insights from the water grabbing literature, the empirical findings suggest that the IWRM framework indirectly and directly facilitates the phenomenon of water grabbing to take place in the Wami-Ruvu River Basin in Tanzania.
14 Van Koppen , Barbara; Hellum , A.; Mehta, L.; Derman, B.; Schreiner, B. 2016. Rights-based freshwater governance for the twenty-first century: beyond an exclusionary focus on domestic water uses. In Karar, E. (Ed). Freshwater governance for the 21st century. London, UK: SpringerOpen. pp.129-143.
Freshwater ; Water governance ; Domestic water ; Water use ; Water supply ; Water allocation ; Drinking water ; Sanitation ; Human rights ; Multiple use ; Licences ; Food security ; Living standards ; Infrastructure
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047925)
(181 KB)
The UN recognition of a human right to water for drinking, personal and other domestic uses and sanitation in 2010 was a political breakthrough in states’ commitments to adopt a human rights framework in carrying out part of their mandate. This chapter explores other domains of freshwater governance in which human rights frameworks provide a robust and widely accepted set of normative values to such governance. The basis is General Comment No. 15 of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in 2002, which states that water is needed to realise a range of indivisible human rights to non-starvation, food, health, work and an adequate standard of living and also procedural rights to participation and information in water interventions. On that basis, the chapter explores concrete implications of the Comment for states’ broader infrastructure-based water services implied in the recognised need to access to infrastructure, rights to non-discrimination in public service delivery and respect of people’s own prioritisation. This implies a right to water for livelihoods with core minimum service levels for water to homesteads that meet both domestic and small-scale productive uses, so at least 50–100 l per capita per day. Turning to the state’s mandates and authority in allocating water resources, the chapter identifi es three forms of unfair treatment of smallscale users in current licence systems. As illustrated by the case of South Africa, the legal tool of “Priority General Authorisations” is proposed. This prioritises water allocation to small-scale water users while targeting and enforcing regulatory licences to the few high-impact users.
15 Kidd, M. 2017. Climate change, groundwater and the law: exploring the connections in South Africa. Water International, 42(6):678-690. (Special issue: Groundwater and Climate Change - Multi-Level Law and Policy). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2017.1351057]
Climate change ; Groundwater management ; Water law ; Legislation ; Licences ; Water resources ; Assessment ; Water pollution ; Sewage ; Acid mine drainage ; Eutrophication ; Hydraulic fracturing / South Africa / Tosca Molopo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048264)
(1.12 MB)
Projected impacts of climate change on water availability in South Africa are likely to result in the increasing use of groundwater, which is relatively underused at present. Several threats to groundwater, including acid mine drainage, pervasive water pollution (particularly from untreated sewage), and planned hydraulic fracturing will have to be addressed to protect the country’s groundwater reserves. This article considers the role that law can play in both managing groundwater and protecting it from these and other threats.
16 Closas, Alvar; Molle, Francois. 2016. Groundwater governance in Sub-Saharan Africa. [Project report of the Groundwater Governance in the Arab World - Taking Stock and Addressing the Challenges]. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 31p. (Groundwater Governance in the Arab World - Report 2)
Groundwater management ; Water governance ; Water resources ; Aquifers ; Boreholes ; Groundwater extraction ; Water law ; Legislation ; Regulations ; Licences ; Water use ; Equity ; Water policy ; Corporate culture ; Community involvement ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Social capital / Africa South of Sahara / South Africa / Kenya / Botswana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048386)
(2.06 MB)
17 Hodgson, S. 2016. Exploring the concept of water tenure. Rome, Italy: FAO. 94p. (FAO Land and Water Discussion Paper 10)
Water rights ; Water management ; Land tenure ; Natural resources ; Water supply ; Water use ; Water governance ; Legislation ; Regulations ; Licences ; Water user associations ; Human rights ; Political aspects ; Economic aspects ; Investment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048704)
(4.10 MB) (4.10 MB)
18 Molle, F.; Lopez-Gunn, E.; van Steenbergen, F. 2018. The local and national politics of groundwater overexploitation. Water Alternatives, 11(3):445-457. (Special issue: Local- and National-level Politics of Groundwater Overexploitation).
Groundwater extraction ; Political aspects ; Water governance ; Water policy ; Resource depletion ; Water resources ; Co-management ; Water use ; Wells ; Aquifers ; Legal aspects ; Licences ; Case studies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048995)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/448-a11-3-1/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048995.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048995.pdf
(0.64 MB) (656 KB)
Groundwater overexploitation is a worldwide phenomenon with important consequences and as yet few effective solutions. Work on groundwater governance often emphasises the roles of both formal state-centred policies and tools on the one hand, and self-governance and collective action on the other. Yet, empirically grounded work is limited and scattered, making it difficult to identify and characterise key emerging trends. Groundwater policy making is frequently premised on an overestimation of the power of the state, which is often seen as incapable or unwilling to act and constrained by a myriad of logistical, political and legal issues. Actors on the ground either find many ways to circumvent regulations or develop their own bricolage of patched, often uncoordinated, solutions; whereas in other cases corruption and capture occur, for example in water right trading rules, sometimes with the complicity – even bribing – of officials. Failed regulation has a continued impact on the environment and the crowding out of those lacking the financial means to continue the race to the bottom. Groundwater governance systems vary widely according to the situation, from state-centred governance to co-management and rare instances of community-centred management. The collection of papers in this issue illustrates the diversity of situations, the key role of the state, the political intricacies of achieving sustainability and establishing a mode of governance that can account for the externalities of groundwater overdraft, and the opportunities to establish cooperative arrangements.
19 van Koppen, Barbara; Schreiner, B.; Sithole, P. 2019. Decolonising peasants’ marginalisation in African water law. Journal of Water Law, 26:51-61.
Water law ; Peasant workers ; Smallholders ; Water rights ; Customary law ; Colonialism ; Water resources ; Regulations ; Legislation ; Licences ; Water authorities ; Land tenure ; Water users ; Marginalization / Africa South of Sahara / South Africa / Kenya / Malawi / Uganda / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049188)
(0.49 MB)
20 Sutrisno, E.; Jazilah, I. 2019. The licensing policy for groundwater extraction and management for hospitality industry in cities in developing countries. Water Policy, 21(4):758-767. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.087]
Groundwater extraction ; Licences ; Hospitality industry ; Developing countries ; Towns ; Water resources ; Groundwater management ; Legislation ; Water policy ; Regulations ; Government / Indonesia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049276)
(0.11 MB)
The fulfillment of water needs for living things is the responsibility of the State. State control of dealing with water is done through the arrangement and management of licenses ensuring the right of everyone to get water as a primary need. Groundwater extraction and management will be a separate issue when the legal norms do not guarantee certainty and justice for society. The Constitutional Court decision No. 85/PUU-XI/2013 dated February 18th, 2015, states that Law No. 7 of 2004 on Water Resources has no legal force. Therefore, the re-enactment of Law No. 11 of 1974 on watering gives impact to the regulation of groundwater extraction. This should meet the principles of the decision of the Constitutional Court. Governments, including local governments, have an important duty regarding groundwater management, so that the water needs can be fulfilled for all people.
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