Your search found 14 records
1 Zhensheng, L.; Zhongxiang, J. 2003. Water resources management system in Yangtze River Basin. In Yellow River Conservancy Commission. Proceedings, 1st International Yellow River Forum on River Basin Management – Volume I. Zhengzhou, China: The Yellow River Conservancy Publishing House. pp.210-216.
River basins ; Water resource management ; Institutions ; Organizations ; Water law / China / France / UK / Yangtze River Basin / Rhone / Thames
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G592 YEL Record No: H033790)
2 Sobkowiak, L. 2004. Water management strategy of China and its possible consequences for the monsoon region. In Herath, S.; Pathirana, A.; Weerakoon, S. B. (Eds.). Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Water Resources Management in the Changing Environment of the Monsoon Region. Bandaranaika Memorial International Conference Hall, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 17-19 November 2004. Vol.II. Colombo, Sri Lanka: National Water Resources Secretariat. pp.776-784.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 HER Record No: H039571)
3 Liao, Yongsong; Giordano, Mark; de Fraiture, Charlotte. 2007. An empirical analysis of the impacts of irrigation pricing reforms in China. Water Policy, 9(Supplement 1):45-60.
Irrigation management ; Cost recovery ; Water policy ; Irrigation efficiency ; Farm income ; Rice ; Wheat ; Maize ; Canals ; Water distribution ; Water user associations / China / Wudu Irrigation District / Yangtze River Basin / Jinghuiqu Irrigation District / Shijin Irrigation District / Haihe River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.4 G592 LIA, PER Record No: H040231)
4 Roost Nicolas; Cai, Xueliang; Molden, David; Cui, Y. L. 2008. Adapting to intersectoral transfers in the Zhanghe Irrigation System, China: Part I - In-system storage characteristics. Agricultural Water Management, 95(6): 698-706.
Farm ponds ; Recharge ; Hydrology ; Water storage ; Water reuse ; Remote sensing ; Irrigation canals ; Irrigation systems ; Reservoirs ; Water allocation / China / Zhanghe Irrigation System / Yangtze River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G592 ROO Record No: H040568)
The Zhanghe Irrigation System (ZIS), in Central China, has drawn attention internationally because it managed to sustain its rice production in the face of a dramatic reallocation of water to cities, industries and hydropower uses. Ponds, the small reservoirs ubiquitous in the area, are hypothesized to have been instrumental in this. Ponds are recharged by a combination of return flows from irrigation and runoff from catchment areas within the irrigated perimeter. They provide a flexible, local source of irrigation water to farmers. This paper assesses the storage capacity and some key hydrological properties of ponds in a major canal command within ZIS. Using remote sensing data (Landsat and IKONOS) and an area–volume relationship based on a field survey, we obtained an overall pond storage capacity of 96 mm (per unit irrigated area). A comparative analysis between 1978 and 2001reveals that part of this capacity results from a very significant development of ponds (particularly in the smaller range of sizes) in the time interval, probably as a response to rapidly declining canal supplies. We developed a high-resolution digital elevation model from 1:10,000 topographic maps to support a GIS-based hydrological analysis. Pond catchments were delineated and found to extensively overlap, forming hydrological cascades of up to 15 units. In a 76-km2 area within the irrigation system, we found an average of close to five ‘connected’ ponds downstream of each irrigated pixel. This high level of connectivity provides opportunities for multiple reuses of water as it flows along toposequences. A fundamental implication is that field ‘losses’ such as seepage and percolation do not necessarily represent losses at a larger scale. Such scale effects need to be adequately taken into account to avoid making wrong assumptions about water-saving interventions in irrigation.
5 Roost Nicolas; Cai, Xueliang; Turral, Hugh; Molden, David; Cui, Y. L. 2008. Adapting to intersectoral transfers in the Zhanghe Irrigation System, China: Part II – Impacts of in-system storage on water balance and productivity. Agricultural Water Management, 95(6): 685-697.
Farm ponds ; Irrigation systems ; Reservoirs ; Water balance ; Simulation models ; Rice ; Crop production ; Irrigation canals ; Groundwater ; Drainage ; Evapotranspiration ; Water distribution / China / Zhanghe Irrigation System / Yangtze River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G592 ROO Record No: H040569)
This paper investigates the impacts of farm ponds in a context of declining supplies in a major canal command within the Zhanghe Irrigation System (ZIS), in Central China. As dam supplies have been diverted to higher-valued uses (hydropower, cities and industry), farmers have responded by constructing small storages within their fields. These farm ponds have given them sufficient flexibility in water supply to practice varying forms of alternate wetting and drying irrigation for rice without compromising yields and incomes. Ponds are recharged by a combination of return flows from irrigation and runoff from catchment areas within the irrigated perimeter. Various scenarios of water supply incorporating the main reservoir, in-system reservoirs, farm ponds and irrigation practices were simulated using the OASIS model. OASIS integrates surface and groundwater flows, and contains a crop growth module to aggregate the impacts of different water management regimes. The modelling and sensitivity analysis show that further reductions in main reservoir supplies will have a negative effect on rice production in dry and average years, and that ponds have played a crucial role in adapting agriculture to reduced canal supplies. The flexibility allowed by the ponds has resulted in increased water productivity, except in high rainfall years, but net depletion has not decreased, as local supplies have substituted for water from the main reservoir. The study demonstrates the importance of properly accounting for return flows and the necessity to understand crop production in relation to the actual depletion of water (as evapotranspiration) within an irrigation system.
6 Loeve, R.; Dong, B.; Hong, L.; Chen, C. D.; Zhang, S.; Barker, R. 2007. Transferring water from irrigation to higher valued uses: a case study of the Zhanghe Irrigation System in China. Paddy and Water Environment, 5(4): 263-269.
Water allocation ; Water transfer ; Irrigation water ; Water rates ; Prices ; Reservoirs ; Water supply ; Farm ponds / China / Hubei Province / Yangtze River Basin / Zhanghe Irrigation System
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G000 BAR Record No: H040998)
7 Molden, David. 2008. Increasing the productivity of irrigation systems in China. id21 Natural Resources Highlights 6 - Water, 6: 1.
Irrigation systems ; Productivity ; Rivers ; Water storage ; Water allocation ; Groundwater ; Supplemental irrigation ; Policy / China / Yellow River Basin / Yangtze River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G592 MOL Record No: H041026)
8 World Bank. 2009. Convenient solutions to an inconvenient truth: ecosystem based approaches to climate change. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, Environment Department. 91p.
Ecosystems ; Climate change ; Biodiversity ; Habitats ; Afforestation ; Forest management ; Watershed Management ; Wetlands ; Grasslands ; Energy resources ; Water power ; Biofuels ; Renewable energy ; Coastal area ; Mangroves ; Coral reefs ; Fisheries ; Food Security ; Tanks ; Highlands ; Land Management ; Water Supply / Africa / South Africa / Namibia / Madagascar / Asia / Mongolia / China / Latin America / Caribbean / Colombia / Mexico / Kenya / Mali / Trinidad / Tobago / Yemen / India / Indonesia / Philippines / Laos / Sumatra / Middle East / Costa Rica / Peru / Andes / Pearl River / Bokkeveld Plateau / Danube Wetlands / Yangtze River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H034804)
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2009/07/08/000333037_20090708013334/Rendered/PDF/493130ESW0whit10Box338946B01PUBLIC1.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H034804.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H034804.pdf
(2.34 MB)
9 Huitema, D.; Meijerink, S. (Eds.) 2009. Water policy entrepreneurs: a research companion to water transitions around the globe. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. 411p.
Water policy ; Water resource management ; Water governance ; River basin management ; Water user associations ; Participatory management ; Canals ; Irrigation management ; Floodplains ; Rehabilitation ; Rural development ; Water power ; Case studies ; Groundwater ; Water law ; Domestic water ; Pricing / USA / Mexico / Indonesia / China / India / Thailand / Australia / South Africa / Tanzania / Hungary / Turkey / Spain / Sweden / Germany / Netherlands / Europe / Upper Ping River Basin / Tisza River / Yangtze River Basin / Rhine River Basin / Murray Darling River Basin / Orange River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 HUI Record No: H042983)
(0.34 MB)
10 Wang, R.; Ren, H.; Ouyang, Z. (Eds.) 2000. China water vision: the eco-sphere of water, life, environment and development. Beijing, China: China Meteorological Press. 178p.
Water resources ; Environmental effects ; Water stress ; Water security ; Water pollution ; Water use ; Irrigation water ; Ecosystems ; Economic aspects ; Models ; Wastewater treatment ; Flooding ; Drought / China / Yangtze River Basin / Yellow River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G592 WAN Record No: H043798)
(0.13 MB)
11 Qiao, X.; Schmidt, A. H.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, H.; Chen, X.; Xiang, R.; Tang, Y.; Wang, W. 2021. Surface water quality in the upstream-most megacity of the Yangtze River Basin (Chengdu): 2000–2019 trends, the COVID-19 lockdown effects, and water governance implications. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 10:100118. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2021.100118]
Surface water ; Water quality ; Water management ; River basins ; Water governance ; COVID-19 ; Urban areas ; Water pollution ; Faecal coliforms ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Economic growth ; Downstream ; Monitoring / China / Yangtze River Basin / Chengdu / Sichuan Basin / Min Basin / Tuo Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050539)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972721000192/pdfft?md5=019ccf161166ca9e1fe600744729056a&pid=1-s2.0-S2665972721000192-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050539.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050539.pdf
(2.99 MB) (2.99 MB)
Water is essential for a sustainable economic prosperity, but rapid economic growth and intensive agricultural activities usually cause water pollution. The middle and lower reaches of China’s Yangtze River Basin were urbanized and industrialized much earlier than the upper reach and have been suffering from water pollution. In the past two decades, economic growth accelerated in the upper reach due to several national economic initiatives. Based on analyzing water quality changes from 2000 to 2019 and during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 for Chengdu in the upper reach, we hope to provide some water governance suggestions. In 2019, water at 66% of 93 sites in Chengdu did not achieve the national III standards using measurements of 23 water quality parameters. The top two pollutants were total nitrogen (TN) and fecal coliform (FC). From 2000 to 2019, water quality was not significantly improved at the non-background sites of Chengdu's Min Basin, and the pollution in this basin was mainly from local pollutants release. During the same period, water quality deteriorated in Chengdu’s Tuo Basin, where pollution was the result of pollutant discharges in Chengdu in addition to inter-city pollutant transport. During the COVID-19 lockdown, water quality generally improved in the Min Basin but not in the Tuo Basin. A further investigation on which pollution sources were shut down or not during the lockdown can help make pollution reduction targets. Based on the results, we provide suggestions to strengthen inter-jurisdictional and inter-institutional cooperation, water quality monitoring and evaluation, and ecological engineering application.
12 Grainger, S.; Dessai, S.; Daron, J.; Taylor, A.; Siu, Y. L. 2022. Using expert elicitation to strengthen future regional climate information for climate services. Climate Services, 26:100278. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2021.100278]
Climate services ; Climate change adaptation ; Assessment ; Climate models ; Forecasting ; Uncertainty ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Estimation ; Decision making ; Policies ; Case studies / China / Yangtze River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051141)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405880721000662/pdfft?md5=130324d710cc308c98a52159da19e98f&pid=1-s2.0-S2405880721000662-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051141.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051141.pdf
(5.74 MB) (5.74 MB)
Climate change knowledge can inform regional and local adaptation decisions. However, estimates of future climate are uncertain and methods for assessing uncertainties typically rely on the results of climate model simulations, which are constrained by the quality of assumptions used in model experiments and the limitations of available models. To strengthen scientific knowledge for climate services and climate change adaptation decisions, we explore the use of structured expert elicitation to assess future regional climate change. Using the Lower Yangtze region in China as a case study, we elicit judgements from six experts on future changes in temperature and precipitation as well as uncertainty sources, and compare it with climate model outputs from the Couple Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). We find high consensus amongst experts that the Lower Yangtze region will be warmer in the coming decades, albeit with differences in the magnitude of change. There is less consensus about the direction and magnitude of future precipitation change. Compared with CMIP5 climate model outputs, experts provide similar or narrower uncertainty ranges for temperature change and very different uncertainty ranges for precipitation. Experts considered additional factors (e.g. model credibility, observations, theory and paleo-climatic evidence) and uncertainties not usually represented in conventional modelling approaches. We argue that, in context of regional climate information provision, expert-elicited judgements can characterise less predictable, or less explored, elements of the climate system and expert-elicited reasoning provides additional information and knowledge that is absent from modelling approaches. We discuss the value in bringing together multiple lines of evidence, arguing that expert elicited information can complement model information to strengthen regional climate change knowledge and help in building dialogue between climate experts and regional stakeholders, as part of a more complete climate service.
13 Sheng, J.; Xin, J.; Tang, W. 2022. The unintended effects of inter-basin water transfer policies on corporate research and development activities. Water Policy, 24(9):1497-1515. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2022.055]
River basins ; Transfer of waters ; Water policies ; Research and development ; Water scarcity ; Environmental factors ; Regulations ; Water quality ; Sewage ; Local government ; Towns / China / Yangtze River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051357)
https://iwaponline.com/wp/article-pdf/24/9/1497/1115296/024091497.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051357.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051357.pdf
(0.76 MB) (782 KB)
Inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) policies alter the spatial distribution of water endowments and trigger changes in environmental regulation policies, which may unintentionally impact the research and development (R&D) activities in IBWT water-receiving areas. However, the existing studies failed to examine the relationship between IBWT policies and corporate R&D activities, and lacked the exploration of the micro-mechanism of IBWT's unintended impact on corporate R&D activities. Through the water delivery of China's South-North Water Transfer Project as a quasi-natural experiment, this study adopts a difference-in-differences approach to scrutinise the unintended impact of IBWT policies on corporate R&D activities. The findings show that IBWT policies can make the water a ‘resource blessing’ by directly improving the water endowment in water-receiving areas, thereby promoting corporate R&D activities. In addition, IBWT policies can also indirectly encourage local governments in water-receiving areas to strengthen the intensity of environmental regulations, ultimately promoting companies to improve R&D activities. Finally, the impacts of IBWT policies on corporate R&D activities in water-receiving areas are heterogeneous. Overall, this study contributes to understanding the complicated relationship between IBWT policies and corporate R&D activities, and provides insights into how IBWT policies affect corporate R&D activities.
14 Bai, P; Guo, X. 2023. Development of a 60-year high-resolution water body evaporation dataset in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 334:109428. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109428]
Evapotranspiration ; Datasets ; Lakes ; Models ; Hydrological cycle ; Uncertainty ; Water balance ; Precipitation ; Water reservoirs ; Water temperature / China / Songhuajiang and Liaohe River Basin / Haihe River Basin / Yellow River Basin / Huaihe River Basin / Yangtze River Basin / Southeast River Basin / Pearl River Basin / Southwest River Basin / Northwest River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051845)
(10.90 MB)
Evaporation from water bodies (Ew) is a critical component of the global water cycle. However, existing evaporation products that include Ew often suffer from drawbacks such as coarse resolution, short time span, and high uncertainty. This study developed a 60-year (1960–2019) high-resolution (0.05º×0.05º) evaporation dataset for small shallow water bodies in China based on the Penman model. Two key factors affecting the accuracy of the Penman model were considered: the uncertainty of the empirical wind function and changes in heat storage in the water body. Specifically, we used large-size (20 or 100 m2) pan evaporation (Epan) observations from 21 sites as a benchmark to correct the wind function of the Penman model. A data-driven model was then developed to map the spatial distribution of the wind function coefficients across China. The corrected wind function significantly improved the accuracy of Epan estimates compared to the original wind function, with the Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) increased by 0.05~0.10. To model the effect of heat storage changes on evaporation, an equilibrium temperature method was used. We also introduced an area-dependent scaling factor into the wind function to account for the effect of water body's size on Ew estimation. The reliability of the Ew algorithm was tested on two lakes using eddy-covariance flux observations, and simulations showed good agreement with observations. The Epan (20 m2 pan) dataset and its two components calculated from the radiative and aerodynamic terms of the Penman model can be accessed at https://osf.io/qd28m/. Users can utilize the two Epan components and the area-dependent scaling factor to estimate evaporation for water bodies of varying sizes. However, caution is needed when applying this dataset to deep water bodies, as it is designed for shallow water bodies.
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