Your search found 5 records
1 Kondo, M.; Murty, M. V. R.; Aragones, D. V.; Okada, K.; Winn, T.; Kwak, K. S. 1999. Characteristics of the root system and water uptake in upland rice. In Ito, O.; O'Toole, J.; Hardy, B. (Eds.), Genetic improvement of rice for water-limited environments. Los Baños, Philippines: IRRI. pp.117-131.
Rice ; Plant growth ; Soil-water-plant relationships ; Drought ; Environmental effects ; Water stress ; Water scarcity
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 633.18 G000 ITO Record No: H026445)
2 Murty, M. V. R.; Singh, P.; Wani, S. P.; Khairwal, I. S.; Srinivas, K. 2007. Yield gap analysis of sorghum and pearl millet in India using simulation modeling. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Colombo, Sri Lanka: Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. 76p. (Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report 37)
Cereals ; Sorghum ; Millets ; Forage ; Fodder ; Rainfed farming ; Supplemental irrigation ; Yields ; Soil resources ; Water balance ; Simulation models / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 633.2 G631 MUR Record No: H040822)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/files_new/publications/ICRISATReport%2037.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H040822.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H040822.pdf
Sorghum and pearl millet are the staple cereals and important source of fodder for animals in the semi-arid and arid parts of India. In the present study, we have: a) characterized the distribution of sorghum and pearl millet in different production zones in India; b) estimated their rainfed potential, achievable and current levels of farmers’ yields; c) quantified the gaps between farmers’ yields and rainfed potential yields; and d) suggested ways to abridge the yield gaps. Using CERES-sorghum and CERES-pearl millet crop growth models and historical weather data, rainfed potential yields and water balance of sorghum (kharif and rabi) and pearl millet were estimated for selected locations in different production zones. Simulated yields were supplemented with the research station yields of rainfed trials and yields of frontline demonstrations, both obtained from the reports of the All India Coordinated Crop Improvement Projects on Sorghum and Pearl Millet. District level yields were considered as farmers’ yields. Based on these data, the yield gaps at various management levels were estimated. The farmers’ average yield was 970 kg ha-1 for kharif sorghum, 590 kg ha-1 for rabi sorghum and 990 kg ha-1 for pearl millet. Simulated rainfed potential yield in different production zones ranged from 3210 to 3410 kg ha-1 for kharif sorghum, 1000 to 1360 kg ha-1 for rabi sorghum and 1430 to 2090 kg ha-1 for pearl millet. Total yield gap (simulated rainfed potential yield - farmers’ yield) in production zones ranged from 2130 to 2560 kg ha-1 for kharif sorghum, 280 to 830 kg ha-1 for rabi sorghum and 680 to 1040 kg ha-1 for pearl millet. This indicates that productivity of kharif sorghum can be increased 3.0 to 4.0 times, rabi sorghum 1.4 to 2.7 times and pearl millet 1.8 to 2.3 times from their current levels of productivity. To abridge the yield gaps of sorghum and pearl millet, integrated watershed-based approach encompassing harvesting of excess rainfall for supplemental irrigation, growing high yielding crop cultivars, integrated nutrient management and integrated pest and disease management would be required. Value addition of products and their multiple uses are necessary to make them more remunerative for the farmers. This publication is part of the research project “Comprehensive Assessment of Water Scarcity and Food Security in Tropical Rainfed Water Scarcity System: A Multi-level Assessment of Existing Conditions, Response Options and Future Potentials” funded by the Government of Netherlands and ICRISAT.
3 Singh, P.; Aggarwal, P. K.; Bhatia, V. S.; Murty, M. V. R.; Pala, M.; Oweis, T.; Benli, B.; Rao, K. P. C.; Wani, S. P. 2009. Yield gap analysis: modelling of achievable yields at farm level. In Wani, S. P.; Rockstrom, J.; Oweis, T. (Eds.). Rainfed agriculture: unlocking the potential. Wallingford, UK: CABI; Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.81-123. (Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture Series 7)
Yield gap ; Analysis ; Cereals ; Rainfed farming ; Crop yield ; Oilseeds ; Crop production / Asia / Africa / India / Thailand / Vietnam / Syria / South Africa / Morocco / Niger / Kenya / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.586 G000 WAN Record No: H041995)
4 Clement, Floriane; Haileslassie, A.; Ishaq, Saba; Blummel, M.; Murty, M. V. R.; Samad, Madar; Dey, S.; Das, H.; Khan, M. A. 2011. Enhancing water productivity for poverty alleviation: role of capitals and institutions in the Ganga Basin. Experimental Agriculture, 47(Supplement S1):133-151. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479710000827]
River basins ; Water productivity ; Farming systems ; Crop production ; Livestock ; Farmers ; Landlessness ; Poverty ; Case studies ; Irrigated farming / India / Ganga River Basin / Bankura District / Hisar / Basra Village / Chatinbaid Village / Jhagradihi Village / Lakhipur Village / Udaypur Village
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043506)
(0.30 MB)
The concept of water productivity (WP) or ‘more crop per drop’ has been revived recently in international water debates. Its application has notably been extended from single crops to mixed farming systems, integrating both crops and livestock, with the wider objective of reducing poverty. Using evidence from the Ganga Basin, India, we discuss the relevance of this concept as a tool to guide interventions for livelihood improvement and poverty alleviation. We argue that WP studies would benefit from greater attention to the role of capitals, inequities and institutions. Firstly, it is crucial to acknowledge the heterogeneity of capitals and capabilities of farmers to make changes in their farming systems and practices and avoid one-fix-all interventions. Identifying pre-existing inequities in water access within and among communities will support better targeting of poor communities. WP interventions can either reinforce or reduce inter-household inequities within communities. We stress the need for assessment of institutional impacts of WP interventions on water access and development.
5 Haileslassie, A.; Blummel, M.; Clement, Floriane; Descheemaeker, Katrien; Amede, Tilahun; Samireddypalle, A.; Acharya, N. Sreedhar; Radha, A. Venkata; Ishaq, Saba; Samad, Madar; Murty, M. V. R.; Khan, M. A. 2011. Assessment of the livestock-feed and water nexus across a mixed crop-livestock system's intensification gradient: an example from the Indo-Ganga Basin. Experimental Agriculture, 47(Supplement S1):113-132. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479710000815]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043518)
(0.35 MB)
Projections suggest that annual per capita water availability in the Indo-Ganga Basin (IGB) will reduce to a level typical for water-stressed areas. Producing more crop and livestock products, per unit of agricultural water invested, is advocated as a key strategy for future food production and environmental security in the basin. The objective of this study was to understand the spatio-temporal dynamics of water requirements for livestock feed production, attendant livestock water productivity (LWP) and implications for the future sustainable use of water resources. We focused on three districts in the IGB representing intensive (higher external inputs, e.g. fertilizer, water) and semi-intensive (limited external input) crop-livestock systems. LWP is estimated based on principles of water accounting and is defined as the ratio of livestock beneficial outputs and services to the water depleted and degraded in producing these. In calculating LWP and crop water productivity (CWP), livestock, land use, land productivity and climatic data were required. We used secondary data sources from the study districts, field observations and discussions with key informants to generate those data sets. Our result showed that the volume of water depleted for livestock feed production varied among the study systems and was highly affected by the type of feed and the attendant agronomic factors (e.g. cropping pattern, yield). LWP value was higher for intensive systems and affected by agricultural water partitioning approaches (harvest index, metaolizable energy). LWP tended to decrease between 1992 and 2003. This can be accounted for by the shift to a feeding regime that depletes more water despite its positive impacts on animal productivity. This is a challenging trend with the advent of and advocacy for producing more agricultural products using the same or lower volume of water input and evokes a need for balanced feeding, by considering the nutritive value, costs and water productivity of feed, and better livestock management to improve LWP.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
