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1 Noble, Andrew; ul Hassan, Mehmood; Kazbekov, Jusipbek. 2005. “Bright spots” in Uzbekistan, reversing land and water degradation while improving livelihoods: key developments and sustaining ingredients for transition economies of the former Soviet Union. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). vi, 35p. (IWMI Research Report 088) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.089]
Irrigated farming ; Water quality ; Drainage ; Soil fertility ; Crop yield ; Investment / Uzbekistan / Bukhara Province / Zarafshan River / Dijzzakh Province / Syrdarya Province
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G782 NOB Record No: H036941)
(482KB)
Following the dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the collapse of existing trade arrangements, the newly independent states of Central Asia were left with the task of developing their own independent market economies. The region has undergone tremendous economic and social changes including significant agricultural reform mainly targeted at privatizing large collective farms that were established during the Soviet era. These reforms include the establishment of smaller private and cooperative farms in order to improve the efficiency and equity of existing production systems. Within Uzbekistan, this move to privatize farms has, in the majority of cases, led to declining productivity and net incomes. However, there have been instances where privatized farms and smaller collectives have been able to capitalize on these changes and perform at levels exceeding the norm. This Report identifies the key attributes of these successful farms that have been termed ''bright'' spots.
2 Wang, M.; Chen, X.; Sidike, A.; Cao, L.; DeMaeyer, P.; Kurban, A. 2021. Optimal allocation of surface water resources at the provincial level in the Uzbekistan Region of the Amudarya River Basin. Water, 13(11):1446. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13111446]
Surface water ; Water resources ; Water allocation ; River basins ; Water demand ; Water supply ; Water distribution ; Water use ; Livestock ; Irrigation ; Ecology ; Canals ; Economic aspects ; Models ; Optimization / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Amudarya River Basin / Aral Sea / Kashkadarya River / Zarafshan River / Bukhara / Samarkand / Navoiy / Khorezm / Karakalpakstan / Karshi Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050536)
(2.31 MB) (2.31 MB)
Water users in the Amudarya River Basin in Uzbekistan are suffering severe water use competition and uneven water allocation, which seriously threatens ecosystems, as shown, for example, in the well-known Aral Sea catastrophe. This study explores the optimized water allocation schemes in the study area at the provincial level under different incoming flow levels, based on the current water distribution quotas among riparian nations, which are usually ignored in related research. The optimization model of the inexact two-stage stochastic programming method is used, which is characterized by probability distributions and interval values. Results show that (1) water allocation is redistributed among five different sectors. Livestock, industrial, and municipality have the highest water allocation priority, and water competition mainly exists in the other two sectors of irrigation and ecology; (2) water allocation is redistributed among six different provinces, and allocated water only in Bukhara and Khorezm can satisfy the upper bound of water demand; (3) the ecological sector can receive a guaranteed water allocation of 8.237–12.354 km3; (4) under high incoming flow level, compared with the actual water distribution, the total allocated water of four sectors (except for ecology) is reduced by 3.706 km3 and total economic benefits are increased by USD 3.885B.
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