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1 Joshi, Deepa; Panagiotou, A.; Bisht, Meera; Udalagama, Upandha; Schindler, Alexandra. 2023. Digital ethnography? Our experiences in the use of SenseMaker for understanding gendered climate vulnerabilities amongst marginalized agrarian communities. Sustainability, 15(9):7196. (Special issue: Gender and Socially-Inclusive Approaches to Technology for Climate Action) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097196]
Ethnography ; Climate change ; Vulnerability ; Communities ; Marginalization ; Gender ; Women ; Agriculture ; Transdisciplinary research ; Technology ; Social aspects / India / Bihar / Gaya
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051885)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7196/pdf?version=1682494939
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051885.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051885.pdf
(1.64 MB) (1.64 MB)
Digital innovations and interventions can potentially revolutionize agri-food systems, especially in coping with climate challenges. On a similar note, digital research tools and methods are increasingly popular for the efficient collection and analysis of real-time, large-scale data. It is claimed that these methods can also minimize subjective biases that are prevalent in traditional qualitative research. However, given the digital divide, especially affecting women and marginalized communities, these innovations could potentially introduce further disparities. To assess these contradictions, we piloted SenseMaker, a digital ethnography tool designed to capture individual, embodied experiences, biases, and perceptions to map vulnerabilities and resilience to climate impacts in the Gaya District in Bihar. Our research shows that this digital tool allows for a systematic co-design of the research framework, allows for the collection of large volumes of data in a relatively short time, and a co-analysis of the research data by the researchers and the researched. This process allowed us to map and capture the complexities of intersectional inequalities in relation to climate change vulnerability. However, we also noted that the application of the tool is influenced by the prior exposure to technology (digital devices) of both the enumerators and researched groups and requires significant resources when implemented in contexts where there is a need to translate the data from local dialects and languages to more dominant languages (English). Most importantly, perceptions, positionalities, and biases of researchers can significantly impact the design of the tool’s signification framework, reiterating the fact that researcher bias persists regardless of technological innovations in research methodology.
2 Schindler, Alexandra; Singh, Radhika; Adam-Bradford, A.; Laauwen, M.; Ruckstuhl, Sandra. 2023. Anticipatory action in communities hosting refugees and internally displaced persons: an assessment of current approaches. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 24p. (IWMI Working Paper 212) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2024.200]
Refugees ; Internally displaced persons ; Communities ; Vulnerability ; Frameworks ; Food security ; Land ; Water systems ; Disaster preparedness ; Climate change ; Resilience ; Disaster risk reduction ; Mitigation ; Strategies ; Extreme weather events ; Flooding ; Drought ; Storms ; Cyclones ; Forecasting ; Early warning systems ; Fragility ; Conflicts ; Migration ; Assessment ; Policies ; Livelihoods ; Humanitarian organizations ; Case studies / Sahel / Nigeria / Bangladesh / Chad / Burkina Faso / Niger
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052491)
(1.03 MB)
This paper is a global literature review of anticipatory action approaches in communities hosting forcibly displaced persons. Anticipatory action, or a set of actions taken to prevent or mitigate a potential disaster before acute impacts are felt, is an essential strategy to reduce the impacts of climate change and extreme weather events. However, due to the complexity and diversity of host community environments, it has proven challenging to incorporate this approach into these contexts. This paper provides a review of the available data on water- and climate-related vulnerabilities in host communities to inform and strengthen anticipatory action approaches and climate adaptation initiatives. It also supports future research for the development of a replicable and scalable mixed-methods model called the Integrated Host Community Vulnerability Framework (IHCVF). This paper starts with a background and technical overview of anticipatory action as it is currently implemented by humanitarian and development organizations. This overview highlights the lack of research on how anticipatory action can take into account the specific vulnerabilities of host communities. The paper then provides a detailed definition of host communities, a term the authors use to refer to the context, institutions and structures within which forcibly displaced persons live, and encompasses both the hosts and the displaced. Finally, it reviews the early stages of development of the IHCVF, including operational needs, specific vulnerabilities to consider, and current gaps in the field that need to be covered with future research. Next, the paper analyzes the types of water- and climate-related vulnerabilities in host communities, and the anticipatory action approaches that organizations are undertaking in those communities, using case studies from Bangladesh, Nigeria and Sahel. The data from these case studies show how existing host community vulnerabilities and food, land and water-related stresses can compound disasters for hosts and forcibly displaced people when impacted by extreme weather events, conflict, disease outbreaks, and food insecurity. Finally, this paper ends with a few conclusions about gaps in the data, including a lack of anticipatory action strategies that prioritize long-term outcomes such as resilience building and adaptation, and the need for guidance on how to better implement anticipatory action and forecast-based humanitarian action in conflict situations. It recommends further research on water- and climate-related vulnerabilities in communities hosting forcibly displaced people to provide practical guidance to inform future programming.
3 Adam-Bradford, A.; Schindler, Alexandra; Anagreh, Abdullah; Ruckstuhl, Sandra. 2023. The multiple challenges from climate change, urbanization and forced displacement in Irbid Governorate, northwest Jordan. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Fragility, Conflict, and Migration. 8p.
Climate change ; Urbanization ; Refugees ; Flooding ; Solid wastes ; Rainfall patterns ; Drought ; Communities ; Disaster risk management / Jordan / Bani Kenanah / Zarqa / Amman / Irbid
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052549)
(9.27 MB)
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