Your search found 62 records
1 CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 2018. River deltas: scaling up community-driven approaches to sustainable intensification. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 12p. (Towards Sustainable Intensification: Insights and Solutions Brief 7) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.206]
Sustainability ; Intensification ; Local communities ; Community involvement ; Rivers ; Deltas ; Sea level ; Salt water intrusion ; Infrastructure ; Local government ; Living standards ; Ecosystem services ; Women’s participation ; Youth ; Water management ; Water institutions ; Water pollution ; Equity ; Crop production ; Participatory rural appraisal ; Agroecology ; Intervention ; Diversification ; Land use / India / Bangladesh / China / Myanmar / Thailand / Cambodia / Vietnam / Lao People’s Democratic Republic
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048502)
(2 MB)
The residents of the Ganges and Mekong River deltas face serious challenges from rising sea levels, saltwater intrusion, pollution from upstream sources, growing populations, and infrastructure that no longer works as planned. In both deltas, scientists working for nearly two decades with communities, local governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have demonstrated the potential to overcome these challenges and substantially improve people’s livelihoods. There are cost-effective solutions to improving the totality of ecosystem services and market opportunities for young women and men.
2 Garrick, D. E.; Hall, J. W.; Dobson, A.; Damania, R.; Grafton, R. Q.; Hope, R.; Hepburn, C.; Bark, R.; Boltz, F.; De Stefano, L.; O’Donnell, E.; Matthews, N.; Money, A. 2017. Valuing water for sustainable development. Science, 358(6366):1003-1005. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao4942]
Water resources ; Economic value ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Water governance ; Water management ; Water institutions ; Water policy ; Research ; Decision making ; Measurement
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048524)
(1.09 MB)
Achieving universal, safely managed water and sanitation services by 2030, as envisioned by the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, is projected to require capital expenditures of USD 114 billion per year (1). Investment on that scale, along with accompanying policy reforms, can be motivated by a growing appreciation of the value of water. Yet our ability to value water, and incorporate these values into water governance, is inadequate. Newly recognized cascading negative impacts of water scarcity, pollution, and flooding underscore the need to change the way we value water (2). With the UN/World Bank High Level Panel on Water having launched the Valuing Water Initiative in 2017 to chart principles and pathways for valuing water, we see a global opportunity to rethink the value of water. We outline four steps toward better valuation and management (see the box), examine recent advances in each of these areas, and argue that these four steps must be integrated to overcome the barriers that have stymied past efforts.
3 Re, V.; Misstear, B. 2018. Education and capacity development for groundwater resources management. In Villholth Karen G.; Lopez-Gunn, E.; Conti, K.; Garrido, A.; Van Der Gun, J. (Eds.). Advances in groundwater governance. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press. pp.215-230.
Groundwater management ; Water resources ; Water institutions ; Capacity building ; Education ; Training ; Learning ; Socioeconomic environment ; Nongovernmental organizations ; Policy making ; Scientists
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048549)
4 Kumar, M. D. 2018. Institutions and policies governing groundwater development, use and management in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. In Villholth Karen G.; Lopez-Gunn, E.; Conti, K.; Garrido, A.; Van Der Gun, J. (Eds.). Advances in groundwater governance. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press. pp.443-461.
Groundwater development ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater irrigation ; Water governance ; Water policy ; Water institutions ; Water use ; Water law ; Water rights ; Water level ; Corporate culture ; Landscape ; Eelectricity supplies ; Agricultural sector ; Subsidies ; Resource depletion / India / West Bengal / Punjab / Uttar Pradesh / Indo-Gangetic Plains
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048560)
5 Koundouri, P.; Akinsete, E.; Englezos, N.; Kartala, X. I.; Souliotis, I.; Adler, J. 2018. Economic instruments, behaviour and incentives in groundwater management. In Villholth Karen G.; Lopez-Gunn, E.; Conti, K.; Garrido, A.; Van Der Gun, J. (Eds.). Advances in groundwater governance. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press. pp.157-175.
Groundwater management ; Water resources ; Water governance ; Water quality ; Water institutions ; Water policy ; Economic aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048546)
6 Nishy, P.; Saroja, R. 2018. A scientometric examination of the water quality research in India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190(4):1-13. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6601-y]
Water quality ; Research ; Analytical methods ; Indicators ; Evaluation techniques ; Water pollution ; Contamination ; Publications ; Journals ; Water institutions ; International cooperation ; Scientists / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048605)
(1.15 MB)
Water quality has emerged as a fast-developing research area. Regular assessment of research activity is necessary for the successful R&D promotion. Water quality research work carried out in different countries increased over the years, and the USA ranked first in productivity while India stands in the seventh position in quantity and occupies the ninth position in quality of the research output. India observes a steady growth in the water quality research. Four thousand six hundred sixteen articles from India assessed from the aspect of citations received distributions of source countries, institutes, journals, impact factor, words in the title, author keywords. The qualitative and quantitative analysis identifies the contributions of the major institutions involved in research. Much of the country’s water quality research is carried out by universities, public research institutions and science councils, whereas the contribution from Ministry of water resources not so significant. A considerable portion of Indian research is communicated through foreign journals, and the most active one is Environmental Monitoring and Assessment journal. Twenty-one percent of work is reported in journals published from India and around 7% ages in open access journals. The study highlights that international collaborative research resulted in high-quality papers. The authors meticulously analyse the published research works to gain a deeper understanding of focus areas through word cluster analyses on title words and keywords. When many papers deal with ‘contamination’, ‘assessment’ and ‘treatment’, enough studies done on ‘water quality index’, ‘toxicity’, considerable work is carried out in environmental, agricultural, industrial and health problems related to water quality. This detailed scientometric study from 1,09,766 research works from SCI-E during 1986–2015 plots the trends and identifies research hotspots for the benefit to scientists in the subject area. This study comprehends the magnitude of water quality research also establishes future research directions using various scientometric indicators.
7 Humphreys, E.; Schwartz, K. 2018. In the shadow of the city: financing water infrastructure in small towns in Burkina Faso. Water Policy, 20(S1):69-83. (Special issue: Water Services in Small Towns - Experiences from the Global South). [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.005]
Water resources development ; Public finance ; Water supply ; Infrastructure ; Towns ; Rural areas ; Water institutions ; Corporate culture ; Water user associations ; Municipal governments ; Central government ; Expenditure ; Projects ; Partnerships ; Donors ; Funding ; Case studies / Burkina Faso / Hounde / Komsilga / Banfora / Moussodougou
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048708)
(0.25 MB)
The abundant praise awarded for the development of the urban water services sector in Burkina Faso stands in stark contrast with the development of the rural water services sector. This article examines the funding of water infrastructure in four small villages in Burkina Faso. The article finds that public funding for water infrastructure for these municipalities is largely nonexistent. First of all, central government makes very little funding available for rural areas. Funding that is made available is then also prioritized for regions that already are relatively well covered. Secondly, the municipalities themselves also prioritize other sectors over the water sector for the investment of locally generated revenue. As a result, these municipalities rely on donor funding for developing water supply in their villages. This dependence not only leaves these municipalities vulnerable to shifts in donor funding but can also lead to inequalities as some municipalities are better at attracting donor funds than others. Some small towns are thus confronted with a double bias. First an urban bias in which the majority of public finance goes to urban centres. Second, by a donor-bias in which some towns are favoured for project implementation due to favourable site characteristics.
8 Mellah, T. 2018. Effectiveness of the water resources allocation institution in Tunisia. Water Policy, 20(2):429-445. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.067]
Water resources ; Water allocation ; Water institutions ; Water use efficiency ; Water users ; Watersheds ; Water supply ; Regulations ; Institutional reform ; Performance evaluation ; Sustainability ; Social aspects ; Case studies / Tunisia / Ichkeul Watershed / Buherthma Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048710)
(0.35 MB)
This paper examines the water allocation system and its effects on water use, users’ behavior and on the country’s achievement of desirable goals. It investigates efficiency, equity, and sustainability issues that arise under this allocation rule. The current allocation system functions according to a queuing system of priorities, where the urban allocation is found to be the most efficient and least risky allocation, while the ecological sector bears the highest degree of climate risk variability. The rule of priority is applied to crops as well; the non-strategic crops have the least efficient and riskiest allocation. The current system allows the country to secure drinking water supply, but it does not create sufficient incentives for entitlement holders that have priority to increase their water use efficiency, does not guarantee ecosystem health and integrity and does not equally distribute the risk among users. An institutional reform is especially relevant to improve water use performance in the agriculture sector and the country’s ability to manage drought. The nonpriority system that allows farmers to exchange their water-use entitlement might increase social welfare of water use.
9 Xie, L.; Rahaman, M. M.; Shen, W. 2018. When do institutions work?: a comparison of two water disputes over the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna river basins. Water Policy, 20(2):308-322. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.149]
Water resources ; Water management ; Water institutions ; Conflicts ; River basins ; International waters ; International cooperation ; Political aspects ; International agreements ; Case studies / India / Bangladesh / China / Ganges River Basin / Brahmaputra River Basin / Meghna River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048715)
(0.21 MB)
This article investigates the motives and incentives that drive countries’ diplomatic efforts in water disputes. It aims to identify links between the formation of water management institutions (WMIs) and the outcomes of such institutional cooperation. Three features have been identified as key to the effectiveness of WMIs: (1) the development of trust; (2) sanctions aimed at curbing cheating; and (3) the balancing of different countries’ interests over shared waters. This article conducts a comparative analysis of the formation of institutional arrangements among three riparian states by focusing on two cases: water interactions between China and India, and between India and Bangladesh. It argues that India, China and Bangladesh have exhibited different preferences in regard to their participation in WMIs. The two cases illustrate how different WMIs are formed and also how, in proportion to variations in the level of competition over water quantity, diplomatic cooperation through environmental agreements can lead to different outcomes with varying degrees of success. This article concludes that in the context of the global South, where foreign relations are unstable and countries’ reliance on river basins varied, building trust and balancing interests over water management are especially important to the formation of effective institutional arrangements.
10 Schreiner, B.; Mohapi, N.; van Koppen, Barbara. 2004. Washing away poverty: water, democracy and gendered poverty eradication in South Africa. Natural Resources Forum, 28:171-178.
Poverty ; Gender ; Women ; Water policy ; Water law ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water institutions ; Water user associations ; Water supply ; Political aspects ; Democracy ; Economic aspects ; Equity ; Catchment areas ; Irrigation schemes / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048776)
This article discusses ways in which the South African Government and grassroots organizations envisage and implement democracy achieved since 1994 in the eld of water resources management. The focus is on the democratic, political and economic freedom and equality in resource rights for poor black women, who are central to poverty eradication. While the new water policy and law provide an enabling framework for achieving these goals, implementation on the ground encounters both new opportunities and constraints. This is illustrated by several cases of establishing South Africa’s new water management institutions: catchment management agencies and water user associations. The important nexus between state-led democratization of water resources management and bottom-up grassroots movements is also discussed. The article concludes that the Government’s af rmative and targeted intervention is indispensable for redressing gender inequalities and eradicating poverty.
11 Hirji, R.; Nicol, Alan; Davis, R. 2017. South Asia climate change risks in water management. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 96p. (Climate Risks and Solutions: Adaptation Frameworks for Water Resources Planning, Development and Management in South Asia)
Climate change adaptation ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water use ; Water demand ; Water supply ; Water policy ; Water quality ; Water power ; Water institutions ; Risk management ; Uncertainty ; Hydrology ; Monsoon climate ; Socioeconomic environment ; Drought ; Flooding ; Landslides ; Erosion ; Sedimentation ; Planning ; Integrated management ; Infrastructure ; Communication ; Education ; Participation ; Financing ; Irrigation water ; Domestic water ; Mapping / South Asia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048847)
(923 KB)
12 Suhardiman, Diana; Bastakoti, Ram C.; Karki, Emma; Bharati, Luna. 2018. The politics of river basin planning and state transformation processes in Nepal. Geoforum, 89: 70-76. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.07.019]
River basin management ; Political aspects ; Bureaucracy ; Transformation ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water policy ; Water institutions ; Sectoral planning ; Federalism ; Decision making ; State intervention ; Government agencies / Nepal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048868)
Since the late 1990s, river basin planning has become a central idea in water resources management and a mainstream approach supported by international donors through their water programs globally. This article presents river basin planning as a function of power and contested arena of power struggles, where state actors create, sustain, and reproduce their bureaucratic power through the overall shaping of (imagined) bureaucratic territory. It argues that river basin planning is not an antidote to current ‘dysfunction’ in water resources management, rooted in overlapping jurisdictions, fragmented decision making, and bureaucratic competitions between various government agencies. On the contrary, it illustrates how river basin planning becomes a new ‘territorial frontier’, created and depicted by different government agencies as their envisioned operational boundary and as a means to sustain and increase their bureaucratic power and sectoral decision-making authority, amidst ongoing processes of federalism in Nepal.
13 Hagos, Fitsum; van Rooijen, Daniel; Haileslassie, Amare; Yehualashet, H.; Indries, H. 2018. Investigation of the modalities for an innovative financing mechanism for participatory natural resource management in the Bale Eco-region, Ethiopia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 36p. (IWMI Working Paper 181) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.215]
Natural resources management ; Environmental policy ; Participatory approaches ; Financing ; Payment for ecosystem services ; Legal aspects ; Stakeholders ; Hydropower ; Water supply ; Water institutions ; Forest management ; Deforestation ; Carbon stock assessments ; Watershed management ; Community involvement ; Urban areas ; Soil erosion ; Farmers’ income ; Nongovernmental organizations ; Dam construction ; Market economies ; Land degradation ; Reservoirs ; Land use / Ethiopia / Bale Eco-Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048874)
(903 KB)
This study reviewed the status of natural resources and the driving forces for change, as well as past and ongoing approaches in natural resource management at the watershed scale in Ethiopia. First, we reviewed established environmental policy tools and the legal and policy framework, and determined whether innovative financing mechanisms are working in other areas with a similar context. We undertook stakeholder analyses and mapping to identify key stakeholders, and to assess their possible roles in the implementation of a sustainable financing mechanism for watershed rehabilitation. We also determined whether opportunities exist for financing mechanisms involving hydropower and urban water supply in payments for ecosystem services (PES), and the global community in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in the context of the Bale Eco-region. The study identified major constraints to designing an appropriate financing mechanism. Finally, the study drew important conclusions and key policy implications that are relevant for Ethiopia and perhaps other areas in a similar context.
14 Yasuda, Y.; Hill, D.; Aich, D.; Huntjens, P.; Swain, A. 2018. Multi-track water diplomacy: current and potential future cooperation over the Brahmaputra River Basin. Water International, 43(5):642-664. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2018.1503446]
International waters ; International cooperation ; River basin development ; Water management ; Water institutions ; State intervention ; Stakeholders ; Economic situation ; Riparian zones / India / Bangladesh / Bhutan / China / Brahmaputra River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048896)
(2.46 MB)
This article analyzes key factors affecting transboundary water cooperation in the Brahmaputra River basin at multiple scales. The analysis of multi-track diplomacy reaffirms the potential of actor-inclusive approaches, arguing for a need to go beyond purely focusing on formal legal norms and consider the possibilities of cultural norms of informal processes of cooperation. Various ‘windows of opportunity’ exist in the current phase of the Brahmaputra basin’s development, leading to exploration of a Zone of Possible Effective Cooperation, arising from the effort to scale up multi-track initiatives as well as broader geo-political-economic changes happening across and beyond the basin.
15 Yasmin, T.; Farrelly, M. A.; Rogers, B. C. 2018. Evolution of water governance in Bangladesh: an urban perspective. World Development, 109:386-400. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.05.003]
Water governance ; Evolution ; Sustainability ; Urban development ; Integrated management ; Water resources development ; Water management ; Water supply ; Water institutions ; Millennium Development Goals ; Nongovernmental organizations / Bangladesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048939)
(4.52 MB)
Within the context of urban transformations, water governance has received global attention due to its growing complexities in responding to wicked and multifaceted challenges, such as rapidly growing populations, increased resource demand and uncertain climate futures. To date, much of the empirical research on water governance and urban transformations has examined developed cities, with limited investigation of developing cities. This paper therefore aims to enrich current empirical insights regarding the evolution of, and key shifts within urban water governance in Bangladesh. Drawing on recent developments in sustainability transitions and urban water governance scholarship, the paper charts 250 years of water resource development in Bangladesh. Analysis of primary and secondary qualitative data sources revealed five major periods between 1757 and 2016 that represent key changes to governance approaches that underpinned sectoral changes. Although the shifts in governance approaches have cumulatively improved the adaptive capacity of Bangladesh’s urban water system, they have not been framed to provide guidance and facilitation for driving on-ground change, which may be inhibiting a sustainable transformation of Bangladesh’s urban water sector. Nevertheless, the insights do provide important foundations for informing the development of new governance models capable of dealing with multi-scale strategies for supporting a sustainability transformation.
16 Adams, E. A. 2018. Thirsty slums in African cities: household water insecurity in urban informal settlements of Lilongwe, Malawi. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 34(6):869-887. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2017.1322941]
Water insecurity ; Informal settlements ; Slums ; Urban areas ; Households ; Drinking water ; Water availability ; Water supply ; Water institutions ; Water policy ; Water use ; Periurban areas ; Socioeconomic environment / Africa South of Sahara / Malawi / Lilongwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048943)
(1.04 MB)
Over 70% of Malawi’s urban population lives in informal settlements, where households regularly face chronic water insecurity. This article utilizes mixed methods – household surveys (N = 645), field observations, focus groups and interviews – to examine household water insecurity in three urban informal settlements of Lilongwe, Malawi’s capital and largest city. The study finds that water insecurity arises from overdependence on communal water kiosks which are insufficient in number, have high nonfunctional rates, are prone to vandalism, and provide water irregularly; lack of alternative improved water sources; and a significant time burden due to long waiting times and multiple trips to water sources. The findings underscore why water insecurity in Africa’s urban informal settlements deserves urgent policy attention.
17 Cobbing, J. 2018. The North West dolomite aquifers, South Africa: a stalled opportunity for water security and development. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 20p. (Groundwater Solutions Initiative for Policy and Practice (GRIPP) Case Profile Series 03) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.223]
Aquifers ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater level ; Groundwater extraction ; Water resources development ; Water governance ; Water user associations ; Water quality ; Water supply ; Water institutions ; Dolomite ; Public health ; Legal aspects ; Regulations ; Policy making ; Municipal authorities ; Local authorities ; Hydrogeology ; Stakeholders ; Farmers ; Costs
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048970)
(2 MB)
The karst dolomite aquifers of the North West Province in South Africa are among the most important in the nation. They serve as key water sources for municipal water supply and irrigation, and are also ecologically important in supplying springs that feed important rivers. Over-abstraction and consequent falling groundwater levels jeopardize water supply security, with increasing costs and risks to sustainable development. Better aquifer and conjunctive water management would improve water supply security and lower costs, with wider benefits to many sectors. This GRIPP Case Profile discusses these challenges and management experiences through the examples of two representative North West dolomite aquifers - the Grootfontein and Steenkoppies aquifers. These aquifers are relatively well understood hydrogeologically, and modern South African water law mandates sustainable use. Yet, underperforming collaboration between stakeholders using and managing the aquifers at various levels, and poor support from the national authority have led to an entrenched suboptimal equilibrium where stakeholders are reluctant to change behavior, despite awareness of the negative outcomes. Neither prescriptive local nor top-down organization has been effective. The synthesis argues for prioritized input from a legally mandated and capacitated convening authority (the national Department of Water and Sanitation) to catalyze and support effective local stakeholder groups and other governance initiatives. It calls for a renewed effort by this convening authority and other stakeholders, emphasizing mutually beneficial or “win-win” outcomes.
18 Merrey, D. J.; Lefore, Nicole. 2018. How to support effective and inclusive irrigation water users’ associations: a guide for practitioners. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 16p. (WLE Research for Development (R4D) Learning Series 9) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.227]
Research and development ; Learning ; Irrigation water ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation efficiency ; Water user associations ; Best practices ; Guidelines ; Farmers organizations ; Irrigation schemes ; Collective action ; Small scale systems ; Policy making ; Investment ; Costs ; Gender ; Training programmes ; Monitoring ; Evaluation ; Water policy ; Water governance ; Water institutions ; Water availability ; Nongovernmental organizations ; Sustainability ; Stakeholders ; Infrastructure ; Socioeconomic environment ; Communities ; Local authorities
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049026)
(1 MB)
The purpose of this Guide is to provide an overview of the major considerations and steps to be followed in organizing new irrigation farmers’ organizations or Irrigation Water Users’ Associations (IWUAs). The Guide should support developing or strengthening a specialized formal IWUA for implementing a program aimed at creating or improving a collectively managed irrigation scheme. The Guide is focused on programs involving construction of new irrigation schemes; rehabilitation, modernization or revitalization of existing irrigation schemes; or supporting farmers wishing to improve the performance of their irrigation scheme. While based on extensive research and evidence, the intended audience for this Guide is the set of practitioners responsible for planning and implementing communal irrigation programs. This may include managers of publicly or externally supported projects, government agricultural and irrigation officials, private investments and nongovernmental organizations. The Guide draws on over 50 years of experience organizing farmers to participate in the creation, improvement and management of both farmer-managed and government-managed irrigation schemes. The major lesson learned is that investing in the “software” component – training and institutional development – of irrigation is critical for success. If the IWUA is weak or ineffective, the scheme will fail to achieve its potential, no matter how good the hardware is. The Guide seeks to avoid imposing a specific organizational design for what an institution should look like and do, but suggests a process organized around six ‘steps’ to be followed, more or less in sequence. Using these steps creatively as a guideline, not as a recipe to be followed precisely, will increase the likelihood that irrigation investments achieve the desired project goals.
19 Cobbing, J.; Rose-Innes, C. 2018. Groundwater governance: the case of the Grootfontein Aquifer at Mahikeng, South Africa. Water Alternatives, 11(3):607-622. (Special issue: Local- and National-level Politics of Groundwater Overexploitation).
Groundwater ; Water governance ; Aquifers ; Water levels ; Hydrogeology ; Water supply ; Water institutions ; Legislation ; Corporate culture ; Water user associations ; Farmers ; Political aspects ; Case studies / South Africa / Mahikeng / Grootfontein Aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048989)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/456-a11-3-9/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048989.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048989.pdf
(0.84 MB) (860 KB)
This research investigates the case of the Grootfontein Aquifer at Mahikeng. The main aim is to understand why, despite well-established capacity in hydrogeology and progressive groundwater governance rules and practices, groundwater management continues to be poor, with significant deleterious outcomes now and likely in the future. A combination of hydrogeological and institutional analysis reveals a complex set of institutional issues that has inhibited the outcomes anticipated in South African water legislation. The research identifies why conditions are unfavourable for the self-organisation anticipated in the groundwater governance approach that was adopted after 1994, and why actions by specific problem-solving actors are fundamental to the success of this approach. These findings illuminate approaches to economic development that have occurred within the larger public policy context in South Africa since 1994 and find that this has implications for the wider developmental agenda and the political-economic role of the modern African state.
20 Shrestha, A.; Roth, D.; Joshi, D. 2018. Socio-environmental dynamics and emerging groundwater dependencies in peri-urban Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Water Alternatives, 11(3):770-794. (Special issue: Local- and National-level Politics of Groundwater Overexploitation).
Groundwater extraction ; Water supply ; Periurban areas ; Socioeconomic environment ; Water management ; Water institutions ; Water policy ; Water governance ; Water use ; Water insecurity ; Drinking water ; Urbanization ; Population ; Conflicts / Nepal / Kathmandu Valley / Dadhikot / Lamatar
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048990)
http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol11/v11issue3/464-a11-3-17/file
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048990.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048990.pdf
(1.03 MB) (1.03 MB)
Groundwater is an increasingly important source of water supply in Kathmandu Valley, one of the fastest-growing South-Asian urban agglomerations. A groundwater policy drafted in 2012 was partly an outcome of an institutional restructuring of water management in Kathmandu Valley. Our findings in this article show that this policy lacks attention to peri-urban dynamics of change and growth and does little to address the unplanned and unregulated groundwater use in peri-urban locations in the valley, which urbanises at a faster rate than the main city. This article discusses the growing use of, and dependence on, groundwater in these rapidly evolving peri-urban spaces. Groundwater use continues to increase, despite growing protests and worries about its consequences. Our findings show that the polarised views and local conflicts around groundwater exploitation are the outcome of multiple entanglements: sectoral divides and overlapping responsibilities in water institutions, governance and management; social and economic transformations in peri-urban spaces; the invisibility of groundwater; and ambiguity in the hydrological dynamics of conjunctive water use. While we see no easy solutions to these problems, the policy-relevant recommendations we derive from our analysis of the drivers and the dynamics of using, governing and managing groundwater draw attention to the complex on-the-ground realities that need to be better understood for addressing macro-micro gaps in (ground)water management.
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