Your search found 9 records
1 DSE. 1991. Dialogue and training for the promotion of roots, tubes and legumes in Africa: Report on the workshop held from 26-30 November 1990 in Mombasa, Kenya. Feldafing, Germany: DSE. xii, 251p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 338.1 G000 DSE Record No: H011427)
2 van Hoorn, J. W.; Katerji, N.; Hamdy, A.; Mastrorilli, M. 2001. Effect of salinity on yield and nitrogen uptake of four grain legumes and on biological nitrogen contribution from the soil. Agricultural Water Management, 51(2):87-98.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H028891)
3 Kay, D.E. 1979. Food legumes. London, UK: UK Tropical Products Institute. 435p.: ill.; 21 cm. (TPI Crop and product digest no.3)
(Location: IWMI-SEA Call no: 633.3 GG50 KAY Record No: BKK-103)
4 Ahlawat, I. . S.; Gangaiah, B. 2004. Biodiversity of grain legumes and food security. Indian Farming, 54(8):15-18.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 7465 Record No: H038009)
5 Erkossa, Teklu; Teklewold, H. 2009. Agronomic and economic efficiency of manure and urea fertilizers use on vertisols in Ethiopian highlands. Agricultural Sciences in China, 8(3):352-360. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1671-2927(08)60219-9]
Vertisols ; Soil fertility ; Organic fertilizers ; Inorganic fertilizers ; Fertilizers ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Crop production ; Legumes ; Cereals ; Straw ; Cropping systems ; Crop rotation ; Data analysis ; Economic analysis ; Yields ; Productivity ; Profitability / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042151)
(0.22 MB)
Soil fertility depletion is among the major impediments to sustained agricultural productivity especially in the less developed countries because of limited application of fertilizers. Soil fertility maintenance requires a balanced application of inorganic and organic nutrient sources. This study was conducted on a Vertisol in Ethiopia to determine the optimum farm yard manure (M) and nitrogen (N) application rates for maximum return under cereal-pulse-cereal rotation system. The main and interaction effects of M and N significantly affected biomass, grain and straw yields of wheat (Triticum durum) and tef (Eragrostis tef), but the residual effect on chickpea (Cicer arietinum) was not significant. Application of 6 t M ha-1 and 30 kg N ha-1, gave the largest grain yield of both crops but a comparable result was obtained due to 3 t M ha-1 and 30 kg N ha-1. The economic analysis revealed that 6.85 t M ha-1 and 44 kg N ha-1 for wheat, and 4.53 t M ha-1 and 37 kg N ha-1 for tef were the economic optimum rates. The additional benefit obtained due to these rates was about 450 USD ha-1. Therefore, application of the economic optimum combination of both organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen is recommended for use on cereals in the cereal-legume-cereal rotation system.
6 Hussain, A.; Murtaza, G.; Ghafoor, A.; Basra, S. M. A.; Qadir, Manzoor; Sabir, M. 2010. Cadmium contamination of soils and crops by long term use of raw effluent, ground and canal waters in agricultural lands. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 12(6):851-856. [doi: https://doi.org/10–290/AWB/2010/12–6–851–856]
Water scarcity ; Water reuse ; Effluents ; Wastewater irrigation ; Cadmium ; Electrical conductivity ; Soil degradation ; Cereals ; Legumes ; Contamination ; Heavy metals ; Chemical analysis ; Surveys ; Canals ; Wells / Pakistan / Faisalabad
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043365)
(0.14 MB)
Water scarcity in agriculture sector forced farmers to use city wastewater without any regard of its quality effects on environment and resultant contamination of soils and plants, particularly with heavy metals. A survey of effluent, tube well and canal water irrigated areas in Faisalabad, Pakistan was conducted to appraise Cd concentration in these waters and soils, and its uptake by cereal and legume crops. Water, soil and plant (seeds, shoot & roots) samples were collected and analyzed for Cd concentration. Results illustrated that wastewater contained 11.0 and 3.7 times higher Cd than tube well and canal waters, respectively. Location-wise the lowest Cd concentration was 0.6 µg L-1 at Bypass Samandari Road (BSR) while the highest was 1.4 µg L-1 at Malkhanwala (MW). Maximum AB-DTPA extractable Cd (0.30 mg kg-1 & 0.248 mg kg-1) was found in soil samples collected from 0-15 cm depths at Uchkera and Ghulam Muhammad Abad (GMA), respectively. It was the lowest (0.04 mg kg-1) in soil samples collected from Chak No. 235/RB (C235) location. Long term effluent irrigation resulted in 248 and 260% increase in Cd contents at 0-15 cm depth of soils compared to tube well and canal waters irrigated soils, respectively. In all the cases, Cd was within safe limits. About 70% of the metal was deposited in upper 30 cm layers. Seeds of effluent irrigated chickpea acquired the highest concentration of Cd (0.177 mg kg-1), while was the lowest in wheat seeds (0.034 mg kg-1). Concentration of Cd was higher in mungbean shoots (0.62 mg kg-1) than in wheat shoots. The order for Cd concentration in seeds was chickpea > maize > mungbean > wheat for wastewater irrigated crops. Similar trend of Cd concentration was observed in tube well and canal waters irrigated crops.
7 Douxchamps, S.; Frossard, E.; Uehlinger, N.; Rao, I.; van der Hoek, R.; Mena, M.; Schmidt, A.; Oberson, A. 2011. Identifying factors limiting legume biomass production in a heterogeneous on-farm environment. Journal of Agricultural Science, 16p. (Online first). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859611000931]
Biomass ; Legumes ; Smallholders ; Crop production ; Farms ; Canavalia ; Maize ; Soil profiles ; Soil fertility ; Soil properties ; Rooting ; Sloping land ; Watersheds ; Environmental effects ; Landscape ; Statistical analysis / Nicaragua
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044796)
(0.45 MB)
Multipurpose legumes provide a wide range of benefits to smallholder production systems in the tropics. The degree of system improvement after legume introduction depends largely on legume biomass production, which in turn depends on the legumes’ adaptation to environmental conditions. For Canavalia brasiliensis (canavalia), an herbaceous legume that has been recently introduced in the Nicaraguan hillsides, different approaches were tested to define the biophysical factors limiting biomass production on-farm, by combining information from topsoil chemical and physical properties, topography and soil profiles.
Canavalia was planted in rotation with maize during two successive years on 72 plots distributed over six farms and at contrasting landscape positions. Above-ground biomass production was similar for both years and varied from 448 to 5357 kg/ha, with an average of 2117 kg/ha. Topsoil properties, mainly mineral nitrogen (N; ranging 25–142 mg/kg), total N (Ntot; 415–2967 mg/kg), soil organic carbon (SOC; 3–38 g/kg) and pH (5·3–7·1), significantly affected canavalia biomass production but explained only 0·45 of the variation. Topography alone explained 0·32 of the variation in canavalia biomass production. According to soil profiles descriptions, the best production was obtained on profiles with a root aggregation index close to randomness, i.e. with no major obstacles for root growth. When information from topsoil properties, topography and soil profiles was combined through a stepwise multiple regression, the model explained 0·61 of the variation in canavalia biomass (P<0·001) and included soil depth (0·5–1·70 m), slope position, amount of clay (19–696 kg/m2) and stones (7–727 kg/m2) in the whole profile, and SOC and N content in the topsoil. The linkages between topsoil properties, topography and soil profiles were further evaluated through a principal component analysis (PCA) to define the best landscape position for canavalia cultivation.
The three data sets generated and used in the present study were found to be complementary. The profile description demonstrated that studies documenting heterogeneity in soil fertility should also consider deeper soil layers, especially for deep-rooted plants such as canavalia. The combination of chemical and physical soil properties with soil profile and topographic properties resulted in a holistic understanding of soil fertility heterogeneity and shows that a landscape perspective must be considered when assessing the expected benefits from multipurpose legumes in hillside environments.
Canavalia was planted in rotation with maize during two successive years on 72 plots distributed over six farms and at contrasting landscape positions. Above-ground biomass production was similar for both years and varied from 448 to 5357 kg/ha, with an average of 2117 kg/ha. Topsoil properties, mainly mineral nitrogen (N; ranging 25–142 mg/kg), total N (Ntot; 415–2967 mg/kg), soil organic carbon (SOC; 3–38 g/kg) and pH (5·3–7·1), significantly affected canavalia biomass production but explained only 0·45 of the variation. Topography alone explained 0·32 of the variation in canavalia biomass production. According to soil profiles descriptions, the best production was obtained on profiles with a root aggregation index close to randomness, i.e. with no major obstacles for root growth. When information from topsoil properties, topography and soil profiles was combined through a stepwise multiple regression, the model explained 0·61 of the variation in canavalia biomass (P<0·001) and included soil depth (0·5–1·70 m), slope position, amount of clay (19–696 kg/m2) and stones (7–727 kg/m2) in the whole profile, and SOC and N content in the topsoil. The linkages between topsoil properties, topography and soil profiles were further evaluated through a principal component analysis (PCA) to define the best landscape position for canavalia cultivation.
The three data sets generated and used in the present study were found to be complementary. The profile description demonstrated that studies documenting heterogeneity in soil fertility should also consider deeper soil layers, especially for deep-rooted plants such as canavalia. The combination of chemical and physical soil properties with soil profile and topographic properties resulted in a holistic understanding of soil fertility heterogeneity and shows that a landscape perspective must be considered when assessing the expected benefits from multipurpose legumes in hillside environments.
8 Mapedza, Everisto; Tsegai, D.; Bruntrup, M.; McLeman, R. (Eds.) 2019. Drought challenges: policy options for developing countries. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. 363p. (Current Directions in Water Scarcity Research Volume 2)
Drought tolerance ; Policies ; Developing countries ; Climate change mitigation ; Adaptation ; Weather hazards ; Early warning systems ; Disaster preparedness ; Resilience ; Monitoring ; Satellite observation ; Remote sensing ; Forecasting ; Food security ; Energy ; Water scarcity ; Nexus ; Intercropping ; Maize ; Legumes ; Crop insurance ; Livestock management ; Forage ; Sustainable land management ; Rainwater harvesting ; Strategies ; Impact assessment ; Gender ; Small scale farming ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Migration ; Conflicts ; Indigenous knowledge ; Semiarid zones ; Drylands ; SADC countries ; Living standards ; Households ; Social protection ; Rural areas ; Pastoralists ; Communities / Africa South of Sahara / Southern Africa / East Africa / Latin America / South Asia / USA / Brazil / Mexico / Colombia / United Republic of Tanzania / Uganda / Ethiopia / Kenya / Mali / India / Yucatan / Xuilub / Andhra Pradesh / Laikipia / Lincoln / Colorado
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049366)
(1.39 MB)
9 Chimonyo, V. G. P.; Govender, L.; Nyathi, M.; Scheelbeek, P. F. D.; Choruma, D. J.; Mustafa, M.; Massawe, F.; Slotow, R.; Modi, A. T.; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe. 2023. Can cereal-legume intercrop systems contribute to household nutrition in semi-arid environments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10:1060246. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1060246]
Intercropping ; Cereal crops ; Legumes ; Multiple cropping ; Water use efficiency ; Water productivity ; Nutrition ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 2 Zero hunger ; Goal 3 Good health and well-being ; Goal 12 Responsible production and consumption
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051672)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1060246/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051672.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051672.pdf
(1.35 MB) (1.35 MB)
Introduction: Intercropping cereals with legumes can intensify rainfed cereal monocropping for improved household food and nutritional security. However, there is scant literature confirming the associated nutritional benefits.
Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis of nutritional water productivity (NWP) and nutrient contribution (NC) of selected cereal-legume intercrop systems was conducted through literature searches in Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases. After the assessment, only nine articles written in English that were field experiments comprising grain cereal and legume intercrop systems were retained. Using the R statistical software (version 3.6.0), paired t-tests were used to determine if differences existed between the intercrop system and the corresponding cereal monocrop for yield (Y), water productivity (WP), NC, and NWP.
Results: The intercropped cereal or legume yield was 10 to 35% lower than that for the corresponding monocrop system. In most instances, intercropping cereals with legumes improved NY, NWP, and NC due to their added nutrients. Substantial improvements were observed for calcium (Ca), where NY, NWP, and NC improved by 658, 82, and 256%, respectively.
Discussion: Results showed that cereal-legume intercrop systems could improve nutrient yield in water-limited environments. Promoting cereal legume intercrops that feature nutrient-dense legume component crops could contribute toward addressing the SDGs of Zero Hunger (SDG 3), Good Health and Well-3 (SDG 2) and Responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).
Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis of nutritional water productivity (NWP) and nutrient contribution (NC) of selected cereal-legume intercrop systems was conducted through literature searches in Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases. After the assessment, only nine articles written in English that were field experiments comprising grain cereal and legume intercrop systems were retained. Using the R statistical software (version 3.6.0), paired t-tests were used to determine if differences existed between the intercrop system and the corresponding cereal monocrop for yield (Y), water productivity (WP), NC, and NWP.
Results: The intercropped cereal or legume yield was 10 to 35% lower than that for the corresponding monocrop system. In most instances, intercropping cereals with legumes improved NY, NWP, and NC due to their added nutrients. Substantial improvements were observed for calcium (Ca), where NY, NWP, and NC improved by 658, 82, and 256%, respectively.
Discussion: Results showed that cereal-legume intercrop systems could improve nutrient yield in water-limited environments. Promoting cereal legume intercrops that feature nutrient-dense legume component crops could contribute toward addressing the SDGs of Zero Hunger (SDG 3), Good Health and Well-3 (SDG 2) and Responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).
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