Your search found 4 records
1 Fuertes, E. G. 2023. Understanding contemporary challenges for water security in Ulaanbaatar, a semi-arid region in Mongolia. PLOS Water, 2(12):e0000160. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000160]
Water security ; Semi-arid zones ; Drinking water ; Flooding ; Risk ; Water quality ; Sanitation ; Water resources ; Policies ; Government ; Water supply ; Infrastructure ; Sewage ; Institutions ; Indicators / Mongolia / Ulaanbaatar / Tuul River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052437)
https://journals.plos.org/water/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pwat.0000160&type=printable
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052437.pdf
(3.17 MB) (3.17 MB)
Water security is one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. Understanding context-specific challenges and opportunities around this issue is key to improving water systems globally. This paper explores the current state of urban water security in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia’s capital city. Ulaanbaatar is home to more than 40% of the country’s population and 60% of its national GDP. The city is located in the Tuul River basin and relies almost entirely on groundwater aquifers of the Tuul River for its supply of clean drinking water. In recent years, socio-economic stressors resulting from rapid urbanisation and environmental pressures have intensified the levels of degradation of the Tuul River and intensified the risks of water insecurity for the population of Ulaanbaatar. First, this paper draws from an extensive literature review and document analysis to provide an overview of the current state of urban water security in Ulaanbaatar. Secondly, the discussion is substantiated with information from key informant interviews which aim to explain the ongoing challenges for water security in Ulaanbaatar and suggest paths for improvement. This study finds that the main challenges for water security in Ulaanbaatar are data unavailability, limited human and financial resources across public water sector agencies, exacerbating flood risk and ongoing water quality disparities between the central city area and peri-urban ger districts.
2 Duan, Y.; Wang, W.; Zhuo, L.; Liu, Y.; Wu, P. 2024. Regional blue and green water-saving potential and regulation paths for crop production: a case study in the Yellow River Basin. Agricultural Water Management, 291:108631. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108631]
Crop production ; Water conservation ; Water footprint ; Semi-arid zones ; Water scarcity ; Soil water ; Precipitation ; Irrigation water ; Evapotranspiration ; Water use ; Models ; Crop yield ; Agricultural water use ; Wheat ; Maize ; Crop yield ; Case studies / Mongolia / Yellow River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052447)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377423004961/pdfft?md5=e150324100e395740524b3d1e718ecc7&pid=1-s2.0-S0378377423004961-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052447.pdf
(11.30 MB) (11.3 MB)
A comprehensive assessment of the regional water-saving potential (WSP) for crop production is the foundation for setting targets, formulating strategies, and implementing management measures for agriculture. Water footprint (WF) for crop production is a well-known indicator of blue and green water consumption and an effective tool for evaluating blue and green WSP in crop production. The WSP evaluations based on crop WF primarily rely on crop redistribution (CR) and the crop WF benchmark (WFB). The CR can be completed relatively quickly, but the WSP is limited. In contrast, reaching an area’s maximum WSP is possible with WFB, but it requires long-term and multi-aspect inputs. However, existing evaluations of regional crop WSP are often based on a single methodology, and the results are various, which confuse the policymakers at times. This study estimated both blue and green WSP of wheat and maize based on two approaches—crop redistribution (CR) and crop water footprint benchmark (WFB)—at the county level in the Yellow River basin (YRB) in different hydrological years. The WSP was 7–11% based on CR, whereas 17–24% based on the crop WFB. The green WSPs were larger than blue WSPs. Over half of counties had larger WSP based on the WFB. These values vary with the crop, region, and hydrological year. The analysis emphasises the importance of considering both blue and green water, and quantitatively comparing different water-saving methods when evaluating regional crop WSP.
3 Keria, H.; Bensaci, E.; Zoubiri, A.; Si Said, Z. B. 2024. Long-term dynamics of remote sensing indicators to monitor the dynamism of ecosystems in arid and semi-arid areas: contributions to sustainable resource management. Journal of Water and Climate Change, jwc2024409. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2024.409]
Resource management ; Semi-arid zones ; Ecosystems ; Monitoring ; Indicators ; Remote sensing ; Climate change ; Biodiversity ; Vegetation index ; Surface temperature ; Watersheds / Algeria
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052720)
https://iwaponline.com/jwcc/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/wcc.2024.409/1383130/jwc2024409.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052720.pdf
(1.18 MB) (1.18 MB)
Drought is expected to increase in water bodies due to climate change. Monitoring long-term changes in wetlands is crucial for identifying fluctuations and conserving biodiversity. In this study, we assessed the long-term variability of remote sensing indicators in 25 watershed areas in Algeria known for their significant biodiversity. We employed two statistical methods, namely linear regression and the Mann–Kendall (MK) test, to capture long-term fluctuations by integrating data from various sources, including Modis and Landsat satellite data. A time-series dataset spanning 22 years was developed, consisting of the following indicators: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI), normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), and land surface temperature (LST). We evaluated the relationships between these variables. The results indicated that NDVI exhibited a stronger temporal response compared to EVI, NDWI, and NDMI. Additionally, negative associations between NDVI and LST confirmed the impact of drought and plant stress on vegetation in the study areas (R2 = 0.109–R2 = 0.5701). The NDMI results pointed to water stress in the water bodies, showing a significant decreasing trend. The results from the MK trend analysis underscored the importance of NDVI and highlighted its strong association with EVI, NDWI, and NDMI. Understanding the dynamics of vegetation and water stress has become crucial for ecosystem forecasts.
4 Lazurko, A.; Lautze, Jonathan; Hussey, S.; Muzarabani, C.; Ngwenya, N.; Ebrahim, Girma. 2024. Assessing sand dams for contributions to local water security and drought resilience in the semi-arid eastern Shashe Catchment, Zimbabwe. Regional Environmental Change, 24:36. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-024-02201-y]
Dams ; Water security ; Drought ; Climate resilience ; Semi-arid zones ; Water storage ; Climate change ; Water availability ; Communities / Zimbabwe / Shashe Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052852)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10113-024-02201-y.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052852.pdf
(3.63 MB) (3.63 MB)
Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of droughts in semi-arid regions. Small-scale water storage can help build drought resilience, particularly in rural areas with no access to formal water infrastructure. Sand dams, which store water by capturing water in sand-filled ephemeral rivers during the wet season, are one promising storage option. While emerging studies indicate tentative evidence of their benefits, the focus on resilience is under-addressed. This study evaluates the impact of sand dams on resilience to climate variability and changes through a participatory case study approach in the Shashe catchment, a semi-arid catchment shared by Botswana and Zimbabwe. Participatory research was conducted via site inspections, focus group discussions, and interviews at 20 sand dams utilized by 19 villages across the Zimbabwean portion of the Shashe catchment. The results show that sand dams significantly improved local water availability, most notably with a significant increase in the number of months per year that water could be collected from the dam site (mean = 6.5 months before, to mean = 10.9 months after construction, p < 0.05). This increase is also reflected in drought years (mean = 5.8 months before, to mean = 9.6 months after construction, p < 0.05). Sand dams also contribute to the adaptive capacity of communities via key benefits such as diversification of livelihood activities, improved health and hygiene, and reduced erosion in the surrounding area due to increased vegetation. In sum, the study demonstrates clear benefits to communities facing drought, supporting calls to elevate sand dams on the development agenda.
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