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1 Kosec, K.; Mo, C. H.; Schmidt, E.; Song, J. 2021. Perceptions of relative deprivation and women’s empowerment. World Development, 138:105218. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105218]

Women's empowerment ; Attitudes ; Gender equality ; Women's participation ; Work force ; Economic situation ; Decision making ; Household income ; Communities / Papua New Guinea

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050136)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X20303454/pdfft?md5=eaf4139801e984e9cc294ff57525de70&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X20303454-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050136.pdf

(0.45 MB) (464 KB)

How do perceptions of one’s relative economic status affect gender attitudes, including support for women’s economic participation and involvement in decision-making in their community and household? We conducted a 2018 survey experiment with female and male adults in approximately 1000 households in Papua New Guinea. Employing an established survey treatment to subtly alter respondents’ perception of their relative economic wellbeing, we find that increased feelings of relative deprivation make both men and women significantly more likely to support girls’ schooling and women’s paid employment, suggesting that relative economic insecurity can actually prompt support for women’s economic participation. However, increased feelings of relative deprivation may trigger greater intra-household tension. While increased perceptions of relative deprivation cause women to want more household decision-making authority, men’s attitudes toward women’s proper roles in decision-making are unchanged. In other words, increased support for women’s economic participation among men appears to stem mainly from a desire to raise household income, and not to alter the general role of women in society. The results underscore the multifaceted nature of gender attitudes, and how support for women’s economic participation may rise without simultaneous increases in women’s agency in decision-making.

2 Laderach, P.; Desai, B.; Pacillo, G.; Roy, S.; Kosec, K.; Ruckstuhl, Sandra; Loboguerrero, A. M. 2024. Using climate financing wisely to address multiple crises. PLOS Climate, 3(2):e0000355. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000355]

Climate change adaptation ; Financing ; Climate resilience ; Risk reduction ; Policies ; Institutions ; Partnerships ; National planning ; Water systems

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052589)

https://journals.plos.org/climate/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pclm.0000355&type=printable
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052589.pdf

(0.41 MB) (419 KB)

A convergence of several risk drivers creates the compound crises we see across the globe today. At the same time, the global humanitarian community and national institutions in affected countries are increasingly resource constrained. In this context, existing financing mechanisms should be evaluated for their potential to create synergies between social protection, peace, and inclusion objectives on the one hand and climate resilience outcomes on the other. The existing international architecture of climate change mitigation and adaptation policy and financing holds, in principle, the potential to address not only its main purpose of climate action, but also to contribute to development outcomes and address multiple risk drivers. Examples of this exist, but for these mutual benefits to emerge, and for climate finance to contribute more significantly to crises prevention, the agendas must become more aligned. Aligning several factors may enable coherence: i) Timeframes, from short-term response to multi-year programming; ii) Planning and targeting, moving towards conflict-sensitive area-based approaches and universal access to services; iii) Institutional arrangements and partnerships, coordinated national planning and jointly implemented local action.