Your search found 22 records
1 Shah, Tushaar; Pattnaik, I.; Bhatt, S.; Kopa, G. G.; Shah, A. 2013. Impact of Gujarat's Krishi Mahotsava (Agrarian Festival) campaigns: results of a perception survey of 1445 farmers from 25 districts. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 68(4):583-593.
Agricultural economics ; Farmers ; Farmer participation ; Farm inputs ; Households ; Wells ; Surveys ; Exhibitions ; Marketing techniques ; Campaigns ; Technology transfer ; Innovation adoption ; Subsidies / India / Gujarat
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046355)
(3.64 MB)
Since 2005, Government of Gujarat has been organising an annual, month-long, pre-monsoon Krishi Mahotsava (Agrarian Festival) campaign to expose farmer to new farming technologies and market opportunities, enhance their interaction with scientists and input suppliers, and improve their access to various government schemes. Krishi Mahotsava entails mobilisation of government machinery on a massive scale. But does it reach out to the farmer? This paper presents the results of a sample survey of 1445 farmers from across Gujarat to understand their perceptions about the Krishi Mahotsava campaign, its impact on them and their suggestions about how to enhance its usefulness to them.
2 Wanvoeke, J.; Venot, J.-P.; Zwarteveen, M.; de Fraiture, C. 2015. Performing the success of an innovation: the case of smallholder drip irrigation in Burkina Faso. Water International, 40(3):432-445. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2015.1010364]
Drip irrigation ; Irrigation systems ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Irrigation programs ; Market gardens ; Horticulture ; Technology transfer ; Innovation adoption ; Poverty ; Development agencies ; Non governmental organizations / Africa South of Sahara / Burkina Faso
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047455)
(0.45 MB)
Over the last 15 years, smallholder drip irrigation has gained almost unanimous popularity as an effective tool to achieve the combined goals of sustainable water use, food security and poverty alleviation in the developing world. Based on a study in Sub-Saharan Africa, this article shows that this popularity does not stem from what the technology does in farmers’ fields, but is the result of the concerted efforts of a number of key spokespersons to align it with the projects and interests of a variety of actors, including development agents, researchers, NGO staff and pilot farmers.
3 Taylor, S.; Asimah, S. A.; Buamah, R.; Nyarko, K.; Sekuma, S. P.; Coulibaly, Y. N.; Wozuame, A.; Jeffrey, P.; Parker, A. H. 2017. Towards sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene technology use in Sub-Saharan Africa: the learning alliance approach. Water Policy, 19(1):69-85. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2016.252]
Water supply ; Sanitation ; Hygiene ; Sustainability ; Technology assessment ; Stakeholders ; Capacity building ; Learning ; Attitudes ; Project design ; Innovation adoption ; Institutional development / Africa South of Sahara / Uganda / Ghana / Burkina Faso
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048025)
(0.21 MB)
To extend water, sanitation and hygiene services to all, technological innovations are required which take into account a diverse range of stakeholder perspectives. We report the experiences of an intervention which sought to build capacity in the assessment and introduction of technologies in Uganda, Ghana and Burkina Faso by developing the Technology Applicability Framework (TAF), a tool which culminates in a multi-stakeholder scoring workshop. The project also used Learning Alliances to build capacity around technology introduction. This paper explores how stakeholder attitudes changed through the project and evaluates the Learning Alliance approach. It finds that whilst the intervention did manage to connect stakeholders in a novel way, uptake of the TAF may be hampered by a lack of government involvement in the earliest stages of the project.
4 Wheeler, S. A.; Zuo, A.; Bjornlund, H.; Mdemu, M. V.; van Rooyen, A.; Munguambe, P. 2017. An overview of extension use in irrigated agriculture and case studies in south-eastern Africa. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(5):755-769. (Special issue: The Productivity and Profitability of Small Scale Communal Irrigation Systems in South-eastern Africa). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1225570]
Irrigated farming ; Innovation adoption ; Agricultural development ; Extension activities ; Agricultural extension ; Farm income ; Farmers ; Irrigation schemes ; Developing countries ; Case studies / South eastern Africa / Tanzania / Mozambique / Zimbabwe / Kiwere Irrigation Scheme / Magozi Irrigation Scheme / Khanimambo Irrigation Scheme / 25 de Setembro Irrigation Scheme / Mkoba Irrigation Scheme / Silalatshani Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048198)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07900627.2016.1225570?needAccess=true#aHR0cDovL3d3dy50YW5kZm9ubGluZS5jb20vZG9pL3BkZi8xMC4xMDgwLzA3OTAwNjI3LjIwMTYuMTIyNTU3MD9uZWVkQWNjZXNzPXRydWVAQEAw
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048198.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048198.pdf
(1.19 MB) (1.19 MB)
This study provides an overview of extension influence on the adoption of irrigation innovations in developed and developing countries, and finds that extension plays a more significant positive role in influencing soft technology adoption in developing countries. Case studies on the nature, use and availability of extension advice in six irrigation schemes in Tanzania, Mozambique and Zimbabwe are presented. The use of government extension officers varied significantly, with extension use not linked to farm outcomes. The results suggest the need to support more diverse sources of advice and to promote institutional reform in south-eastern Africa.
5 CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 2017. Enabling sustainable, productive smallholder farming systems through improved land and water management. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 12p. (WLE Towards Sustainable Intensification: Insights and Solutions Brief 4) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2017.213]
Sustainability ; Intensification ; Smallholders ; Farming systems ; Land management ; Water management ; Agricultural land management ; Integrated management ; Watershed management ; Water policy ; Innovation adoption ; Private investment ; Public investment ; Food security ; Productivity
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048215)
(804 KB)
Farmer-led investments in agricultural land and water management (ALWM) are transforming livelihoods and food security across South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Potential exists for even greater benefits, for even more beneficiaries. Understanding what factors influence adoption and impact of ALWM interventions can help ensure sustainable, positive effects of future investments. WLE has designed a suite of tools and investment models to support policy makers and development agents to leverage and extend the investments farmers are already making.
6 Birkenholtz, T. 2017. Assessing India’s drip-irrigation boom: efficiency, climate change and groundwater policy. Water International, 42(6):663-677. (Special issue: Groundwater and Climate Change - Multi-Level Law and Policy). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2017.1351910]
Drip irrigation ; Groundwater ; Irrigation efficiency ; Climate change ; Water policy ; Regulations ; Water use ; Farmers attitudes ; Innovation adoption ; Irrigated farming ; Intensification ; Political aspects ; Economic aspects ; State intervention / India / Rajasthan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048262)
(1.49 MB)
This article draws on a case from the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan to examine whether drip irrigation saves water. Drip irrigation is being promoted to preserve groundwater and enhance resilience to climate change. However, the article finds that in the absence of regulations over groundwater abstraction, farmers acquire drip irrigation to intensify production rather than to conserve water. This occurs in a political and economic context where farmers are incentivized to do so, further exacerbating groundwater overdraft. The article concludes with a discussion of drip irrigation’s impact on farmers’ livelihoods and its implications for groundwater policy.
7 Cavanagh, C. J.; Chemarum, A. K.; Vedeld, P. O.; Petursson, J. G. 2017. Old wine, new bottles? investigating the differential adoption of ‘climate-smart’ agricultural practices in western Kenya. Journal of Rural Studies, 56:114-123. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.09.010]
Climate-smart agriculture ; Agricultural practices ; Innovation adoption ; Conservation agriculture ; Climate change ; Sustainable agriculture ; Land management ; Development projects ; Farmers ; Living standards ; Socioeconomic environment ; Political aspects ; Incentives ; Constraints / Kenya / Bungoma County / Kenya Agricultural Carbon Project
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048373)
(0.65 MB)
This study assesses factors influencing the adoption of land management practices associated with a World Bank-financed project on ‘climate-smart’ agriculture: the Kenya Agricultural Carbon Project. Drawing upon mixed-methods research with participating farmers in Bungoma County, western Kenya, we find modest reported adoption rates overall for project-encouraged practices, amounting to 53.6 percent on average. However, we also find that there are systematic differences in the reported adoption rates of individual practices. Disaggregating our sample into three classes or ‘wealth groups’, we find that the ‘very poor’ and ‘poor’ groups exhibit substantially lower adoption rates (42 percent and 49 percent, respectively) relative to the ‘less poor’ wealth group (73 percent). Across these groups, practices related to livestock management and pest management are systematically less adopted (0-45 percent) than more popular practices such as agroforestry and tillage management, the reported adoption of which both range from 60 to 80 percent. Consequently, we suggest that barriers to the adoption of apparently ‘climate smart’ agricultural practices at scale may increasingly be political-economic rather than simply technical-managerial in nature. This reflects the poorest strata of farmers' struggles to negotiate the increasingly externally imposed imperatives of climate adaptation and mitigation with the necessity of ‘simple reproduction’ or survival of the household as a socioeconomic unit. Future generations of ‘climate smart’ agricultural programmes may thus benefit from disaggregating adaptation and mitigation objectives in order to avoid unduly burdening the poorest strata of participating households in rural African contexts.
8 Djanibekov, U.; Van Assche, K.; Boezeman, D.; Villamor, G. B.; Djanibekov, N. 2018. A coevolutionary perspective on the adoption of sustainable land use practices: the case of afforestation on degraded croplands in Uzbekistan. Journal of Rural Studies, 59:1-9. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.01.007]
Sustainable land use ; Innovation adoption ; Afforestation ; Land degradation ; Farmland ; Lowland ; Agricultural development ; Farmers ; Social aspects ; Ecological factors ; Coevolution ; Case studies ; Institutions / Uzbekistan / Amu Darya River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048701)
(0.40 MB)
Cotton export substantially contributes to Uzbekistan's economy. To produce cotton, the state imposes output targets on farmers which results in intensified cotton production practices, and consequently in land degradation. Improving degraded croplands via afforestation is an option explored through research experiments in the region, yet is currently not practiced by farmers. Using the example of the Amu Darya River lowlands of Uzbekistan, we analyze afforestation and its implementation constraints, by developing a coevolutionary socio-ecological systems framework that leans on evolutionary economics and evolutionary governance theories. Our study shows that farmers' perceptions and rationalities, in close association with governance configurations of actors, institutions and knowledges, make them unreceptive towards afforestation. Altering relations between agricultural institutions and actors that are currently present in the cotton-centric configuration is difficult given the path-, inter- and goal dependencies. To change rural sustainable development paths, we conclude that the adoption of innovations requires a tailoring of knowledge and technology fitting local situation, as well as the reassembling of relations between actors, institutions and knowledge.
9 Mekonnen, D. A.; Gerber, N.; Matz, J. A. 2018. Gendered social networks, agricultural innovations, and farm productivity in Ethiopia. World Development, 105:321-335. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.04.020]
Gender analysis ; Social participation ; Networks ; Agricultural development ; Agricultural productivity ; Technology ; Innovation adoption ; Households ; Socioeconomic environment ; Models / Africa / Ethiopia / Bakko-Sibu Siree / Lume-Adaa / Hettosa-Tiyyo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048764)
(0.38 MB)
This paper examines the existence of social learning in agriculture in Ethiopia. To be specific, we use a "random matching within sample" technique to collect data on social networks and to elicit details of the relationships and information exchange between network members. We find that shared kinship or membership in certain groups, informal forms of mutual insurance, and having frequent meetings with network members are all associated with a higher probability of forming an information link with a network member. Furthermore, we find evidence for a statistically significant and positive relationship between networks and the adoption of row-planting as well as yields for both male and female networks. However, the evidence for an inverse U-shaped relationship of social learning, that is, between the number of adopters in the network and the adoption of row-planting, is strongest for female networks. Our results, thus, suggest that extension services and other programs that promote agricultural innovations and seek yield improvement can benefit from social networks but that their success depends on identifying the "right" networks, such as those of female household members in the case of row-planting.
10 Elmqvist, T.; Bai, X.; Frantzeskaki, N.; Griffith, C.; Maddox, D.; McPhearson, T.; Parnell, S.; Romero-Lankao, P.; Simon, D.; Watkins, M. (Eds.) 2018. The urban planet: knowledge towards sustainable cities. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 482p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316647554]
Urban development ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Urbanization ; Towns ; Urban planning ; Landscape design ; Innovation adoption ; Knowledge management ; Environmental effects ; Resilience ; Indicators ; International organizations ; UN ; State intervention ; Governance ; Political aspects ; Leadership ; Civil societies ; Policies ; Financing ; Macroeconomics ; Social aspects / Arab countries / India / Pakistan / Kenya / Karachi / Nairobi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048771)
https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/urban-planet/05E1CEDF6B9DF4E4B95AB8B4474C3C71
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048771_TOC.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048771_TOC.pdf
(0.11 MB)
11 Ainembabazi, J. H.; Abdoulaye, T.; Feleke, S.; Alene, A.; Dontsop-Nguezet, P. M.; Ndayisaba, P. C.; Hicintuka, C.; Mapatano, S.; Manyong, V. 2018. Who benefits from which agricultural research-for-development technologies?: evidence from farm household poverty analysis in Central Africa. World Development, 108:28-46. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.03.013]
Agricultural research for development ; Technology assessment ; Innovation adoption ; Farmers ; Households ; Poverty ; Impact assessment ; Social welfare ; Crop production ; Varieties / Central Africa / Burundi / Democratic Republic of the Congo / Rwanda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048852)
(1.37 MB)
It remains a challenge for agricultural research-for-development (AR4D) institutions to demonstrate to donors which technologies contribute significantly to poverty reduction due to a multitude of impact pathways. We attempt to overcome this challenge by utilizing the potential outcomes framework and quantile treatment effects analytical approaches applied on panel household data collected from Central Africa. Our findings show that adoption of AR4D technologies reduced the probability of being poor by 13 percentage points. A large share of this poverty reduction is causally attributable to adoption of improved crop varieties (32%) followed by adoption of post-harvest technologies (28%) and crop and natural resource management (26%), with the rest 14% attributable to unidentified and/or unmeasured intermediate outcomes or factors. The findings further indicate that relatively poor farm households benefit from adopting improved crop varieties more than the relatively better-off households. Correspondingly, the relatively better off households benefit from adopting post-harvest technologies enhancing crop commercialization much more than the relatively poor households. The findings reveal interesting policy implications for successful targeting of agricultural interventions aimed at reducing rural poverty.
12 Kingdom, B; Lloyd-Owen, D.; Tremolet, S.; Kayaga, S.; Ikeda, J. 2018. Better use of capital to deliver sustainable water supply and sanitation services: practical examples and suggested next steps. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank. 35p.
Water supply ; Sanitation ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Capital productivity ; Expenditure ; Water demand ; Water management ; Appropriate technology ; Innovation adoption ; Financing ; Incentives ; Investment ; Strategy planning ; Project design ; Project management ; Procurement planning
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049158)
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/821051542750049782/pdf/132263-WP-PUBLIC-20-11-2018-14-4-49-W.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049158.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049158.pdf
(1.04 MB) (1.04 MB)
13 Kakumanu, K. R.; Kaluvai, Y. R.; Balasubramanian, M.; Nagothu, U. S.; Kotapati, G. R.; Karanam, S. 2019. Adaptation to climate change: impact of capacity building, India. Irrigation and Drainage, 68(1):50-58. (Special issue: Special Issue with Selected Papers of the 23rd ICID Congress, Mexico City). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2275]
Climate change adaptation ; Capacity building ; Innovation adoption ; Water conservation ; Crop production ; Rice ; Crop yield ; Costs ; Households ; Villages ; Awareness ; Farmers ; Strategies ; Socioeconomic environment / India / Krishna River Basin / Telangana / Andhra Pradesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049171)
(0.43 MB)
Climate change adversely affects the determinants of agriculture. Adaptation serves as an important strategy to reduce the adverse effects of climate change (variability) and vulnerability of the people. Adaptation through an innovation programme was implemented for 4 years during 2012–2016 to improve the adaptive capacity in agriculture and the water sectors through capacity building and implementation in the Krishna River Basin, India. Primary data were collected from 178 farm households of the Nagarjuna Sagar Project command area covering both adopters and non-adopters of water-saving interventions from the study area. The double difference method was used to analyse the impact of adaptation through capacity building and implementation. The water-saving interventions include alternate wetting and drying (AWD) in rice, a modified system of rice intensification (MSRI) and direct seeding of rice (DSR). The capacity building and water saving increased crop yields by 0.96, 0.93 and 0.77 t ha 1 through AWD, MSRI and DSR respectively. The three practices have increased farmers’ income and decreased the cost of cultivation in DSR by Rs.11 000 (US$169) ha 1 . The methods can be more focused in canal commands on a larger scale for equal distribution of water to all the head, middle and tail-end regions.
14 Radingoana, M. P.; Dube, T.; Mazvimavi, D. 2020. Progress in greywater reuse for home gardening: opportunities, perceptions and challenges. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 102853 (Online first). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2020.102853]
Water reuse ; Wastewater irrigation ; Crop production ; Domestic gardens ; Innovation adoption ; Technology ; Water scarcity ; Freshwater ; Food security ; Climate change ; Environmental effects ; Developing countries ; Communities ; Households / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049574)
(0.73 MB)
Water is one of the most essential natural resource that sustains livelihoods. Freshwater consumption and demand have, spiralled over the years, due to population growth, agricultural and industrial intensification. Innovative water conservation techniques (greywater reuse, rainwater harvesting, seawater desalination and ground water extraction, etc.), especially in the face of climate change and climate variability are central in minimizing water shortages, hunger and poverty alleviation, as well as health challenges. Most of water conservation methods remain ineffective and have less adoption, due to associated costs, inaccessibility and technical expertise in addressing water challenges, particularly in developing countries. Greywater reuse, which approximately represents 43–70% of the total domestic wastewater volume remains as the alternative and effective source of water that can help reduce pressure on freshwater for food production and poverty alleviation in third-world countries. Great research strides have been demonstrated on greywater reuse for agricultural use, but much remains unknown with regard to adoption rates, especially in developing countries. This work provides a detailed review on greywater reuse in crop production with particular emphasis on community perceptions, challenges and opportunities, lessons from other countries and possible implications on food security. The study has demonstrated that greywater reuse is a common practice in both developed and developing nations as a coping strategy. However, it was observed that some communities remain cautious and sceptic on its use for home gardening purpose. This resource is regarded as unclean and unfit for food crop irrigation. Limited adoption rates seem to be due to limited information or awareness programs and platforms on the potential of greywater reuse as supplement for freshwater, especially in developing countries like South Africa. However, strategies i.e. installation of greywater systems, incentivising greywater use have seen a rise in the adoption greywater in developed world. There is a need to find possible ways on how strategies from developed countries can be adopted in developing countries to promote greywater reuse for home gardening purposes.
15 Minh, Thai Thi; Zwart, Sander; Appoh, Richard; Schmitter, Petra. 2021. Analyzing the enabling environment to enhance the scaling of irrigation and water management technologies: a tool for implementers. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 18p. (IWMI Working Paper 197) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.201]
Irrigation management ; Water management ; Technology ; Agricultural value chains ; Innovation adoption ; Scaling ; Irrigated farming ; Policies ; Development programmes ; Strategies ; State intervention ; Private sector ; Nongovernmental organizations ; Stakeholders ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Donors ; Government agencies ; Institutions ; Frameworks ; Assessment ; Social aspects ; Political aspects ; Innovation scaling
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H050219)
(3.18 MB)
Agricultural innovation scaling approaches tend to be empirical but do not sufficiently take into account the complex realities of ‘softer elements’ such as people, supply chains, markets, financing mechanisms, policies and regulations, professional knowledge, power relations, incentives and history. As a consequence, scaling initiatives often do not produce the desired impacts and, in some instances, may even produce undesirable impacts.
Designing scaling strategies that are adaptive to context and available resources requires an understanding of the enabling environment in which the scaling processes are embedded. This can be achieved by conducting an analysis to identify enablers and hinderers influencing farmers’ adoption of irrigation and water management technologies and introducing measures to ensure success. The tool described in this working paper provides implementers with a structured guide to carrying out this analysis in a specific context.
Designing scaling strategies that are adaptive to context and available resources requires an understanding of the enabling environment in which the scaling processes are embedded. This can be achieved by conducting an analysis to identify enablers and hinderers influencing farmers’ adoption of irrigation and water management technologies and introducing measures to ensure success. The tool described in this working paper provides implementers with a structured guide to carrying out this analysis in a specific context.
16 Theis, S.; Bekele, R. D.; Lefore, Nicole; Meinzen-Dick, R.; Ringler, C. 2018. Considering gender when promoting small-scale irrigation technologies: guidance for inclusive irrigation interventions. Washington, DC, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 8p. (IFPRI-REACH Project Note)
Farmer-led irrigation ; Small scale systems ; Gender analysis ; Women ; Technology ; Innovation adoption ; Constraints ; Awareness ; Inclusion ; Irrigation programs ; Indicators
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050438)
https://reachwater.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gender-Toolkit-IFPRI.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050438.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050438.pdf
(0.23 MB) (233 KB)
17 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2023. Scaling solar-based irrigation bundles in Ethiopia: a market linkage pathway. Adaptive Innovation Scaling - Pathways from Small-scale Irrigation to Sustainable Development. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 8p. (IWMI Water Issue Brief 20) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2022.227]
Solar powered irrigation systems ; Scaling up ; Markets ; Innovation adoption ; Agricultural innovation ; Small-scale irrigation ; Sustainable development ; Farmers ; Gender ; Irrigation equipment ; Technology ; Pumps ; Irrigation scheduling ; Fruits ; Vegetables ; Value chains ; Financing ; Credit sales ; Market segmentation ; Stakeholders ; Governmental organizations ; Non-governmental organizations ; Private sector ; Innovation scaling / Ethiopia / Lemo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051581)
(2.64 MB)
18 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2023. Scaling solar-based irrigation in Ghana’s Upper East Region: a demand-supply linkage approach. Adaptive Innovation Scaling - Pathways from Small-scale Irrigation to Sustainable Development. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 8p. (IWMI Water Issue Brief 22) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.201]
Solar powered irrigation systems ; Innovation scaling ; Supply and demand ; Innovation adoption ; Small-scale irrigation ; Sustainable development ; Smallholders ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Technology ; Pumps ; Agricultural productivity ; Irrigated farming ; Vegetables ; Agricultural value chains ; Financing ; Business models ; Market segmentation ; Marketing ; Multi-stakeholder processes ; Women ; Youth ; Private sector ; Investment ; Inclusion ; Groundwater ; Water management ; Climate change ; Poverty reduction ; Collective action ; Outreach / Ghana / Upper East Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051679)
(1.05 MB)
19 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2023. Scaling best-fit irrigation bundles in Mali: a pathway for improved development outcomes. Adaptive Innovation Scaling - Pathways from Small-scale Irrigation to Sustainable Development. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 8p. (IWMI Water Issue Brief 23) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.206]
Small-scale irrigation ; Innovation scaling ; Sustainable development ; Vegetables ; Agricultural value chains ; Crop production ; Irrigated farming ; Irrigation practices ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Technology ; Innovation adoption ; Solar powered irrigation systems ; Irrigation equipment ; Pumps ; Water storage ; Agricultural resources ; Women farmers ; Agricultural extension ; Farm income ; Market access ; Marketing channels ; Profitability ; Investment ; Financing ; Credit ; Stakeholders ; Social inclusion ; Food security ; Non-governmental organizations / Mali / Sikasso / Koutiala
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051828)
(3.34 MB)
20 Pattinson, N. B.; Taylor, J.; Dickens, Chris W. S.; Graham, P. M. 2023. Digital innovation in citizen science to enhance water quality monitoring in developing countries. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 37p. (IWMI Working Paper 210) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2024.201]
Digital innovation ; Citizen science ; Water quality ; Monitoring ; Developing countries ; Freshwater ecosystems ; Water resources ; Water management ; Decision support ; Community involvement ; Data collection ; Digital technology ; Sensors ; Databases ; Smartphones ; Mobile applications ; Innovation adoption ; Big data ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Parameters ; Mitigation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052509)
(1.02 MB)
Freshwater systems are disproportionately adversely affected by the ongoing, global environmental crisis. The effective and efficient water resource conservation and management necessary to mitigate the crisis requires monitoring data, especially on water quality. This is recognized by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, particularly indicator 6.3.2., which requires all UN member states to measure and report the ‘proportion of water bodies with good ambient water quality’. However, gathering sufficient data on water quality is reliant on data collection at spatial and temporal scales that are generally outside the capacity of institutions using conventional methods. Digital technologies, such as wireless sensor networks and remote sensing, have come to the fore as promising avenues to increase the scope of data collection and reporting. Citizen science (which goes by many names, e.g., participatory science or community-based monitoring) has also been earmarked as a powerful mechanism to improve monitoring. However, both avenues have drawbacks and limitations. The synergy between the strengths of modern technologies and citizen science presents an opportunity to use the best features of each to mitigate the shortcomings of the other. This paper briefly synthesizes recent research illustrating how smartphones, sometimes in conjunction with other sensors, present a nexus point method for citizen scientists to engage with and use sophisticated modern technology for water quality monitoring. This paper also presents a brief, non-exhaustive research synthesis of some examples of current technological upgrades or innovations regarding smartphones in citizen science water quality monitoring in developing countries and how these can assist in objective, comprehensive, and improved data collection, management and reporting. While digital innovations are being rapidly developed worldwide, there remains a paucity of scientific and socioeconomic validation of their suitability and usefulness within citizen science. This perhaps contributes to the fact that the uptake and upscaling of smartphone-assisted citizen science continues to underperform compared to its potential within water resource management and SDG reporting. Ultimately, we recommend that more rigorous scientific research efforts be dedicated to exploring the suitability of digital innovations in citizen science in the context of developing countries and SDG reporting.
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