Your search found 56 records
1 de Lázaro Torres, M. L.; Uribeondo, P. B.; Yago, F. J. M. 2020. Citizen and educational initiatives to support Sustainable Development Goal 6: clean water and sanitation for all. Sustainability, 12(5):2073. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12052073]
Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Awareness raising ; Public education ; Indicators ; Climate change ; Water use efficiency ; Drinking water ; Water quality ; Gender ; Women ; Communities / Spain
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049575)
(6.75 MB) (6.75 MB)
Sustainable Development Goal 6 affirms the need to “ensure water availability, sustainable water management and sanitation for all” and thereby highlights a current problem in Spain caused by climate dynamics in the south and southeast of the peninsula and the islands. This study is based on a non-probabilistic online survey with 455 participants (n = 455) carried out to identify citizens’ views across the Autonomous Communities and detect good and bad practices, including efficiency gains and specific problems, derived from water management. Differences in perceptions were found regarding place of residence, gender, and education level, which were all especially significant in relation to territory. Generally, people who live in areas with greater water abundance are less aware of the need to make good use of it. There are no major differences in terms of gender, although there is a greater awareness among women about the effects of climate change and the need for good water management. It is argued that education should employ innovative materials and pedagogically motivating resources from school to university levels.
2 Kirschke, S.; Avellan, T.; Barlund, I.; Bogardi, J. J.; Carvalho, L.; Chapman, D.; Dickens, Chris W. S.; Irvine, K.; Lee, S.; Mehner, T.; Warner, S. 2020. Capacity challenges in water quality monitoring: understanding the role of human development. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(5):298. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8224-3]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Capacity building ; Human resources ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Indicators ; Decision making ; Strategies ; Technology ; Financing ; Environmental effects ; Surveys
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049662)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-020-8224-3.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049662.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049662.pdf
(0.81 MB) (828 KB)
Monitoring the qualitative status of freshwaters is an important goal of the international community, as stated in the Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) indicator 6.3.2 on good ambient water quality. Monitoring data are, however, lacking in many countries, allegedly because of capacity challenges of less-developed countries. So far, however, the relationship between human development and capacity challenges for water quality monitoring have not been analysed systematically. This hinders the implementation of fine-tuned capacity development programmes for water quality monitoring. Against this background, this study takes a global perspective in analysing the link between human development and the capacity challenges countries face in their national water quality monitoring programmes. The analysis is based on the latest data on the human development index and an international online survey amongst experts from science and practice. Results provide evidence of a negative relationship between human development and the capacity challenges to meet SDG 6.3.2 monitoring requirements. This negative relationship increases along the course of the monitoring process, from defining the enabling environment, choosing parameters for the collection of field data, to the analytics and analysis of five commonly used parameters (DO, EC, pH, TP and TN). Our assessment can be used to help practitioners improve technical capacity development activities and to identify and target investment in capacity development for monitoring.
3 Sadoff, Claudia W.; Borgomeo, E.; Uhlenbrook, Stefan. 2020. Rethinking water for SDG 6. Nature Sustainability, 3(5):346-347. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-0530-9]
Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Economic aspects ; Engineering ; Water management ; Water access ; Water policy ; Water governance ; Investment ; Water resources ; Drinking water ; Millennium Development Goals
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049713)
(0.75 MB)
The world is not on track to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 6 on clean water and sanitation by 2030. We urge a rapid change of the economics, engineering and management frameworks that guided water policy and investments in the past in order to address the water challenges of our time.
4 Dickin, S.; Bisung, E.; Nansi, J.; Charles, K. 2020. Empowerment in water, sanitation and hygiene index. World Development, 137:105158. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105158]
Women's empowerment ; Gender equality ; Water supply ; Sanitation ; Hygiene ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Decision making ; Public health ; Indicators ; Households ; Policies / Burkina Faso / Banfora
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050082)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X20302850/pdfft?md5=ea32674a103d1fa634063642fd2cf387&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X20302850-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050082.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050082.pdf
(0.79 MB) (804 KB)
Water, sanitation and hygiene services are often promoted as critical for women's empowerment and gender equality. Tools for monitoring water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) have focused largely on technical standards related to public health outcomes, overlooking those related to broader human wellbeing such as gender and social equality. The Empowerment in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Index (EWI) is a novel survey-based index designed to measure agency, participation and empowerment in the water and sanitation sector. The EWI can be used to assess gender outcomes of a WASH intervention and to monitor changes over time. Drawing on a multi-level conceptualization of empowerment, the EWI is comprised of a suite of indicators at individual, household, and societal levels. The EWI uses responses collected from a male and female respondent at the same household, and represents the proportion of women and men who are empowered, as well as the level of empowerment. We report the methodological approach and data from this pilot study in Burkina Faso. The findings highlight the importance of better understanding household- and community-level power and gender relations, such as decision-making related to household water or sanitation spending. By enabling measurement of women’s empowerment, practitioners and policy-makers can identify and incorporate more targeted strategies that address gender disparities and promote empowerment, and also monitor and evaluate their effectiveness.
5 UNESCO; UNESCO International Centre for Water Security and Sustainable Management (i-WSSM). 2020. Water reuse within a circular economy context. Paris, France: UNESCO; Daejeon, Republic of Korea: UNESCO International Centre for Water Security and Sustainable Management (i-WSSM). 218p. (Global Water Security Issues Series 2)
Water reuse ; Economic growth ; Wastewater treatment ; Recycling ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Water governance ; Water scarcity ; Water security ; Water management ; Industrial water use ; Drinking water ; Freshwater ; Irrigation ; Food production ; Water market ; Climate change ; Resource recovery ; Treatment plants ; Technology ; Legal frameworks ; Regulations ; Best practices ; Observation ; Decision making ; Policies ; Stakeholders ; Periurban areas ; Case studies ; Towns / Latin America / Caribbean / Singapore / Australia / Morocco / Iran Islamic Republic / Spain / Nigeria / India / Kenya / Brazil / Nairobi / Bengaluru / Iguazu River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050062)
https://unesdoc.unesco.org/in/documentViewer.xhtml?v=2.1.196&id=p::usmarcdef_0000374715&file=/in/rest/annotationSVC/DownloadWatermarkedAttachment/attach_import_1cd25cc1-2aee-472d-a7cc-0ab8c1be4b8a%3F_%3D374715eng.pdf&locale=en&multi=true&ark=/ark:/48223/pf0000374715/PDF/374715eng.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050062.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050062.pdf
(14.60 MB) (14.6 MB)
6 Zvobgo, L.; Do, P. 2020. COVID-19 and the call for ‘Safe Hands’: challenges facing the under-resourced municipalities that lack potable water access - a case study of Chitungwiza Municipality, Zimbabwe. Water Research X, 9:100074. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100074]
COVID-19 ; Hand hygiene ; Water supply ; Drinking water ; Sustainable use ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Water scarcity ; Water demand ; Infrastructure ; Water use ; Domestic water ; Households ; Urban areas ; Pandemics ; Public-private partnerships ; WHO ; Developing countries ; Case studies / Africa / Zimbabwe / Chitungwiza
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050152)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589914720300347/pdfft?md5=5a1c4ec9924ebf507621c32e0e51a45b&pid=1-s2.0-S2589914720300347-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050152.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050152.pdf
(1.76 MB) (1.76 MB)
Billions of people living in developing countries lack access to safe drinking water, not to mention water for handwashing, one of the most effective ways to contain the fast spreading novel coronavirus (COVID -19). The recent global spread of COVID-19 has fostered diverse initiatives such as the ‘Safe Hands’ challenge led by the World Health Organization. Individuals are encouraged to regularly wash their hands for 40–60 s under running water with soap. This call for ‘Safe Hands’ comes at a time when water insecurity and limited access to handwashing facilities in Africa is heightened. In this article, Chitungwiza city in Zimbabwe is used as a case study to assess the implications of the ‘Safe Hands’ challenge for poor municipalities in developing countries and characterize the challenges they face. To do so, interviews were conducted at water points/boreholes used by residents during Zimbabwe’s COVID-19 national lockdown. The calculation of water requirements for proper hand hygiene determined the capacity for water-stressed regions to effectively implement ‘Safe Hands’. On average, it was established that one person consumes an extra 4.5 L per day of water when they practice WHO ‘Safe Hands’ in the context of COVID-19. This increases domestic water demand in Chitungwiza by 9%. Due to water scarcity, people in Chitungwiza were experiencing challenges with practicing ‘Safe Hands’. With their ‘dry taps’ woes, they might not be able to meet the standards of this WHO challenge. Lack of soap also reduced the effectiveness of the ‘Safe Hands’ challenge. This paper proposes short- and long-term measures that would allow effective implementation of the ‘Safe Hands’ by means of sustainable potable water supply. These measures include extensive social awareness and temporary change of household water use behavior. Municipalities are recommended to establish public private partnerships (PPPs) to create immediate and long-term water investments. Structural and transformational reforms would enhance, through flexible planning, investments for both water infrastructure and governance. This narrative has the potential to improve the urban water systems resiliency against future pandemics.
7 African Development Bank (AfDB); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); GRID-Arendal. 2020. Sanitation and wastewater atlas of Africa. Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire: African Development Bank (AfDB); Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Arendal, Norway: GRID-Arendal. 284p.
Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Wastewater management ; Hygiene ; Municipal wastewater ; Industrial wastewater ; Agricultural wastewater ; Wastewater treatment ; Faecal sludge ; Latrines ; Water reuse ; Resource recovery ; Business models ; Economic aspects ; Water resources ; Drinking water ; Water quality ; Contamination ; Groundwater ; Regulations ; Drought stress ; Stormwater runoff ; Ecosystem services ; Environmental health ; Waterborne diseases ; Public health ; Health hazards ; Policies ; Institutions ; Governance ; Rural areas ; Population growth / Africa / Algeria / Angola / Benin / Botswana / Burkina Faso / Burundi / Cabo Verde / Cameroon / Central African Republic / Chad / Comoros / Congo / Cote d'Ivoire / Democratic Republic of the Congo / Djibouti / Egypt / Equatorial Guinea / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Gabon / Gambia / Ghana / Guinea / Guinea-Bissau / Kenya / Lesotho / Liberia / Libya / Madagascar / Malawi / Mali / Mauritania / Mauritius / Morocco / Mozambique / Namibia / Niger / Nigeria / Rwanda / Sao Tome and Principe / Senegal / Seychelles / Sierra Leone / Somalia / South Africa / South Sudan / Sudan / Eswatini / Togo / Tunisia / Uganda / United Republic of Tanzania / Zambia / Zimbabwe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050261)
https://www.afdb.org/sites/all/libraries/pdf.js/web/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afdb.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fpublications%2Fsanitation_and_wastewater_atlas_of_africa_compressed.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050261.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050261.pdf
(47.50 MB) (47.5 MB)
8 Harris, G. D.; Barron, J.; Uhlenbrook, Stefan; Hussein, H.; Choi, G. (Eds.) 2021. Special issue on selected papers from 2019 World Water Week. Water, (Special issue with contributions by IWMI authors)
Water policy ; Water governance ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Hygiene ; Gender ; Women's empowerment ; Water supply ; Rural areas ; Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Wastewater treatment ; Water scarcity ; Climate change ; Disaster risk reduction ; Flooding ; Drought ; Vulnerability ; Agricultural insurance ; International law ; Water law ; Water rights ; Conflicts ; Political aspects ; Displacement ; Refugees ; Water user associations ; Enterprises ; Financing / Middle East / North Africa / Latin America / Caribbean / Syrian Arab Republic / Lebanon / Jordan / Cambodia / India / Bangladesh / United Republic of Tanzania
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050271)
https://www.mdpi.com/journal/water/special_issues/2019_WWW
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050271_TOC.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050271_TOC.pdf
(0.50 MB)
9 Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S.; Dickens, Chris. 2021. Approaches to water monitoring. In Filho, W. L.; Azul, A. M.; Brandli, L.; Salvia, A. L.; Wall, T. (Eds.). Clean water and sanitation. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. 11p. (Online first). (Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70061-8_96-1]
Water quality ; Monitoring ; Approaches ; Assessment ; Water resources ; Rivers ; Lakes ; Groundwater ; Observation ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Indicators ; Citizen science
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050315)
(0.55 MB)
10 Ringler, C.; Agbonlahor, M.; Baye, K.; Barron, J.; Hafeez, Mohsin; Lundqvist, J.; Meenakshi, J. V.; Mehta, L.; Mekonnen, D.; Rojas-Ortuste, F.; Tankibayeva, A.; Uhlenbrook, Stefan. 2021. Water for food systems and nutrition. Food Systems Summit Brief prepared by research partners of the Scientific Group for the Food Systems Summit 2021. Bonn, Germany: University of Bonn. Center for Development Research (ZEF) in cooperation with the Scientific Group for the United Nations Food Systems Summit 2021. 13p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.48565/scfss2021-tg56]
Water security ; Food systems ; Nutrition ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Goal 2 Zero hunger ; Agriculture ; Water management ; Water scarcity ; Water pollution ; Malnutrition ; Health ; Climate change ; Environmental sustainability ; Ecosystems
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050435)
https://sc-fss2021.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/FSS_Brief_water_food_system.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050435.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050435.pdf
(0.98 MB) (0.98 MB)
Access to sufficient and clean freshwater is essential for all life. Water is also essential for food system functioning: as a key input into food production, but also in processing and preparation, and as a food itself. Water scarcity and pollution are growing, affecting poorer populations, particularly food producers. Malnutrition levels are also on the rise, and this is closely linked to water scarcity. Achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) and Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) are co-dependent. Solutions to jointly improve food systems and water security outcomes that the United Nations Food Security Summit (UNFSS) should consider include: 1) Strengthening efforts to retain water-based ecosystems and their functions; 2) Improving agricultural water management for better diets for all; 3) Reducing water and food losses beyond the farmgate; 4) Coordinating water with nutrition and health interventions; 5) Increasing the environmental sustainability of food systems; 6) Explicitly addressing social inequities in water-nutrition linkages; and 7) Improving data quality and monitoring for water-food system linkages, drawing on innovations in information and communications technology (ICT).
11 Dickens, Chris; McCartney, Matthew. 2021. Water-Related Ecosystems. In Filho, W. L.; Azul, A. M.; Brandli, L.; Salvia, A. L.; Wall, T. (Eds.). Clean water and sanitation. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. 10p. (Online first) (Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70061-8_100-1]
Freshwater ecosystems ; Ecosystem services ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Goal 13 Climate action ; Goal 15 Life on land ; Aquatic ecosystems ; Biodiversity ; Environmental flows ; Wetlands ; Rivers ; Water quality ; Development indicators
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050496)
(0.39 MB)
12 Dash, S.; Kalamdhad, A. S. 2021. Science mapping approach to critical reviewing of published literature on water quality indexing. Ecological Indicators, 128:107862. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107862]
Water quality ; Bibliometric analysis ; Research ; Surface water ; Drinking water ; Risk assessment ; Health hazards ; Groundwater ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation / India / Malaysia / Iran Islamic Republic / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050487)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21005276/pdfft?md5=a3e29c2ee7f228d8423f2dbc2ff4a7a2&pid=1-s2.0-S1470160X21005276-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050487.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050487.pdf
(6.91 MB) (6.91 MB)
Water quality has always remained paramount when it comes to sustainable development. The most convenient method of determining the health of a particular water body is through water quality indexing. Based on the filtered 2049 articles published, the present review-based study was conducted for a science-based mapping to evaluate the research in the domain of water quality indexing until 2020. A three-stage sequential process; bibliometric examination, scientometric investigation, and qualitative valuation resulted in the identification of the most influential and productive journals, researchers, articles, and countries dynamic in the research field. Keyword analysis further revealed that groundwater quality assessment for drinking water has been the key focus of research among scholars. The scientometric analysis was followed by a qualitative discussion on the current topics of research; mainly categorized into four classes, i.e., specific indices, human intervention, performance assessment and emerging technologies, and also highlighting some of the significant research gaps. This was followed by presenting a research framework wherein, plausible future directives were proposed. This study thus provides a more comprehensive picture on the existing researches carried out in the domain of water quality indexing, identifying the primary gaps and thereby providing multi-disciplinary guidance for various researchers and practitioners linked to the current research to the future.
13 Cai, J.; Zhao, D.; Varis, O. 2021. Match words with deeds: curbing water risk with the Sustainable Development Goal 6 index. Journal of Cleaner Production, 318:128509. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128509]
Water security ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Water resources ; Risk assessment ; Water management ; Drinking water ; Water quality ; Water productivity ; Indicators ; Water stress ; Water availability ; Water governance ; Policies ; International cooperation ; Socioeconomic development
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050574)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652621027190/pdfft?md5=ac88b60bf96530cf148c5b168e860ff1&pid=1-s2.0-S0959652621027190-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050574.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050574.pdf
(7.16 MB) (7.16 MB)
Since the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development being unanimously endorsed worldwide in 2015, how to achieve sustainable water security in accordance with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 targets has become a new measure of curbing water risk. In this study, the composite SDG 6 index (SDG6I) was developed exclusively on the basis of the SDG 6 targets for the first time. The seven SDG indicators covering five outcome-based targets were selected to systematically portray diverse water challenges (drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, wastewater treatment, water productivity, water stress, water resources management, and transboundary cooperation) for integrated water risk assessment. A quantitative spatial analysis was conducted to reveal the global implementation baseline of the SDG 6 indicators and subsequently the SDG6I by 232 countries and territories where the SDG 6 dimensions (water accessibility, water quality, water availability, and water governance) have taken the lead and fallen behind in development. First, most countries are on track to achieve universal water accessibility by 2030, yet African countries in general need to strengthen the implementation capacity of service coverage. Second, mostly only countries in Australia and New Zealand as well as Europe and Northern America are on track to achieve the targets of water quality and water availability. Third, water governance confronts the prominent challenges, both in water resources management and transboundary cooperation globally. Curbing water risk entails adequate policy measures. These measures— such as promoting socioeconomic development, improving policy effectiveness, and fostering multi-level governance and collaboration—need to be designed and implemented through nexus thinking to deliver sustainable water security.
14 Anthonj, C. 2021. Contextualizing linkages between water security and global health in Africa, Asia and Europe. Geography matters in research, policy and practice. Water Security, 13:100093. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2021.100093]
Water security ; Public health ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Water, sanitation and hygiene ; Monitoring ; Policies ; Extreme weather events ; Flooding ; Drinking water ; Water quality ; Infectious diseases ; Health hazards ; Waste management ; Wetlands ; Infrastructure ; Communities ; Stakeholders / Africa / Asia / Europe / Small Island Developing States / Kenya / Namibia / Nigeria
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050600)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468312421000109/pdfft?md5=a4b1165e55c3395137ed9918c1393cb6&pid=1-s2.0-S2468312421000109-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050600.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050600.pdf
(3.36 MB) (3.36 MB)
The linkages between water security and global health vary in space and time. Just like water connects every aspect of life, geography relates everything to everything else. Therefore, in order to address challenges at the interface of water security and global health, the use and application of medical geography, a sub-discipline of geography, is helpful in research, policy and practice.
Using different water security pathway classifications (diminished water supply or quality, increased water demand, and extreme flood events) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and targets as a frame, this paper looks at water and health challenges from different angles and from a holistic perspective, while contextualizing them. Drawing on five practical examples, including water-related infectious disease exposure in watersheds in semi-arid Kenya, health system response in floodplains in Namibia, public health implications in a protracted emergency setting in arid Northeast Nigeria, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) monitoring in households, schools and healthcare facilities in Small Island Developing States in the South Pacific, and WASH-related challenges and disease exposures among marginalized ethnic minority populations in Europe, the applicability and usefulness of geography contextualizations in research, policy-makers and practitioners is presented. Moreover, cross-cutting topics and contextualizations, beyond water security and global health, including climate- and weather-related extreme events, inequality, health- and water-related education, risk perceptions and behaviour, and the cultural context, are highlighted to showcase the value of applying medical geography in understanding the key drivers, barriers and bottlenecks in complex situations; recommending actionable and contextualized measures to address these challenges; directing programming and interventions; and informing policy-making to tackle and solve these challenges.
Using different water security pathway classifications (diminished water supply or quality, increased water demand, and extreme flood events) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and targets as a frame, this paper looks at water and health challenges from different angles and from a holistic perspective, while contextualizing them. Drawing on five practical examples, including water-related infectious disease exposure in watersheds in semi-arid Kenya, health system response in floodplains in Namibia, public health implications in a protracted emergency setting in arid Northeast Nigeria, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) monitoring in households, schools and healthcare facilities in Small Island Developing States in the South Pacific, and WASH-related challenges and disease exposures among marginalized ethnic minority populations in Europe, the applicability and usefulness of geography contextualizations in research, policy-makers and practitioners is presented. Moreover, cross-cutting topics and contextualizations, beyond water security and global health, including climate- and weather-related extreme events, inequality, health- and water-related education, risk perceptions and behaviour, and the cultural context, are highlighted to showcase the value of applying medical geography in understanding the key drivers, barriers and bottlenecks in complex situations; recommending actionable and contextualized measures to address these challenges; directing programming and interventions; and informing policy-making to tackle and solve these challenges.
15 Ringler, C.; Agbonlahor, M.; Baye, K.; Barron, J.; Hafeez, Mohsin; Lundqvist, J.; Meenakshi, J. V.; Mehta, L.; Mekonnen, D.; Rojas-Ortuste, F.; Tankibayeva, A.; Uhlenbrook, Stefan. 2021. Water for food systems and nutrition. Food Systems Summit Brief. In von Braun, J.; Afsana, K.; Fresco, L. O.; Hassan, M. (Eds.). Science and innovations for food systems transformation and summit actions: papers by the Scientific Group and its partners in support of the UN Food Systems Summit 2021. Bonn, Germany: University of Bonn. Center for Development Research (ZEF). pp.251-259.
Water security ; Food systems ; Nutrition ; Food security ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Goal 2 Zero hunger ; Agriculture ; Water management ; Irrigation ; Water scarcity ; Water pollution ; Malnutrition ; Health ; Climate change ; Environmental sustainability ; Ecosystems
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050672)
https://sc-fss2021.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ScGroup_Reader_UNFSS2021.pdf#page=264
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050672.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050672.pdf
(2.01 MB) (29.4 MB)
Access to sufficient and clean freshwater is essential for all life. Water is also essential for food system functioning: as a key input into food production, but also in processing and preparation, and as a food itself. Water scarcity and pollution are growing, affecting poorer populations, particularly food producers. Malnutrition levels are also on the rise, and this is closely linked to water scarcity. The achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 and SDG 6 are co-dependent. Solutions to jointly improve food systems and water security outcomes that the United Nations Food Security Summit (UNFSS) should consider include: 1) strengthening efforts to retain water-based ecosystems and their functions; 2) improving agricultural water management for better diets for all; 3) reducing water and food losses beyond the farmgate; 4) coordinating water with nutrition and health interventions; 5) increasing the environmental sustainability of food systems; 6) explicitly addressing social inequities in water-nutrition linkages; and 7) improving data quality and monitoring for water-food system linkages, drawing on innovations in information and communications technology (ICT).
16 Taylor, J.; Graham, M.; Louw, A.; Lepheana, A.; Madikizela, B.; Dickens, Chris; Chapman, D. V.; Warner, S. 2022. Social change innovations, citizen science, miniSASS and the SDGs. Water Policy, 24(5):708-717. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.264]
Social change ; Innovation ; Citizen science ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Stakeholders ; Water quality ; Monitoring / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050675)
https://iwaponline.com/wp/article-pdf/24/5/708/1050904/024050708.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050675.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050675.pdf
(0.46 MB) (475 KB)
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) describe a course of action to address poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all (https://sdgs.un.org/goals). More specifically, SDG 6 clarifies how water quality, quantity and access are crucial to human well-being, and yet human activities are compromising water resources through over-exploitation, pollution, as well as contributing to the spread of disease. Globally aquatic ecosystems are highly threatened and concerted efforts by governments and civil society to ‘turn the situation around’ are simply not working. Human-created problems require human-centred solutions and these require different ways of thinking and acting to those behaviour patterns that are contributing to the challenges. In this paper, we first consider causal approaches to attitude change and behaviour modification that are simply not working as intended. We then explore enabling responses such as citizen science and co-engaged action learning as more tenable alternatives. SDG 6 has a focus on clean water and sanitation for all. The SDGs further clarify how the extent to which this goal can be realized depends, to a large extent, on stakeholder engagements and education. Through stakeholder engagements and educational processes, people can contribute towards SDG 6 and the specific indicator and target in SDG 6.b – Stakeholder participation. Following a three-year research process, that investigated a wide range of participatory tools, this paper explores how the Stream Assessment Scoring System (miniSASS; www.minisass.org) can enable members of the public to engage in water quality monitoring at a local level. The paper continues to demonstrate how miniSASS can contribute to the monitoring of progress towards Sustainable Development Goal Target 6.3, by providing a mechanism for data collection indicator 6.3.2. miniSASS is proving popular in southern Africa as a methodology for engaging stakeholder participation in water quality monitoring and management. The technique costs very little to implement and can be applied by children and scientists alike. As a biomonitoring approach, it is based on families of macroinvertebrates that are present in most perennial rivers of the world. The paper concludes by describing how useful the miniSASS technique can be for addressing data gaps for SDG 6.3.2 reporting, and that it can be applied in most regions of the world.
17 Sarkar, S. K.; Bharat, G. K. 2021. Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in water and sanitation sectors in India. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 11(5):693-705. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2021.002]
Water, sanitation and hygiene ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Drinking water ; Policies ; Climate change ; Economic development ; Public health ; Water supply ; Households ; Toilets ; Defaecation ; Faecal sludge / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050700)
https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article-pdf/11/5/693/937634/washdev0110693.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050700.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050700.pdf
(0.38 MB) (384 KB)
India, with over 1.37 billion population and housing one-sixth of the world's inhabitants, has a significant role to play in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper analyses the policies and programmes of the Government of India, towards the achievement of Targets 6.1 and 6.2 of SDG-6 that focus on safe drinking water and sanitation. The alignment of the policies and programmes is discussed in correlation of the output, outcome, and impacts on these targets of SDG 6. The Swachh Bharat (Clean India) Mission (SBM) launched in 2014 led the country with more than 98% of households having access to toilets. The Jal Jeevan Mission has the ambitious target of universal coverage of drinking water supply. While these programmes have led to the overall development, a vast scope of improvement in these sectors exists especially considering the growing population, economic activity, urbanisation, and climate change impacts. Analysis also shows that adequate quantitative and qualitative data on the implementation of the various policies and programmes would be instrumental in synergising the implementation of the SDGs. A systems-thinking approach for sustaining the efforts of the ongoing programmes and ensuring equitable benefits of development in the water and sanitation sectors in India is recommended.
18 Boni, A.; Velasco, D.; Tau, M. 2021. The role of transformative innovation for SDGs localisation. Insights from the South-African “Living Catchments Project”. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 22(4):737-747. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/19452829.2021.1986688]
Sustainable Development Goals ; Transformation ; Innovation ; Water management ; Development projects ; Catchment areas ; Policies ; Sustainability ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050744)
(1.77 MB)
The 2030 Agenda positioned Science, Technology and Innovation as crucial means for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper explores how a localised South-African policy experiment named the “Living Catchments Project” (LC Project) contributes towards the SDGs. This project is part of a portfolio of experiments to trigger innovation for transformative change in South Africa. The LCP team worked directly with the Transformative Innovation Policy Consortium (TIPC) researchers adding a transformative layer to the project’s design and implementation. The project embraces uncertainty and complexity by promoting experimentation to inform and facilitate learning processes and changes in people, organisations and institutions. Additionally, we combine the TIP perspective with core concepts of the capability approach: capabilities, agency, democratic deliberation and conversion factors. With this integrated approach, we explore what the capability approach can offer to the LC Project. We conclude with policy recommendations on the potentialities and constraints of the combined TIP- capability approach for achieving the SDGs and conducting transformative innovation experiments.
19 Timmerman, J. G.; de Vries, S.; Berendsen, M.; van Dokkum, R.; van de Guchte, C.; Vlaanderen, N.; Broek, E.; van der Horst, A. 2021. The information strategy model: a framework for developing a monitoring strategy for national policy making and SDG6 reporting. Water International, 19p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2021.1973856]
Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Information needs ; Business models ; Monitoring ; Strategies ; Frameworks ; Decision making ; Water management ; Policies ; Stakeholders ; Indicators
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050816)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02508060.2021.1973856
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050816.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050816.pdf
(2.74 MB) (2.74 MB)
Representatives from 14 countries worldwide worked together on improving their monitoring and ultimately their water management to reach the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 goals by 2030, thereby testing the Information Strategy Model (ISM). This model is developed to support identifying the need for information for water management. In a workshop setting, participants were instructed and subsequently developed the ISM for their own situation. The results show that the ISM fulfils its task of structuring the development and improvement of a monitoring network, but can be enhanced by adding detailed information for specific elements and needs explanation and assistance to be of use.
20 Kurian, M.; Kojima, Y. 2021. Boundary science: re-imagining water-energy-food interactions in the context of a data light approach to monitoring the environment- development nexus. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. 158p.
Water resources ; Energy ; Food security ; Nexus ; Monitoring and evaluation ; Environmental management ; Governance ; Environmental policies ; Decision making ; Institutions ; Non-governmental organizations ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Wastewater management ; Water reuse ; Water supply ; Resilience ; Natural resources ; Soil erosion ; Open access ; Modelling ; Citizen science ; Social networks ; Public services
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H050768)
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