Your search found 16 records
1 Khan, S.; Rana, T.; Hanjra, M. A.; Robinson, D. 2011. Decision support model for water policy in the presence of waterlogging and salinity. Water Policy, 13(2):187-207. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.024]
Decision support ; Models ; Water policy ; Waterlogging ; Salinity ; Irrigation management ; Groundwater recharge ; River basins / Australia / Murray-Darling Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045615)
(0.63 MB)
Irrigation improves food security and human wellbeing. Poorly managed irrigation can raise watertables inducing waterlogging and salinity. Excessive groundwater withdrawals can lower watertables, impacting drainage and interlinked hydroeconomic systems. Sustainable irrigation management thus remains a global water policy challenge. This study develops a framework for using market-based instruments for net groundwater recharge management to mitigate waterlogging and salinity, taking selected settings in the Murray–Darling Basin in Australia as a case study. The SWAGMAN series of models are developed which enable farmers to meet their paddock-scale recharge targets while optimizing profits, and to link their onfarm land and water management actions to regional recharge goals. Spatial quantification of recharge effectively converts a diffuse source groundwater recharge issue to a point source problem, enabling assignment of private property rights to a common pool issue. Integrated hydrological, economic, and institutional models, as well as farm case studies, are used to evaluate the efficiency of various net recharge management options, specifically a cap-and-trade model. The results show that the net gains from the scheme would be small, about 1% of annual farm income, which do not support its outright adoption. Consideration of offsite/indirect impacts may, however, alter this calculus.
2 Neji, H. B. B.; Turki, S. Y. 2015. GIS – based multicriteria decision analysis for the delimitation of an agricultural perimeter irrigated with treated wastewater. Agricultural Water Management, 162:78-86. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.08.020]
Water reuse ; Wastewater treatment ; Water resources ; GIS ; Spatial database ; Decision support ; Sensitivity analysis ; Irrigation schemes ; Drainage systems ; Farmers ; Living standards ; Farm income ; Sustainability ; Health hazards ; Case studies / Tunisia / Cebala Irrigated Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047741)
(1.16 MB)
Treated wastewater resource is underexploited in Cebala’s Irrigated scheme (Northern Tunisia) and farmers are reluctant to reuse it. The delimitation of the irrigated area will help enhance the global economic profitability of the perimeter not only by reducing the operation and maintenance costs but also by optimizing the reuse activity according to the farmers’ demands, their aspirations and aims. Thus, the aim of this paper is to consider reducing the surface of the irrigated area, keeping only the parcels where the resource is highly demanded. A spatial data analysis using a multicriteria decision technique (compromise programming—CP) and a geographical information system was carried out to choose the best scenario. To this end, five zones where breeding activity is well developed and the non-conventional resource highly demanded were identified as the closest delimitations to the ideal solution. The Compromise programming method was used to rank these solutions. Finally, a surface of 2485 ha was identified as the best delimitation scenario, corresponding to the area where breeding activity is well developed.
3 Dhaubanjar, Sanita; Pandey, Vishnu Prasad; Bharati, Luna. 2020. Climate futures for western Nepal based on regional climate models in the CORDEX-SA [Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment for South Asia]. International Journal of Climatology, 40(4):2201-2225. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6327]
Climate change ; Forecasting ; Models ; Water resources ; Impact assessment ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Uncertainty ; Risk assessment ; Meteorological stations ; Decision support ; Mountains / South Asia / Nepal / Karnali
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049417)
(20.90 MB)
With the objective to provide a basis for regional climate models (RCMs) selection and ensemble generation for climate impact assessments, we perform the first ever analysis of climate projections for Western Nepal from 19 RCMs in the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment for South Asia (CORDEX-SA). Using the climate futures (CF) framework, projected changes in annual total precipitation and average minimum/maximum temperature from the RCMs are classified into 18 CF matrices for two representative concentration pathways (RCPs: 4.5/8.5), three future time frames (2021–2045/2046–2070/2071–2095), three geographic regions (mountains/hills/plains) and three representative CF (low-risk/consensus/ high-risk). Ten plausible CF scenario ensembles were identified to assess future water availability in Karnali basin, the headwaters of the Ganges. Comparison of projections for the three regions with literature shows that spatial disaggregation possible using RCMs is important, as local values are often higher with higher variability than values for South Asia. Characterization of future climate using raw and bias-corrected data shows that RCM projections vary most between mountain and Tarai plains with increasing divergence for higher future and RCPs. Warmer temperatures, prolonged monsoon and sporadic rain events even in drier months are likely across all regions. Highest fluctuations in precipitation are projected for the hills and plains while highest changes in temperature are projected for the mountains. Trends in change in annual average discharge for the scenarios vary across the basin with both precipitation and temperature change influencing the hydrological cycle. CF matrices provide an accessible and simplified basis to systematically generate application-specific plausible climate scenario ensembles from all available RCMs for a rigorous impact assessment.
4 Croeser, T.; Garrard, G.; Sharma, R.; Ossola, A.; Bekessy, S. 2021. Choosing the right nature-based solutions to meet diverse urban challenges. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 65:127337. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127337]
Urban planning ; Decision support ; Decision making ; Decision analysis ; Nature conservation ; Forestry ; Ecosystem services ; Cities ; Sensitivity analysis ; Uncertainty
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050640)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1618866721003642/pdfft?md5=0a864d739151c1766e7166071a8db891&pid=1-s2.0-S1618866721003642-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050640.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050640.pdf
(2.03 MB) (2.03 MB)
Increasing focus on Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in cities has significantly expanded the range of applications in which urban nature is considered useful, as well as the range of NBS available. Traditional parks, gardens and street trees now sit alongside innovative approaches including rooftop pollinator habitats, constructed wetlands and hydroponic green facades, each of which has its own particular challenges and benefits. This variety of solutions introduces an important new decision-making challenge for cities wishing to implement NBS: choosing the right set of specific NBS interventions.
Decision support tools such as Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can help navigate complex decisions, but their application to urban NBS selection decisions has been limited. Current NBS assessment frameworks tend to either give highly aggregated results, or are tailored to only one specific ecosystem service. Here we demonstrate a novel application of MCDA to the practical challenge of selecting a set of NBS to address multiple urban challenges. The MCDA tool developed here was used in seven cities participating in the European Union project ‘Urban GreenUP’. We describe the development and use of the MCDA tool, and explore how cities used the tool to guide NBS selection. We also evaluate the tool using sensitivity analysis and feedback from users.
We find that participating cities are seeking to balance a large number of possible benefits from NBS solutions, and the tool proved useful for navigating the selection decision. Users identified opportunities to improve the tool’s usability and clarity. They also noted a key strength of the tool as a prompt for co-production of knowledge and decisions. Collectively, these findings advance the design and application of tools to support complex decisions about selecting NBS to address diverse urban challenges.
Decision support tools such as Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can help navigate complex decisions, but their application to urban NBS selection decisions has been limited. Current NBS assessment frameworks tend to either give highly aggregated results, or are tailored to only one specific ecosystem service. Here we demonstrate a novel application of MCDA to the practical challenge of selecting a set of NBS to address multiple urban challenges. The MCDA tool developed here was used in seven cities participating in the European Union project ‘Urban GreenUP’. We describe the development and use of the MCDA tool, and explore how cities used the tool to guide NBS selection. We also evaluate the tool using sensitivity analysis and feedback from users.
We find that participating cities are seeking to balance a large number of possible benefits from NBS solutions, and the tool proved useful for navigating the selection decision. Users identified opportunities to improve the tool’s usability and clarity. They also noted a key strength of the tool as a prompt for co-production of knowledge and decisions. Collectively, these findings advance the design and application of tools to support complex decisions about selecting NBS to address diverse urban challenges.
5 Andersson, E.; Haase, D.; Anderson, P.; Cortinovis, C.; Goodness, J.; Kendal, D.; Lausch, A.; McPhearson, T.; Sikorska, D.; Wellmann, T. 2021. What are the traits of a social-ecological system: towards a framework in support of urban sustainability. npj Urban Sustainability, 1:14. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-020-00008-4]
Urban development ; Sustainability ; Frameworks ; Governance ; Social aspects ; Ecology ; Towns ; Ecosystems ; Indicators ; Decision support ; Decision making
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050691)
(1.45 MB) (1.45 MB)
To ensure that cities and urban ecosystems support human wellbeing and overall quality of life we need conceptual frameworks that can connect different scientific disciplines as well as research and practice. In this perspective, we explore the potential of a traits framework for understanding social-ecological patterns, dynamics, interactions, and tipping points in complex urban systems. To do so, we discuss what kind of framing, and what research, that would allow traits to (1) link the sensitivity of a given environmental entity to different globally relevant pressures, such as land conversion or climate change to its social-ecological consequences; (2) connect to human appraisal and diverse bio-cultural sense-making through the different cues and characteristics people use to detect change or articulate value narratives, and (3) examine how and under what conditions this new approach may trigger, inform, and support decision making in land/resources management at different scales.
6 Pearson, C. J.; Reaney, S. M.; Perks, M. T.; Hortobagyi, B.; Rosser, N. J.; Large, A. R. G. 2022. Identification of floodwater source areas in Nepal using SCIMAP-Flood. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 16p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12840]
Floodwater ; Catchment areas ; Flooding ; Rainfall patterns ; Decision support ; Geographical information systems ; Satellite imagery ; Rainfed farming ; Land cover / Nepal / East Rapti Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051295)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfr3.12840
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051295.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051295.pdf
(8.79 MB) (8.79 MB)
Practical approaches for managing flooding from fluvial sources are moving away from mitigation solely at the point of impact and towards integrated catchment management. This considers the source areas, flow pathways of floodwaters and the locations and exposure to the risk of communities. For a field site in southern Nepal, we analyse catchment response to a range of simulated rainfall events, which when evaluated collectively can help guide potential flood management solutions. This is achieved through the adoption of SCIMAP-Flood, a decision support framework that works at the catchment-scale to identify critical source areas for floodwaters. The SCIMAP-Flood Fitted inverse modelling approach has been applied to the East Rapti catchment, Nepal. For multiple flood impact locations throughout the catchment, SCIMAP-Flood effectively identifies locations where flood management measures would have the most positive effects on risk reduction. The results show that the spatial targeting of mitigation measures in areas of irrigated and rainfed agriculture and the prevention of deforestation or removal of shrubland would be the most effective approaches. If these actions were in the upper catchment above Hetauda or upstream of Manahari they would have the most effective reduction in the flood peak.
7 Saletti, A. O.; Lindhe, A.; Soderqvist, T.; Rosen, L. 2023. Cost to society from infiltration and inflow to wastewater systems. Water Research, 229:119505. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.119505]
Waste water treatment plants ; Infiltration ; Decision support ; Cost benefit analysis ; Uncertainty ; Pumping ; Sensitivity analysis ; Investment funds ; Sewage ; Case studies / Sweden / Gothenburg
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051594)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135422014506/pdfft?md5=4ed4399df45c84ca13a27d9129ed265c&pid=1-s2.0-S0043135422014506-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051594.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051594.pdf
(1.73 MB) (1.73 MB)
Water from infiltration and inflow to wastewater systems is an extensive problem causing costs to society in various ways. Comprehensive methods for supporting decisions on how to efficiently mitigate the problems in a sustainable manner are, however, missing today. This paper presents a novel risk-based model to assess the cost to society from infiltration and inflow to wastewater systems by monetising effects related to treatment of wastewater, pumping, combined sewer overflows, and basement flooding. The present value is calculated for a specified time horizon and discount rate, using a cost-benefit analysis approach. To acknowledge the various uncertainties, a probabilistic approach is applied where probability distributions represent the input variables. The model is shown to be applicable by illustrating its use in a case study area in Gothenburg, Sweden. Main results from the case study show that most of the costs are related to investments at the wastewater treatment plant and restoration due to basement flooding events. Sensitivity analyses show that the result is highly dependent on factors such as the volume of infiltration and inflow water, the share of basement flooding, and the discount rate. Using expert elicitation to quantify input data is also illustrated and shown to be a valuable method. The presented model fills an important research knowledge gap and will facilitate a more sustainable and comprehensive handling of water from infiltration and inflow.
8 Filippi, M. E.; Barcena, A.; Trogrlic, R. S.; Cremen, G.; Mentes, E. Y.; Gentile, R.; Creed, M. J.; Jenkins, L. T.; Kalaycioglu, M.; Poudel, D. P.; Muthusamy, M.; Manandhar, V.; Adhikari, S.; Rai, M.; Dhakal, A.; Barake, B.; Tarbali, K.; Galasso, C.; McCloskey, J. 2023. Interdisciplinarity in practice: reflections from early-career researchers developing a risk-informed decision support environment for Tomorrow's cities. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 85:103481. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103481]
Interdisciplinary research ; Scientists ; Decision support ; Disaster risk management ; Political aspects ; Case studies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051612)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212420922007002/pdfft?md5=1f21b4dfd1aa61daf4bf426d2924ce68&pid=1-s2.0-S2212420922007002-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051612.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051612.pdf
(5.15 MB) (5.15 MB)
The concept of disaster risk is cross-disciplinary by nature and reducing disaster risk has become of interest for various disciplines. Yet, moving from a collection of multiple disciplinary perspectives to integrated interdisciplinary disaster risk approaches remains a fundamental challenge. This paper reflects on the experience of a group of early-career researchers spanning physical scientists, engineers and social scientists from different organisations across the global North and global South who came together to lead the refinement, operationalisation and testing of a risk-informed decision support environment for Tomorrow's Cities (TCDSE). Drawing on the notions of subjects and boundary objects, members of the group reflect on their individual and collective journey of transgressing disciplinary boundaries across three case studies between June–December 2021: operationalisation process of the TCDSE; development of a virtual urban testbed as a demonstration case for the implementation of the TCDSE; and consolidation of frequently asked questions about the TCDSE for communication purposes. The paper argues that (1) the production of boundary objects in interdisciplinary research nurtures relations of reciprocal recognition and the emergence of interdisciplinary subjects; (2) the intrinsic characteristics of boundary objects define the norms of engagement between disciplinary subjects and constrain the expression of interdisciplinary contradictions; and (3) affects and operations of power explain the contingent settlement of interdisciplinary disagreements and the emergence of new knowledge. Activating the interdisciplinary capacities of early-career researchers across disciplines and geographies is a fundamental step towards transforming siloed research practices to reduce disaster risk.
9 Miralles-Wilhelm, F.; Matthews, J. H.; Karres, N.; Abell, R.; Dalton, J.; Kang, S.-T.; Liu, J.; Maendly, R.; Matthews, N.; McDonald, R.; Munoz-Castillo, R.; Ochoa-Tocachi, B. F.; Pradhan, N.; Rodriguez, D.; Vigerstol, K.; van Wesenbeeck, B. 2023. Emerging themes and future directions in watershed resilience research. Water Security, 18:100132. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2022.100132]
Watershed management ; Watershed services ; Watersheds ; Persistence ; Resilience ; Research ; Assessment ; Stakeholders ; Water resources ; Decision making ; Decision support ; Vegetation ; Floodplains ; Ecosystem services ; Water security ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Infrastructure ; Uncertainty ; Restoration
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051791)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468312422000232/pdfft?md5=3cc14f6df982ed4982c6274585d6a0e4&pid=1-s2.0-S2468312422000232-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051791.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051791.pdf
(0.92 MB) (940 KB)
A review of ecological, social, engineering, and integrative approaches to define and apply resilience thinking is presented and comparatively discussed in the context of watershed management. Knowledge gaps are identified through an assessment of this literature and compilation of a set of research questions through stakeholder engagement activities. We derive a proposed research agenda describing key areas of inquiry such as watershed resilience variables and their interactions; leveraging watershed natural properties, processes, and dynamics to facilitate and enable resilience; analytical methods and tools including monitoring, modeling, metrics, and scenario planning, and their applications to watersheds at different spatial and temporal scales, and infusing resilience concepts as core values in watershed adaptive management.
10 Sinha, S. K.; Davis, C.; Gardoni, P.; Babbar-Sebens, M.; Stuhr, M.; Huston, D.; Cauffman, S.; Williams, W. D.; Alanis, L. G.; Anand, H.; Vishwakarma, A. 2023. Water sector infrastructure systems resilience: a social–ecological–technical system-of-systems and whole-life approach. Cambridge Prisms: Water, 1:e4. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/wat.2023.3]
Resilience ; Social aspects ; Ecological factors ; Infrastructure ; Sustainability ; Drinking water ; Wastewater ; Vulnerability ; Stormwater runoff ; Sea level ; Decision support
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052012)
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/016FD3C12713C918AF336D077984CA94/S2755177623000035a.pdf/water-sector-infrastructure-systems-resilience-a-social-ecological-technical-system-of-systems-and-whole-life-approach.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052012.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052012.pdf
(2.82 MB) (2.82 MB)
Water is often referred to as our most precious resource, and for a good reason – drinking water and wastewater services sustain core functions of the critical infrastructure, communities, and human life itself. Our water systems are threatened by aging infrastructure, floods, drought, storms, earthquakes, sea level rise, population growth, cyber-security breaches, and pollution, often in combination. Marginalized communities inevitably feel the worst impacts, and our response continues to be hampered by fragmented and antiquated governance and management practices. This paper focuses on the resilience of water sector (drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater [DWS]) to three major hazards (Sea-Level Rise, Earthquake, and Cyberattack). The purpose of this paper is to provide information useful for creating and maintaining resilient water system services. The term resilience describes the ability to adapt to changing conditions and to withstand and recover from disruptions. The resilience of DWS systems is of utmost importance to modern societies that are highly dependent on continued access to these water sector services. This review covers the terminology on water sector resilience and the assessment of a broad landscape of threats mapped with the proposed framework. A more detailed discussion on two areas of resilience is given: Physical Resilience, which is currently a major factor influencing disruptions and failures in DWS systems, and Digital Resilience, which is a rapidly increasing concern for modern infrastructure systems. The resilience of DWS systems should be considered holistically, inclusive of social, digital, and physical systems. The framework integrates various perspectives on water system threats by showcasing interactions between the parts of the DWS systems and their environment. While the challenges of change, shock and stresses are inevitable, embracing a social–ecological–technical system-of-systems and whole-life approach will allow us to better understand and operationalize resilience.
11 Bhatta, A.; Le, T. M.; Wetser, K.; Kujawa-Roeleveld, K.; Rijnaarts, H. H. M. 2023. Stakeholder-based decision support model for selection of alternative water sources - a path towards sustainable industrial future in Vietnam. Journal of Cleaner Production, 385:135539. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135539]
Decision support ; Models ; Stakeholders ; Brackish water ; Climate change ; Freshwater ; Rainwater harvesting ; Water supply ; Infrastructure ; Water treatment ; Water resources / Vietnam / Ho Chi Minh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052039)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652622051137/pdfft?md5=1c83bad71dcabe823f0529386f1be8ef&pid=1-s2.0-S0959652622051137-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052039.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052039.pdf
(2.25 MB) (2.25 MB)
The combined effect of climate change, rapid industrialisation and traditional water use has created freshwater stress situations in industrial delta regions. Alternative Water Sources (AWSs) offer opportunities to mitigate the freshwater stress issue and, thus, contribute to a sustainable industrial future. This study developed a Decision Support Model (DSM) to assist the decision-makers in selecting the most feasible AWS. In the study location, Tan Thuan Export and Processing Zone (TTZ) of Ho Chi Minh City, rainwater, industrial effluent and brackish water were selected as AWS options and evaluated for technical, environmental, economic, social and institutional criteria. The stakeholder organisations representing government organisations, industrial-zone management organisations and enterprises were selected as decision-makers based on their willingness to explore AWSs. Four DSM scenarios were derived from the varying decision-making power of the selected stakeholder organisations. The results obtained from applying DSM in TTZ showed rainwater as the most feasible AWS for all the scenarios, while the rank of other AWSs fluctuated for different scenarios. To implement the result of DSM in practice, the government should not only focus on formulating clear technological guidelines on AWS quality but also on providing subsidies and creating an environment of social acceptance of AWSs. The DSM allows the decision-makers to determine the most capable AWS in mitigating freshwater stress issues and the changes required to shift towards these AWSs.
12 Turral, H. 2023. Water quality management in the context of river basins. In Drechsel, Pay; Marjani Zadeh, S.; Salcedo, F. P. (Eds.). Water quality in agriculture: risks and risk mitigation. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.119-130.
Water quality ; River basins ; Agriculture ; Water pollution ; Pollutants ; Environmental factors ; Modelling ; Decision support ; Geographical information systems ; Remote sensing ; Citizen science
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052249)
(3.84 MB)
13 International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Department of Strategy and Statistics (DSS) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Maritime Fisheries, Rural Development, Water and Forests of the Kingdom of Morocco. 2022. MENAdrought project achievements and prospects in Morocco: final report. Project report prepared by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) for the Bureau for the Middle East of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Washington, DC, USA: USAID; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 18p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.200]
Drought ; Monitoring ; Early warning systems ; Impact assessment ; Planning ; Risk reduction ; Policies ; Risk management ; Climate change ; Weather hazards ; Indicators ; Decision support ; Precipitation ; Forecasting ; Models ; Water security ; Food security ; Stakeholders / Middle East / North Africa / Morocco
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052338)
(2.46 MB)
14 Bergaoui, Karim; Belhaj Fraj, Makram; Fragaszy, Stephen; Ghanim, A.; Hamadin, O.; Al-Karablieh, E.; Fakih, M.; Salama, S.; Fayad, A.; Yessef, M.; Belghrissi, H.; Hassels, T.; Ali, Marwa; Badr, H.; Hazra, A.; Nie, W.; Arsenault, K.; Hayes, M.; Svoboda, M.; McDonnell, Rachael. 2022. MENAdrought synthesis of drought monitoring, early warning, and seasonal forecasting tools and capability development: final report. Project report prepared by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) for the Bureau for the Middle East of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Washington, DC, USA: USAID; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 74p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.202]
Drought ; Monitoring ; Early warning systems ; Forecasting ; Decision support ; Vulnerability ; Impact assessment ; Indicators ; Policies ; Water security ; Food security ; Water scarcity ; Disaster preparedness ; Precipitation ; Stream flow ; Modelling ; Collaboration ; Research for development ; Technology transfer ; Stakeholders ; Training / Middle East / North Africa / Jordan / Lebanon / Morocco
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052340)
(1.48 MB)
15 Pattinson, N. B.; Taylor, J.; Dickens, Chris W. S.; Graham, P. M. 2023. Digital innovation in citizen science to enhance water quality monitoring in developing countries. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 37p. (IWMI Working Paper 210) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2024.201]
Digital innovation ; Citizen science ; Water quality ; Monitoring ; Developing countries ; Freshwater ecosystems ; Water resources ; Water management ; Decision support ; Community involvement ; Data collection ; Digital technology ; Sensors ; Databases ; Smartphones ; Mobile applications ; Innovation adoption ; Big data ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Parameters ; Mitigation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052509)
(1.02 MB)
Freshwater systems are disproportionately adversely affected by the ongoing, global environmental crisis. The effective and efficient water resource conservation and management necessary to mitigate the crisis requires monitoring data, especially on water quality. This is recognized by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, particularly indicator 6.3.2., which requires all UN member states to measure and report the ‘proportion of water bodies with good ambient water quality’. However, gathering sufficient data on water quality is reliant on data collection at spatial and temporal scales that are generally outside the capacity of institutions using conventional methods. Digital technologies, such as wireless sensor networks and remote sensing, have come to the fore as promising avenues to increase the scope of data collection and reporting. Citizen science (which goes by many names, e.g., participatory science or community-based monitoring) has also been earmarked as a powerful mechanism to improve monitoring. However, both avenues have drawbacks and limitations. The synergy between the strengths of modern technologies and citizen science presents an opportunity to use the best features of each to mitigate the shortcomings of the other. This paper briefly synthesizes recent research illustrating how smartphones, sometimes in conjunction with other sensors, present a nexus point method for citizen scientists to engage with and use sophisticated modern technology for water quality monitoring. This paper also presents a brief, non-exhaustive research synthesis of some examples of current technological upgrades or innovations regarding smartphones in citizen science water quality monitoring in developing countries and how these can assist in objective, comprehensive, and improved data collection, management and reporting. While digital innovations are being rapidly developed worldwide, there remains a paucity of scientific and socioeconomic validation of their suitability and usefulness within citizen science. This perhaps contributes to the fact that the uptake and upscaling of smartphone-assisted citizen science continues to underperform compared to its potential within water resource management and SDG reporting. Ultimately, we recommend that more rigorous scientific research efforts be dedicated to exploring the suitability of digital innovations in citizen science in the context of developing countries and SDG reporting.
16 Alahacoon, Niranga; Amarnath, Giriraj. 2023. Climate Smart Governance Dashboard: technical guide. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience. 38p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052646)
(3.45 MB)
The Climate-Smart Governance (CSG) Dashboard stands as an innovative platform, providing data on climate-related hazards, vulnerability, climate scenarios, and sector-specific information. Developed as part of the CGIAR initiative on Climate Resilience (ClimBeR), the CSG Dashboard plays a crucial role in supporting nations undertaking the UNFCCC National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. Aligned with the iterative nature of the NAP process, the CSG Dashboard enhances adaptive capacity and resilience, minimizing vulnerability to climate change impacts. The training manual aims to guide users through the platform, ensuring ease of use and a clear understanding of its functionalities. The homepage offers an overview of the project, collaborative partners, and statistical data. Users register to access country-specific information. The landing page includes sections such as About Us, Our Team, Resources, Language, and Login. The platform comprises eight main subpages, including Country Overview, Climate Outlook, Project Tracker, Geo Intelligence Tools, Monitoring and Evaluation, Development Indicators, Adaption Catalog, and Investment Portfolio Planning. Users can navigate through these modules for detailed information, facilitated by the "View More" option. This module provides a comprehensive snapshot of a country, including water resources, agriculture, ecosystems, health, and climate hazards. It incorporates vital indicators like Human Development Index, electricity access, internet usage, and adaptive capacity. Historical and future climate data offer insights into the environmental and socio-economic landscape. Utilizing UNFCCC Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, this module projects a nation's risk under different climate policies and regions. Sub-modules include Climate Risk Profile, Future Climate Risk, Climate Risk Visualizer, and Climate Sectoral Impacts, allowing users to explore forecast predictions for climate variables. A powerful visualization tool, the Project Tracker aids in systematically monitoring adaptation, mitigation, and cross-cutting initiatives. Users can assess projects, identify successful strategies, and explore project details by category. The module also allows searching and viewing projects on a map. This component serves as a dynamic hub for overseeing climate change projects, enabling input, organization, and visualization of project data. Users can add, modify, delete projects, and view progress and reports associated with outcomes. This page offers detailed country-level information on geospatial data. Users can visualize, analyze, and interpret data, tailoring exploration with filters and comparing hazard and risk indicators. Administrative boundaries, project distribution, hydrology, infrastructure, hazard, and risk indicators are available. Users can explore individual Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in detail, assessing a country's progress towards meeting UN SDGs. The module guides monitoring, and evaluation teams and allows users to select specific SDGs for trend analysis. Showcasing global climate adaptation projects, this module encourages users to contribute project information. Users can visualize project distribution on a map, filter projects, and view individual project details. This module evaluates a country's economy and climate-related risks, focusing on GDP impacts across different climate scenarios. Policymakers can analyze potential financial implications and attract donor investment. The CSG Dashboard, developed under the CGIAR initiative, serves as a comprehensive solution, addressing challenges in climate-related initiatives. By consolidating data, providing planning tools, and adopting collaboration, it plays a critical role in enhancing adaptive capacity, resilience, and informed governance. The interconnected modules create a responsive and user-friendly platform, empowering stakeholders to make informed decisions and contribute to climate resilience globally.
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