Your search found 4 records
1 Thornthwaite, C. W. 1953. Operations research in agriculture. Operations Research in Agriculture, 1(2):33-38.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 7889 Record No: H040031)
2 Romero, J. M.; Cordon, G. B.; Lagorio, M. G. 2020. Re-absorption and scattering of chlorophyll fluorescence in canopies: a revised approach. Remote Sensing of Environment, 246:111860. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111860]
Plant physiology ; Chlorophylls ; Fluorescence emission spectroscopy ; Canopy ; Vegetation ; Crops ; Peas ; Maize ; Lolium ; Soils ; Remote sensing ; Models
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049717)
(4.08 MB)
The measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence in remote way represents a tool that is becoming increasingly important in relation to the diagnosis of plant health and carbon budget on the planet. However, the detection of this emission is severely affected by distortions, due to processes of light re-absorption both in the leaf and in the canopy. Even though some advances have been made to correct the signal in the far-red, the whole spectral range needs to be addressed, in order to accurately assess plant physiological state. In 2018, we introduced a model to obtain fluorescence spectra at leaf level, from what was observed at canopy level. In this present work, we publish a revision of that physical model, with a more rigorous and exact mathematical treatment. In addition, multiple scattering between the soil and the canopy, and the fraction of land covered by vegetation have also been taken into consideration. We validate this model upon experimental measures, in three types of crops of agronomic interest (Pea, Rye grass and Maize) with different architecture. Our model accurately predicts both the shape of fluorescence spectra at leaf level from that measured at canopy level and the fluorescence ratio. Furthermore, not only do we eliminate artifacts affecting the spectral shape, but we are also able to calculate the quantum yield of fluorescence corrected for re-absorption, from the experimental quantum yield at canopy level. This represents an advance in the study of these systems because it offers the opportunity to make corrections for both the fluorescence ratio and the intensity of the observed fluorescence.
3 Del Borghi, A.; Tacchino, V.; Moreschi, L.; Matarazzo, A.; Gallo, M.; Vazquez, D. A. 2022. Environmental assessment of vegetable crops towards the water-energy-food nexus: a combination of precision agriculture and life cycle assessment. Ecological Indicators, 140:109015. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109015]
Precision agriculture ; Life cycle assessment ; Water resources ; Energy ; Food production ; Nexus approaches ; Sustainability ; Vegetable crops ; Beans ; Peas ; Sweet corn ; Environmental assessment ; Tomatoes ; Water use ; Case studies / Italy
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051253)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X22004861/pdfft?md5=b718f554f2084af51058ca068d0ff3f1&pid=1-s2.0-S1470160X22004861-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051253.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051253.pdf
(2.07 MB) (2.07 MB)
The increase in world population and the resulting demand for food, water and energy are exerting increasing pressure on soil, water resources and ecosystems. Identification of tools to minimise the related environmental impacts within the food–energy–water nexus is, therefore, crucial. The purpose of the study is to carry out an analysis of the agri-food sector in order to improve the energy-environmental performance of four vegetable crops (beans, peas, sweet corn, tomato) through a combination of precision agriculture (PA) and life cycle assessment (LCA). Thus, PA strategies were identified and a full LCA was performed on actual and future scenarios for all crops in order to evaluate the benefits of a potential combination of these two tools. In the case study analysed, a life cycle approach was able to target water consumption as a key parameter for the reduced water availability of future climate scenarios and to set a multi-objective function combining also such environmental aspects to the original goal of yield maximisation. As a result, the combination of PA with the LCA perspective potentially allowed the path for an optimal trade-off of all the parameters involved and an overall reduction of the expected environmental impacts in future climate scenarios.
4 Wu, L.; Elshorbagy, A.; Helgason, W. 2023. Assessment of agricultural adaptations to climate change from a water-energy-food nexus perspective. Agricultural Water Management, 284:108343. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108343]
Climate change ; Water productivity ; Energy consumption ; Food security ; Nexus approaches ; Sustainable development ; Agronomic practices ; Crop yield ; Wheat ; Rapeseed ; Peas ; Agricultural production ; Crop production ; Water use ; Soil water ; Drought stress ; Food production ; Water demand ; Irrigation water ; Water supply ; Water availability ; Water power ; Evapotranspiration / Canada / Manitoba / Saskatchewan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051919)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377423002081/pdfft?md5=657e37956f50fdbcc1a8d5655caa586f&pid=1-s2.0-S0378377423002081-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051919.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051919.pdf
(7.22 MB) (7.22 MB)
Adapting agriculture to climate change without deteriorating natural resources (e.g., water and energy) is critical to sustainable development. In this paper, we first comprehensively evaluate six agricultural adaptations in response to climate change (2021–2050) through the lens of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus in Saskatchewan, Canada, using a previously developed nexus model—WEF-Sask. The adaptations involve agronomic measures (early planting date, reducing soil evaporation, irrigation expansion), genetic improvement (cultivars with larger growing degree days (GDD) requirement), and combinations of individual adaptations. The results show that the selected adaptations compensate for crop yield losses (wheat, canola, pea), caused by climate change, to various extents. However, from a nexus perspective, there are mixed effects on water productivity (WP), total agricultural water (green and blue) use, energy consumption for irrigation, and hydropower generation. Individual adaptations such as early planting date and increased GDD requirement compensate for yield losses in both rainfed (0–60 %) and irrigated (18–100 %) conditions with extra use of green water (5–7 %), blue water (2–14 %), and energy for irrigation (2–14 %). Reducing soil water evaporation benefits the overall WEF nexus by compensating for rainfed yield losses (25–82 %) with less use of blue water and energy consumption for irrigation. The combination of the above three adaptations has the potential to sustain agricultural production in water-scarce regions. If irrigation expansion is also included, the combined adaptation almost fully offsets agricultural production losses from climate change but significantly increases blue water use (143–174 %) and energy consumption for irrigation while reducing hydropower production (3 %). This study provides an approach to comprehensively evaluating agricultural adaptation strategies, in response to climate change, and insights to inform decision-makers.
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