Your search found 3 records
1 Wubaye, G. B.; Gashaw, T.; Worqlul, A. W.; Dile, Y. T.; Taye, Meron Teferi; Haileslassie, Amare; Zaitchik, B.; Birhan, D. A.; Adgo, E.; Mohammed, J. A.; Lebeza, T. M.; Bantider, A.; Seid, Abdulkarim; Srinivasan, R. 2023. Trends in rainfall and temperature extremes in Ethiopia: station and agro-ecological zone levels of analysis. Atmosphere, 14(3):483. (Special issue: Water Management and Crop Production in the Face of Climate Change) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030483]
Extreme weather events ; Rainfall ; Temperature ; Trends ; Meteorological stations ; Agroecological zones ; Climate change adaptation ; Precipitation ; Spatial distribution ; Time series analysis / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051768)
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/3/483/pdf?version=1678174504
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051768.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051768.pdf
(9.01 MB) (9.01 MB)
Climate extreme events have been observed more frequently since the 1970s throughout Ethiopia, which adversely affects the socio-economic development of the country, as its economy depends on agriculture, which, in turn, relies heavily on annual and seasonal rainfall. Climate extremes studies conducted in Ethiopia are mainly limited to a specific location or watershed, making it difficult to have insights at the national level. The present study thus aims to examine the observed climate extreme events in Ethiopia at both station and agro-ecological zone (AEZ) levels. Daily rainfall and temperature data for 47 and 37 stations, respectively (1986 up to 2020), were obtained from the National Meteorology Agency (NMA). The Modified Mann–Kendall (MMK) trend test and the Theil–Sen slope estimator were employed to estimate the trends in rainfall and temperature extremes. This study examines trends of 13 temperature and 10 rainfall extreme indices using RClimDex in R software. The results revealed that most of the extreme rainfall indices showed a positive trend in the majority of the climate stations. For example, an increase in consecutive dry days (CDD), very heavy rainfall days (R20), number of heavy rainfall days (R10) and consecutive wet days (CWD) were exhibited in most climate stations. In relation to AEZs, the greater number of extreme rainfall indices illustrated an upward trend in cool and sub-humid, cool and humid, and cool and moist AEZs, a declining trend in hot arid AEZ, and equal proportions of increasing and decreasing trends in warm semi-arid AEZs. Concerning extreme temperature indices, the result indicated an increasing trend of warm temperature extreme indices and a downward trend of cold temperature extreme indices in most of the climate stations, indicating the overall warming and dryness trends in the country. With reference to AEZs, an overall warming was exhibited in all AEZs, except in the hot arid AEZ. The observed trends in the rainfall and temperature extremes will have tremendous direct and indirect impacts on agriculture, water resources, health, and other sectors in the country. Therefore, the findings suggest the need for identifying and developing climate change adaptation strategies to minimize the ill effects of these extreme climate events on the social, economic, and developmental sectors.
2 Aniley, E.; Gashaw, T.; Abraham, T.; Demessie, S. F.; Bayabil, H. K.; Worqlul, A. W.; van Oel, P. R.; Dile, Y. T.; Chukalla, A. D.; Haileslassie, Amare; Wubaye, G. B.. 2023. Evaluating the performances of gridded satellite/reanalysis products in representing the rainfall climatology of Ethiopia. Geocarto International, 38(1):2278329. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2023.2278329]
Rainfall ; Datasets ; Weather data ; Performance assessment ; Climatology ; Satellite observation ; Agroecological zones ; Precipitation / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052402)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/10106049.2023.2278329?needAccess=true
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052402.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052402.pdf
(3.33 MB) (3.33 MB)
This study evaluated performances of the Climate Hazard Group Infrared Precipitation with stations version 2.0 (CHIRPS v2.0) and Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation version 2.8 (MSWEP v2.8) products against observed data. Rainfall climatology was simulated for different agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Ethiopia during 1991–2020 at different temporal scales. Performance evaluations were made using continuous and statistical performance measures as well as Probability Density Function (PDF). CHIRPS v2.0 for estimating monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall totals, and MSWEP v2.8 for daily rainfall have shown better performance over all AEZs. The two products display comparable performance for detecting daily rainfall occurrences over alpine AEZ, but MSWEP v2.8 is superior in the rest four AEZs. CHIRPS v2.0 outperforms MSWEP v2.8 for detecting most of the daily rainfall intensity classes over all AEZs. The findings will play a noteworthy role to improve the quality of hydro-climate studies in Ethiopia.
3 Gashaw, T.; Wubaye, G. B.; Worqlul, A. W.; Dile, Y. T.; Mohammed, J. A.; Birhan, D. A.; Tefera, G. W.; van Oel, P. R.; Haileslassie, Amare; Chukalla, A. D.; Taye, Meron Teferi; Bayabil, H. K.; Zaitchik, B.; Srinivasan, R.; Senamaw, A.; Bantider, A.; Adgo, E.; Seid, Abdulkarim. 2023. Local and regional climate trends and variabilities in Ethiopia: implications for climate change adaptations. Environmental Challenges, 13:100794. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2023.100794]
Climate change adaptation ; Climate variability ; Trends ; Strategies ; Rainfall ; Temperature ; Agroecological zones ; Meteorological stations ; Spatial distribution / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052409)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010023001178/pdfft?md5=7a942050dc761a0e0ab04c909ca6637b&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010023001178-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052409.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052409.pdf
(4.10 MB) (4.10 MB)
Ethiopia is experiencing considerable impact of climate change and variability in the last five decades. Analyzing climate trends and variability is essential to develop effective adaptation strategies, particularly for countries vulnerable to climate change. This study analyzed trends and variabilities of climate (rainfall, maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin)) at local and regional scales in Ethiopia. The local analysis was carried out considering each meteorological station, while the regional analyses were based on agroecological zones (AEZs). This study used observations from 47 rainfall and 37 temperature stations obtained from the Ethiopian Meteorological Institute (EMI) for the period of 1986 to 2020. The Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK) trend test and Theil Sen’s slope estimator were used to analyze the trends and magnitudes of change, respectively, in rainfall as well as temperature. The coefficient of variation (CV) and standardized anomaly index (SAI) were also employed to evaluate rainfall and temperature variabilities. The local level analysis revealed that Bega (dry season), Kiremt (main rainy season), and annual rainfall showed increasing trend, albeit no significant, in most stations, but the rainfall in Belg (small rainy) season showed a non-significant decreasing trend. The regional levels analysis also indicated an increasing trend of Bega, Kiremt, and annual rainfall in most AEZs, while Belg rainfall showed a decreasing trend in the greater number of AEZs. The result of both local and regional levels of analysis discerned a spatially and temporally more homogeneous warming trend. Both Tmax and Tmin revealed an increasing trend in annual and seasonal scales at most meteorological stations. Likewise, an increase was recorded for mean Tmax and Tmin in entire/most AEZs. The observed trends and variabilities of rainfall and temperature have several implications for climate change adaptations. For example, the decrease in Belg rainfall in most AEZs would have a negative impact on areas that heavily depend on Belg season’s rainfall for crop production. Some climate adaptation options include identifying short maturing crop varieties, soil moisture conservation, and supplemental irrigation of crops using harvested water during the main rainy season. Conversely, since the first three months of Bega season (October to December) are crop harvest season in most parts of Ethiopia, the increase in Bega rainfall would increase crop harvest loss, and hence, early planting date and identifying short maturing crops during the main rainy season are some climate adaptation strategies. Because of the increase in temperature, water demand for irrigation during Bega season will increase due to increased evapotranspiration. On the other hand, the increase in Kiremt rainfall can be harvested and used for supplemental irrigation during Bega as well as the small rainy season, particularly for early planting. In view of these findings, it is imperative to develop and implement effective climate-smart agricultural strategies specific to each agro-ecological zone (AEZ) to adapt to rainfall and temperature changes and variabilities.
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