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1 Raihan, A.; Muhtasim, D. A.; Farhana, S.; Ul Hasan, Md. A.; Pavel, M. I.; Faruk, O.; Rahman, M.; Mahmood, A. 2022. Nexus between economic growth, energy use, urbanization, agricultural productivity, and carbon dioxide emissions: new insights from Bangladesh. Energy Nexus, 8:100144. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2022.100144]

Economic growth ; Energy consumption ; Urbanization ; Agricultural productivity ; Carbon dioxide ; Nexus approaches ; Emission reduction ; Renewable energy ; Sustainable development ; Environmental degradation ; Econometrics / Bangladesh

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051566)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427122000997/pdfft?md5=dbcb4ae244b54398c715ae9ea126b481&pid=1-s2.0-S2772427122000997-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051566.pdf

(1.63 MB) (1.63 MB)

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, notably carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are causing global climate change, which poses enormous hazards to human life, the environment, development, and sustainability. Bangladesh is predominantly an agricultural country experiencing continuous economic growth and rapid urbanization which is causing higher energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The present study empirically explores the nexus between economic growth, energy use, urbanization, agricultural productivity, and CO2 emissions in Bangladesh. Time series data from 1972 to 2018 were utilized by employing the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) approach. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test revealed evidence of cointegration among the variables in the long run which has been verified by the Johansen cointegration test and Engle-Granger cointegration test. The empirical findings reveal that economic growth, energy use, urbanization, and reduced agricultural productivity increase CO2 emissions in Bangladesh. The estimated results are robust to alternative estimators such as fully modified least squares (FMOLS), and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR). In addition, the pairwise Granger causality test is utilized to capture the causal linkage between the variables. This study adds to the current body of knowledge by shining light on the factors that contribute to environmental degradation in Bangladesh. This article put forward policy recommendations aimed at sustainable development by establishing strong regulatory policy instruments to reduce environmental degradation.

2 Raihan, A.; Muhtasim, D. A.; Farhana, S.; Ul Hasan, Md A.; Pavel, M. I.; Faruk, O.; Rahman, M.; Mahmood, A. 2023. An econometric analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from different agricultural factors in Bangladesh. Energy Nexus, 9:100179. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2023.100179]

Econometrics ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; Climate change ; Renewable energy ; Sustainability ; Farmland ; Crop production ; Livestock ; Energy consumption ; Fertilizers ; Climate-smart agriculture ; Forest land ; Deforestation / Bangladesh

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051810)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427123000098/pdfft?md5=9f4356626ac8a3692843f774afc24e42&pid=1-s2.0-S2772427123000098-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051810.pdf

(1.20 MB)

Global climate change triggered by greenhouse gases (GHGs) puts incomparable threats to the environment and food security. Agriculture is one of the key drivers of environmental deterioration, which is linked to GHG emissions and labeled ultrasensitive to climate change. However, there is a scarcity of research exploring the nexus between agriculture and GHG emissions in Bangladesh. Thus, the present study empirically investigates the dynamic impacts of agricultural land expansion, agricultural value added, crop production, livestock production, fisheries production, energy use in agriculture, fertilizer consumption, and forest land on GHG emissions in Bangladesh. Time series data from 1990 to 2018 were utilized by employing the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) approach. The empirical findings reveal that a 1% increase in agricultural land, crop production index, livestock production index, fisheries production, energy use in agriculture, and fertilizer consumption will increase GHG emissions by 0.25%, 0.29%, 0.40%, 0.18%, 0.46%, and 0.28% in the long run. Conversely, a 1% increase in agricultural value added and the forest land may lead to GHG emissions reduction by 0.32% and 1.44% in the long run. The estimated results are robust to alternative estimators such as fully modified least squares (FMOLS) and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR). This research contributes to the existing literature by shedding light on the GHG emissions from the agriculture sector of Bangladesh. This article put forward policy recommendations on sustainable and climate-smart agriculture that would enhance productivity and resilience while reducing emissions from the agriculture sector.