Your search found 7 records
1 Prado, M. C. C. M.; Hiscock, K. M.; Rajasooriyar, L.; Boelee, Eline. 2010. Application of a combined hydrochemical and stable isotope approach to the study of the interaction between irrigation canal water and groundwater in southern Sri Lanka. [Abstract only]. In International Symposium, Sustainable Agriculture for Prosperity, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka, 16 November 2010. Proceedings, Part 1 - Keynote speeches and abstracts. Kamburupitiya, Sri Lanka: University of Ruhuna. Faculty of Agriculture. pp.58.
Canals ; Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation water ; Groundwater ; Aquifers ; Wells ; Reservoirs ; Chlorides ; Fluorides ; Stable isotopes ; Water quality / Sri Lanka / Uda Walawe Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 630 G000 INT Record No: H043342)
(0.6MB)
2 Matheswaran, K.; Khadka, A.; Dhaubanjar, Sanita; Bharati, Luna; Kumar, S.; Shrestha, S. 2019. Delineation of spring recharge zones using environmental isotopes to support climate-resilient interventions in two mountainous catchments in far-western Nepal. Hydrogeology Journal, 27(6):2181-2197. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-019-01973-6]
Water springs ; Groundwater recharge ; Artificial recharge ; Climate change ; Isotope analysis ; Stable isotopes ; Deuterium ; Highlands ; Catchment areas ; Hydrogeology ; Hydrometeorology ; Rainfall patterns ; Precipitation ; Flow discharge ; Altitude ; Monsoon climate ; Dry season / Nepal / Shikarpur / Banlek
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049195)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10040-019-01973-6.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049195.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049195.pdf
(6.57 MB) (6.57 MB)
Though springs are the primary source of water for communities in the mid-hills of Nepal, an in-depth scientific understanding of spring systems is missing, preventing the design of effective climate-resilient interventions for long-term sustainability of springs. This study marks the first attempt to combine environmental isotopes analysis with hydrometric and hydrogeological measurements to identify dominant recharge zones for springs in two mountainous catchments—Banlek and Shikarpur—in Far-Western Nepal. In total, 422 water samples collected from rainfall, springs and streams between March 2016 and March 2017 were analyzed for their isotopic composition (d18O and dD). Isotopic composition of rainwater shows seasonality, suggesting that different sources of water vapor cause rains in monsoon and in dry season. Rainfall responses of individual springs were used to identify connections to unconfined and deeper groundwater strata. The isotopic composition of springs in the two catchments ranges from -9.55 to -8.06‰ for d18O and -67.58 to -53.51‰ for dD. The isotopic signature of the spring sources falls close to the local meteoric water line for the corresponding season, indicating strong rainfall contribution to springs. Altitudinal isotopic gradients suggest mean recharge elevation of 2,600–2,700 m asl for springs in Shikarpur, which lies beyond the surface-water catchment, and a recharge elevation of 1,000–1,100 m asl for Banlek, which partially extends beyond the surface-water catchment. The demarcated recharge zones will be used by government agencies to implement recharge interventions to increase the resiliency and reliability of springs in Far-Western Nepal.
3 Jimenez-Rodriguez, C. D.; Coenders-Gerrits, M.; Uhlenbrook, S.; Wenninger, J. 2019. What do plants leave after summer on the ground? - the effect of afforested plants in arid environments. Water, 11(12):2559. (Special issue: Use of Water Stable Isotopes in Hydrological Process). [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w11122559]
Plants ; Afforestation ; Arid zones ; Vegetation ; Soil moisture ; Water use ; Groundwater ; Precipitation ; Evaporation ; Stable isotopes ; Soil properties ; Root systems ; Salix ; Hydrogen ; Oxygen ; Models / China / Hailiutu Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049794)
(1.94 MB) (1.94 MB)
The implementation of afforestation programs in arid environments in northern China had modified the natural vegetation patterns. This increases the evaporation flux; however, the influence of these new covers on the soil water conditions is poorly understood. This work aims to describe the effect of Willow bushes (Salix psammophila C. Wang and Chang Y. Yang) and Willow trees (Salix matsudana Koidz.) on the soil water conditions after the summer. Two experimental plots located in the Hailiutu catchment (Shaanxi province, northwest China), and covered with plants of each species, were monitored during Autumn in 2010. The monitoring included the soil moisture, fine root distribution and transpiration fluxes that provided information about water availability, access and use by the plants. Meanwhile, the monitoring of stable water isotopes collected from precipitation, soil water, groundwater and xylem water linked the water paths. The presence of Willow trees and Willow bushes reduce the effect of soil evaporation after summer, increasing the soil moisture respect to bare soil conditions. Also, the presence of soil water with stable water isotope signatures close to groundwater reflect the hydraulic lift process. This is an indication of soil water redistribution carried out by both plant species.
4 Gao, J.; Li, Z.; Chen, Z.; Zhou, Y.; Liu, W.; Wang, L.; Zhou, J. 2021. Deterioration of groundwater quality along an increasing intensive land use pattern in a small catchment. Agricultural Water Management, 253:106953. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106953]
Groundwater ; Water quality ; Land use change ; Catchment areas ; Chemical analysis ; Nitrates ; Ions ; Stable isotopes ; Farmland ; Vegetation ; Fertilizers ; Contamination ; Wells / China / Shaanxi / Yujiahe Catchment
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050383)
(5.25 MB)
Land use change has greatly influenced groundwater quality worldwide. Identifying the effects of different intensive land uses on the groundwater quality is the first step in taking proper action to solve the problem. In this study, we compared the effects of different intensive land uses (region A, natural vegetation; region B, cereal fields; region C, kiwifruit orchards) in the Yujiahe catchment between 2015 and 2017 in Shaanxi, China, on the major ions and stable isotopes of nitrate (d15N–NO3– and d18O–NO3–). The NO3- groundwater concentrations increased from region A to region B and region C; NO3- concentrations in shallow groundwater were higher than those of deep groundwater in region C (55.3 vs. 28.9 mg/L, respectively). The NO3- concentrations in region A and region B did not exceed the WHO standard of 50 mg/L. However, 56.3% and 22.2% of the shallow and deep groundwater samples have NO3- concentrations exceeding the standard in region C, respectively. The average electrical conductivity (EC) values of springs in region A and shallow groundwater in regions B and C were 438, 525, and 753 µs/cm, respectively. Concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl-, and HCO3- ions and nitrogen isotope values increased from region A to region C, indicating that intensive land use change has modified groundwater hydrochemical composition, and deteriorated groundwater quality. This study has highlighted the significant effect of intensive land use of orchards at the small catchment scale on the groundwater quality.
5 Kumar, S.; Joshi, S. K.; Pant, N.; Singh, S.; Chakravorty, B.; Saini, R. K.; Kumar, V.; Singh, A.; Ghosh, N. C.; Mukherjee, A.; Rai, P.; Singh, V. 2021. Hydrogeochemical evolution and groundwater recharge processes in arsenic enriched area in central Gangetic Plain, India. Applied Geochemistry, 131:105044. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.105044]
Groundwater recharge ; Hydrology ; Geochemistry ; Groundwater table ; Arsenic ; Stable isotopes ; Aquifers ; Water level ; Weathering ; Rivers / India / Gangetic Plains / Uttar Pradesh / Ballia District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050479)
(7.44 MB)
The present study dealt with understanding hydrogeochemical evolution, ascertaining distribution, fate and spatio-temporal variation of arsenic along with comprehending recharge processes and quantification of recharge rate in the central Gangetic plain, India. The arsenic enriched area was observed mostly in the fluvial deposits with younger alluvium. The depth to water levels maps for 1996 and 2016 showed marked spatio-temporal variation and the groundwater recharge rate was estimated to be varied between 0.05 m/year and 0.07 m/year in the study area. The elevated arsenic concentration was noticed in the region, having declined groundwater recharge. A total of 147 water samples were collected from hand pumps (n = 141) and rivers (n = 6) during the pre-monsoon period (May 2016). In addition, about 81 groundwater samples were collected from 27 locations during the pre-monsoon, monsoon and winter 2019 for studying seasonal variability in the hydrogeochemical parameters and isotopic composition of water. Arsenic concentration was found more in the area where deposits of coarser sediment of the Quaternary period was present along the rivers Ganga and Ghaghra. The arsenic concentration was observed higher in the pre-monsoon (maxm. As 641 µg/L), followed by the post-monsoon (425 µg/L) and monsoon season (375 µg/L). The depleted isotopic value and higher D-excess values in groundwater suggested active recharge conditions with precipitation as the major source of recharge in the study area. It is hypothesized that rainwater induced oxygenated water into the aquifer by the process of recharge, which may prompted various biogeochemical reactions due to change in redox conditions and endorsed arsenic sorption in the monsoon season. Thereafter, anoxic conditions prevailed in the post-monsoon season, and finally, in the pre-monsoon season, reducing conditions continued and arsenic released at a rapid rate, which was justified with the seasonal variation of arsenic concentration.
6 Setargie, T. A.; Tilahun, S. A.; Schmitter, Petra; Moges, M. A.; Gurmessa, S. K.; Tsunekawa, A.; Tsubo, M.; Berihun, M. L.; Fenta, A. A.; Haregeweyn, N. 2021. Characterizing shallow groundwater in hillslope aquifers using isotopic signatures: a case study in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 37:100901. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100901]
Groundwater ; Watersheds ; Shallow wells ; Rain ; Stream flow ; Aquifers ; Runoff ; Dry season ; Irrigation ; Hydrographs ; Stable isotopes ; Case studies / Ethiopia / Upper Blue Nile Basin / Robit-Bata Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050667)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581821001300/pdfft?md5=82c851f6dd4a1f7669a9017af2d7bf8c&pid=1-s2.0-S2214581821001300-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050667.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050667.pdf
(4.32 MB) (4.32 MB)
Study region: Robit-Bata watershed, Upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia.
Study focus: Stable isotopes of water (Oxygen-18 and Deuterium) were used as tracers to estimate the contribution of groundwater in shallow hillslope aquifers to streamflow in the Robit-Bata watershed. To assess the spatiotemporal variability of shallow groundwater and develop a hydrograph separation technique, we collected rainfall, shallow groundwater, and streamflow samples and analyzed their d18O and d2 H isotopic compositions. The local meteoric water line (LMWL) and local evaporative line (LEL) of the study area were determined and compared with the global meteoric water line (GMWL). A standard unweighted two-component isotope-based hydrograph separation model was used to determine the percentage contribution of shallow groundwater to streamflow.
New hydrological insights for the region: The LMWL (d2 H = 8.63·d18O + 18.2) mostly showed heavy isotopic enrichment relative to GMWL, and the LEL (d2 H = 5.45·d18O + 6.96) indicated isotopic enrichment compared to Ethiopian lakes. Shallow groundwater responded rapidly to rainfall, with good spatial correlation depending on topographic positions of wells. Pre-event water contributed 90% when the watershed reached maximum storage. This finding gives insight towards the predominant runoff generation process and has significant implications for sustainable dry season irrigation expansion in the area as the sub-surface flow drains out of the watershed from October onwards reducing water tables in the shallow wells.
Study focus: Stable isotopes of water (Oxygen-18 and Deuterium) were used as tracers to estimate the contribution of groundwater in shallow hillslope aquifers to streamflow in the Robit-Bata watershed. To assess the spatiotemporal variability of shallow groundwater and develop a hydrograph separation technique, we collected rainfall, shallow groundwater, and streamflow samples and analyzed their d18O and d2 H isotopic compositions. The local meteoric water line (LMWL) and local evaporative line (LEL) of the study area were determined and compared with the global meteoric water line (GMWL). A standard unweighted two-component isotope-based hydrograph separation model was used to determine the percentage contribution of shallow groundwater to streamflow.
New hydrological insights for the region: The LMWL (d2 H = 8.63·d18O + 18.2) mostly showed heavy isotopic enrichment relative to GMWL, and the LEL (d2 H = 5.45·d18O + 6.96) indicated isotopic enrichment compared to Ethiopian lakes. Shallow groundwater responded rapidly to rainfall, with good spatial correlation depending on topographic positions of wells. Pre-event water contributed 90% when the watershed reached maximum storage. This finding gives insight towards the predominant runoff generation process and has significant implications for sustainable dry season irrigation expansion in the area as the sub-surface flow drains out of the watershed from October onwards reducing water tables in the shallow wells.
7 Wang, W.; Chen, Y.; Chen, Y.; Wang, W.; Zhang, T.; Qin, J. 2022. Groundwater dynamic influenced by intense anthropogenic activities in a dried-up river oasis of Central Asia. Hydrology Research, 53(4):532-546. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2022.049]
Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater extraction ; Anthropogenic factors ; River basins ; Groundwater table ; Canals ; Surface water ; Evapotranspiration ; Flow discharge ; Precipitation ; Salinity ; Stable isotopes ; Land cover change / Central Asia / Weigan-Kuqa River Basin / Tarim Basin / Wei-Ku Oasis
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051123)
https://iwaponline.com/hr/article-pdf/53/4/532/1043485/nh0530532.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051123.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051123.pdf
(1.19 MB) (1.19 MB)
Intense anthropogenic activities in arid areas have great impacts on groundwater process by causing river dried-up and phreatic decline. Groundwater recharge and discharge have become hot spot in the dried-up river oases of arid regions, but are not well known, challenging water and ecological security. This study applied a stable isotope and end-member mixing analysis method to quantify shallow groundwater sources and interpret groundwater processes using data from 186 water samples in the Wei-Ku Oasis of central Asia. Results showed that shallow groundwater (well depth < 20 m) was mainly supplied by surface water and lateral groundwater flow from upstream, accounting for 88 and 12%, respectively, implying surface water was the dominant source. Stable isotopes and TDS showed obviously spatiotemporal dynamic. Shallow groundwater TDS increased from northwest to southeast, while the spatial variation trend of groundwater d18O was not obvious. Surface water and groundwater in non-flood season had higher values of stable isotopes and TDS than those in flood season. Anthropogenic activities greatly affect groundwater dynamics, where land-cover change and groundwater overexploitation are the main driving factors. The findings would be useful for further understanding groundwater sources and cycling, and help restore groundwater level and desert ecosystem in the arid region.
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