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1 Krauss, J. E.; Krishnan, A. 2021. Global decisions versus local realities: sustainability standards, priorities and upgrading dynamics in agricultural global production networks. Global Networks, 24p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/glob.12325]
Agricultural production ; Agricultural value chains ; Sustainability ; Standards ; Horticulture ; Cocoa industry ; Stakeholders ; Farmers ; Livelihoods ; Policies ; Certification ; Social aspects ; Economic aspects ; Environmental factors ; Case studies ; Models / Africa South of Sahara / Central America / Nicaragua / Kenya
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050408)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/glob.12325
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050408.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050408.pdf
(1.76 MB) (1.76 MB)
Voluntary sustainability standards (VSSs) in global production networks (GPNs) have grown significantly in prominence. Existing research largely assumed that VSSs create linear upgrading outcomes for all GPN actors and has studied VSSs from the point of adoption in the GPNs, rather than a broader range of stages in their lifecycle. To address these limitations, and building on literature around power and agency in GPNs, we develop the constellation of priorities (CoP) model to unpack the diverse and often diverging boardroom (Northern lead firm) and local (Southern supplier) priorities involved in such standards. Through in-depth fieldwork on horticulture in Kenya and cocoa in Nicaragua across the VSS lifecycle, we find significant divergences in priorities between farmer groups in both countries and lead firms in the UK and Germany. We demonstrate analytically and empirically that diverging priorities coupled with power asymmetries produced contestations, leading to simultaneous economic and environmental downgrading, and social upgrading.
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